Use of ultrasonic diagnostics reduces number of the low-informative, invasive and connected with beam loading procedures. Objectivity of results of ultrasonic structure of an intestinal wall depends on many subjective parameters: from the device on which examination, from the expert experience, from extent of preparation of intestines, from the applied solution for contrasting, from degree of expressiveness of a desire on a defecation is conducted when filling a thick gut.

Проанализированы опыт и результаты лечения 30 детей с различными вариантами аганглиоза толстой кишки с 2004 по 2013 г., которым были выполнены лапароскопические операции после ранее проведенного хирургического лечения по поводу аганглиоза толстой кишки (паллиативные и радикальные операции). В 13 случаях из 30 операции были неоднократными (до 6 вмешательств у одного больного), по поводу уже возникших послеоперационных осложнений. Всем 30 детям были выполнены лапароскопические операции. Случаев конверсии не было, так же как и осложнений, потребовавших проведения повторных вмешательств. Летальных исходов не было. Ближайшие и отдаленные функциональные и косметические результаты были хорошими в большинстве случаев. Делается заключение о том, что лапароскопические методики могут с успехом применяться, в том числе и при повторных операциях по поводу болезни Гиршпрунга: при разнообразных патологических анатомических вариантах порока, после различных ранее проведенных радикальных и паллиативных операций, в том числе в условиях распространенного спаечного процесса.

Signs of disseminated intravascular clotting (DIC), which were considered the laboratory sign of the subcompensated endotoxine aggression, were detected in 20 children with the Hirsprung disease, aged 3 months - 11 years. Under the influence of the operation stress the subcompensated DIC transformed to the acute decompensated reaction, which led to early complications, such as anastomosistis with tendency to the insufficiency or stenosis, enterocolitis, etc. The study revealed not only the straight connection between the postoperative complications and endotoxine aggression, but the necessity of preoperative preparation, directed on the decrease of the intestinal endotoxin level and normalization of antiendotoxin immunity.

Results of treatment of 62 children aged 1 to 15 years with non-parasitic cysts of kidneys using mini-invasive laparoscopic technologies are analyzed. Laparoscopic operations with original technique have been performed at all the patients with various cysts sizes (from 3 to 13 cm across diameter) and localization (including 12 cases of peripelvic cysts). The time of surgery ranged 25 to 110 min (43 min on average); there were no conversions to open surgery, intraoperative and postoperative complications. The follow-up ranged from 1 to 3 years, there were no cases of cyst recurrence, and the functional and cosmetic results were excellent. It is concluded that laparoscopic method should be regarded as gold standard for the treatment of non-parasitic kidneys cysts at children that permits to achieve the stable positive results regardless of patient age, size and localization of cyst.

Problems of assessment of life quality of children with benign hematological diseases (hereditary microspheric anemia, thalassemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy are discussed. The standard SF-36 scale was used before and after endoscopic surgery. It is demonstrated that after reasonable laparoscopic splenectomy almost all parameters of life quality are improved. Improvement of physical parameters argues for small surgical trauma and slight postoperative period after laparoscopic splenectomy.

Treatment results of 130 patients aged 1 to 16 years with benign hematological diseases (congenital microspheric anemia--93 patients, thalassemia--18, severe idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura--19) who has undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to concomitant cholelithiasis. Optimization of surgical techniques permitted to achieve excellent functional and cosmetic results, to reduce operation time to 35-110 min (64.67+/-10.07 min on average), volume of hemorrhage to 30-110 ml (62.91+/-14.46 ml on average), to avoid intraoperative and postoperative complications. It is concluded that laparoscopy is the method of choice for the treatment of children with benign hematological diseases required splenectomy despite the age of child, spleen size, including the children with severe disorders of hemostasis system.

Experience in the treatment of 5 children aged 6 months to 14 years with different types of aganglionosis of the colon using laparoscopic endorectal bringing down of the colon (like Coabe surgery) is analyzed. In all the cases this method permitted mobilization and resection of the intestine (to 60 cm), bringing down intact intestine on the perineum with simultaneous coloanal anastomosis. Duration of the surgery ranged from 120 to 240 min, postoperative hospital stay did not exceed 8 days. Functional and cosmetic results were excellent. The method is characterized by combination of advantages of classical Coabe operation with minimal surgical trauma of laparoscopic mobilization of the colon.