В статье описываются особенности разных технологий производства активной фармацевтической субстанции простаты экстракта, обеспечивающие различные качественные характеристики конечного продукта. Приводятся данные, характеризующие субстанцию простаты экстракта с точки зрения ее физико-химических и биологических свойств при использовании для производства готовой лекарственной формы. Проводится сравнительный анализ ключевых показателей качества субстанций, произведенных по разным технологиям.

Important peculiarities of various technologies used for manufacturing the API of prostate extract that determine different qualitative characteristics of the final product are described. Data on the physicochemical and biological properties of APIs essential for the production of finished dosage forms possessing the desired safety and efficacy indices are presented. The key quality parameters of APIs produced by various technologies are comparatively analyzed.

We studied the effects of Epithalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) and Vilon (Lys-Glu) on free radical processes in highly inbred HA(+)line of Drosophila melanogaster. Vilon inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria, but stimulated this process in the cytosol. We found sex- and age-related differences in the generation of reactive oxygen species and cytosol antioxidant activity.

The effect of epithalone on the age-specific time course of lipid peroxidation was studied in inadaptiveDrosophila melanogaster strains. A single dose of epithalone at the larval stage decreased the level of conjugated hydroperoxides and Schiff bases throughout the life span of imago. Strain- and sex-specific differences in the time course of the studied sign are characterized.

Effect of synthetic pineal tetrapeptide L-Ala-L-Glu-L-Asp-L-Glu (Epithalon) on specific catalase activity and the content of conjugated hydroperoxides in highly inbredDrosophila melanogaster lines differing in reproductive functions were studied. It was shown that Epithalon is a potent modulator of the antioxidant defense, whose biological activity 1000-fold surpasses that of the complex pineal peptide preparation Epithalamin.

Related lines of Drosophila melanogaster selected for reproductive activity for more than 750 generations were studied. Results of the long-term selection experiment support D.K. Belyaev's concept of destabilizing selection. Selection for a behavioral trait (male mating activity) affected the intrinsic structure of the organism. Flies of the low-activity line (LA) exhibited numerous morphological, biochemical, and physiological alterations. Variation rate in the selected lines was accelerated; appearing mutations were often allelic and nonrandomly distributed over chromosomes. Selection was shown to mediate novel sources of variability, e.g., induction and repression of the hobo hybrid dysgenesis. In the process of selection, a genetically determined program of hobo transpositions in the genome was formed.

It was shown that L-arginine (up to 0.5 mM) competitively inhibits the NADPH-diaphorase activity in drosophila melanogaster. The value of inhibition constant is equal to 103 microM. In the presence of higher concentration of L-arginine total NADPH-diaphorase activity includes not only the L-arginine inhibited component, but also the non-inhibited one.

The average life span (ALS) was analyzed in flies of the Drosophila melanogaster inbred stock selected for high embryonic mortality (HEM). In is shown that selection resulted in the reduced ALS of HEM stock, as compared with the initial outbred Leric stock. Two equal peaks of mortality were observed in the hybrid females. The peaks mean values usually corresponded to ALS of the parents. A major peak of mortality was detected in hybrid males, and its mean was higher than ALS values characteristic of both parents. The existence of genes controlling "early" and "late" death in D. melanogaster ontogenesis is proposed.

Using Drosophila lines pre-selected for adaptive characters, studies have been made on the relationship between the intensity of lipid peroxidation and life span in flies of different genotype, age and physiological condition. It was shown that the intensity of lipid peroxidation depends mainly on different factors (sex, age, virginity) in different lines. No expected negative correlation was found between the level of lipid peroxidation and life span in hybrids between two inbred lines. The intensity of lipid peroxidation was inherited like a dominant character, the dynamics of aging--like a codominant one in females and superdominant in males. Both the level of lipid peroxidation and life span appeared to be sex-dependent characters.

The interrelationship between the level of peroxidation lipid and longevity was studied as based on highly inbred lines of Drosophila melanogaster, bred for adaptively important characters. The concepts of the free-radical theory proved valid for the lines and failed to be supported for the crosses. The dominant role of heterosis in the protecting against the "aging action" of free radicals is postulated.