Recommendations for drawing up a claim for an invention are presented in the article with an accent on the results of intellectual activity in the medical area. The fact that in Russia one can get a patent on almost any product or method related to healthcare is especially underlined. The reasons motivating scientific workers to claim for a patent are indicated. It is accentuated that the number of patents is an index of a innovative level in the given organization. The objects of intellectual activity which are protected in the Russian Federation as well as those that can not be under such a protection are enumerated. In order to illustrate an invention prototype, the tasks of an invention and the technical result the examples of different objects of inventions in the medical area are given.

Transposition and mutual approaching of pericentromeric loci 1q12 of homological chromosomes from the nuclear membrane towards the nuclear centre as well as activation of the chromosomal nucleolus-forming regions (NFR) are observed in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as an initial stages of the adaptive response (AR) after exposure to low doses of X-radiation (10 cGy). All these reactions are also induced after addition of cultivation medium from irradiated cells to intact bystander-cells and this phenomenon called bystander effect (BE). Recently the same AR and BE induction results were obtained for human G0-lymphocytes. All these data indicate the existence of universal reaction of homological chromosome loci transposition which was revealed during AR development in differentiated (lymphocytes) and non-differentiated (hMSCs) and also it shows possibility of radiational BE development in suspension and monolayer cell cultures upon addition of stress-signalization factors in incubation medium. We suppose that these factors are extracellular genome DNA fragments apoptotic cells.

The subject of the paper is study of optical absorption of sensitizers in biological tissue. The study shows that absorbance can be used as a tool that allows studying biodistribution of sensitizers and their interaction with tissue in vivo. The article presents a simple technique of determining biological tissue absorption in vivo, and discusses the results of experimental animal studies of some sensitizers.

Our study is devoted to investigation of antitumor activity of allergen-removed extract from Rush verniciflua tree named as ACM909Q. There were used threeand nine percent extract concentrations of ACM909Q at per os administration during 5 or 10 days. It was shown that nine percent extract of ACM909Q in 600 mg/kg dose exerts antitumor effect causing growth inhibition ofutery cerrix cancer RShM-5 to 86%. Antitumor effect of ACM909Q was maintained during two weeks after treated. Life span of treatment animals was increased by 51% in comparison with control mice. Lower antitumor efficacy three percent extract of ACM909Q in 300 and 600 mg/kg doses at per os administration during 5 possesses on breast carcinoma Ca-755 (TGI = 45% and 36%). Life span of mice with Ca-755 in comparison with control animals was not observed in this scheme of administration of ACM909Q. In colon adenocarcinoma AKATOL antitumor efficiency of 3 % Rhus verniciflua extract was observed only at 600 mg/kgdose daily during 5 days (TGI = 46%).