Within the framework of the III All-Russian scientific and practical conference of otorhinolaryngologists, audiologists, somnologists and maxillofacial surgeons with international participation, a meeting of experts in the field of ENT diseases was held with the support of Heel RUS LLC, October 17-18, 2019, Kazan.

2020 is the 100 anniversary of the of post-graduate education of pediatricians at the Kazan State Medical Academy. The article gives a brief essay on the history of the Department of Pediatrics, and further the Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology from the moment of its foundation to the present day.

The pandemic of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) makes us to think about effective preventive methods in pregnant women, because the course of such infection is accompanied by a high risk of severe endotheliopathy, disseminated intravascular coagulation, septic shock, thromboembolic complications and maternal mortality. Undoubtedly, vaccination is the most effective method of protection during pandemic, which experience in some infections in pregnant women has been accumulated in the world practice and may be also used for the COVID-19 vaccine. Here we discuss the issues of vaccination for pregnant women to expand the view of medical doctors and eliminate prejudice against immunization of pregnant women.

2020 is the 100 anniversary of the of post-graduate education of pediatricians at the Kazan State Medical Academy. The article gives a brief essay on the history of the Department of Pediatrics, and further the Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology from the moment of its foundation to the present day.

Malnutrition is a common problem in children with congenital heart defects, regardless of the type of defect and the presence / absence of cyanosis. Children born with heart defects form a high-risk group of nutritional deficiency. Surgical treatment of congenital heart defects is often accompanied by metabolic changes and increased needs of energy and protein. Correction of nutritional status in children with congenital heart diseases improves the condition of patients after cardiac surgery. The purpose of our study was to assess the nutritional status of children with congenital heart defects hospitalized to the cardiac surgery department, and to correct their enteral nutrition. The authors analyzed anthropometric data on the Z-score (weight – age) of children admitted to the department for examination and correction of heart disease. The authors concluded that there is need for further studies to assess the impact of changes in nutritional status on the incidence and mortality of patients with congenital heart defects and the possibility of optimal correction of nutritional status.

Malnutrition is a common problem in children with congenital heart defects, regardless of the type of defect and the presence / absence of cyanosis. Children born with heart defects form a high-risk group of nutritional deficiency. Surgical treatment of congenital heart defects is often accompanied by metabolic changes and increased needs of energy and protein. Correction of nutritional status in children with congenital heart diseases improves the condition of patients after cardiac surgery. The purpose of our study was to assess the nutritional status of children with congenital heart defects hospitalized to the cardiac surgery department, and to correct their enteral nutrition. The authors analyzed anthropometric data on the Z-score (weight – age) of children admitted to the department for examination and correction of heart disease. The authors concluded that there is need for further studies to assess the impact of changes in nutritional status on the incidence and mortality of patients with congenital heart defects and the possibility of optimal correction of nutritional status.

The article describes medical, scientific, pedagogical activity of the outstanding Kazan scientist, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Yefim Moiseevich Lepsky. Ye.M. Lepsky made a great contribution both to the development of the Kazan pediatric school and to the development of Russian pediatrics in general.

The article describes the experience of implementing the “Emergency pediatrics” educational program with the use of simulation training methods, mobile simulation equipment, and distance educational technologies. The program is aimed at improving the doctors’ professional competence in emergency medical care for children. This format of the training helps to train the largest number of doctors in accordance with the international standards for emergency medical care on-the-job. The educational program makes it possible to assess the level of initial and final knowledge, to monitor professional skills, to determine the degree of the doctor’s readiness for emergency medical care for children. Based on the results of the incoming test control and assessment of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills, we can conclude that the pediatricians have insufficient theoretical and practical skills of emergency care. As a promising direction, we plan to create a Register for sudden cardiac arrest, the Register of survival after sudden cardiac arrest in children at hospital and outside the hospital, which improve the quality of emergency and urgent care for children.

This article presents the first results of the Federal pilot project «Identification of patients and improvement of diagnostics of juvenile idiopathic arthritis», involving pediatricians clinics Kazan. It is shown that this problem is relevant, socially significant and requires further study. Early treatment of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis will not only prevent disablement, but also to achieve stable remission of the disease, and early treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (less than 12 months from the date of the onset of the disease) is a proven favorable prognostic factor in reducing disease activity and remission. Given results draws attention to the need for continuity of medical support doctors of various specialties of the specified number of patients.

The article presents modern views on the problem of hereditary progressive pathology: phakomatosis, including neurofibromatosis as the most common in the population of the neurocutaneous syndrome. The main clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis type I, are considered. Presented clinical case shows the later diagnosis of neurofibromatosis a child 14 years of age with mental retardation. It shows that this issue is highly relevant, socially significant and requires further study. The above observation makes us pay attention to the necessity of continuity of medical support by doctors of various specialties of this contingent of patients.

This article presents the first results of the Federal pilot project «Identification of patients and improvement of diagnostics of juvenile idiopathic arthritis», involving pediatricians clinics Kazan. It is shown that this problem is relevant, socially significant and requires further study. Early treatment of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis will not only prevent disablement, but also to achieve stable remission of the disease, and early treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (less than 12 months from the date of the onset of the disease) is a proven favorable prognostic factor in reducing disease activity and remission. Given results draws attention to the need for continuity of medical support doctors of various specialties of the specified number of patients.

The article provides information on fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and the abstinence syndrome in newborns. The data monitoring developmental disorders in 18 children exposed to prenatal influence of alcohol. Described suggested approaches to treatment and management of children with FAS and helping families. It is shown that this problem is poorly studied in Russia and is highly relevant, socially significant and requires further study.

The structure of prolonged neonatal jaundice was given, considered the differential approaches for treatment. It is shown that phenobarbital may be the drug of choice in the treatment of jaundice.