به منظور ارزیابی تأثیر محلول پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی بر عملکرد کمّی و کیفی گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.)، آزمایشی به صورت طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 85-1384 در مزرعه آموزشی- پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل انجام شد. تیمارها شامل محلول پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی سولفات روی با غلظت سه در هزار، سکوسترن 183 آهن با غلظت چهار در هزار، اسید بوریک با غلظت دو در هزار، ترکیبات دوتایی آنها و عدم مصرف کود (شاهد) بودند. محلول پاشی در دو مرحله قبل از گلدهی و بعد از گرده افشانی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بین تیمارها از نظر ارتفاع بوته، عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک، وزن هزار دانه، شاخص برداشت و درصد پروتئین و روغن تفاوت معنی داری وجود داشت، اما تعداد دانه در طبق تحت تأثیر محلول پاشی قرار نگرفت. بیشترین عملکرد دانه، ارتفاع بوته و وزن هزار دانه به تیمار آهن و بیشترین تعداد طبق بارور در بوته، درصد پروتئین به تیمار روی و بیشترین درصد روغن به تیمار ترکیبی روی و آهن تعلق داشت. بنابراین، می توان نتیجه گرفت که استفاده از عناصر ریزمغذی سبب افزایش ویژگی های کمّی و کیفی گلرنگ در منطقه مورد آزمایش می گردد.

Fanaei , H. R., M. Galavi, M. Kafi, A. Ghanbari Bonjar, and A. H.Shirani-Rad 2009. Effect of potassium fertilizer and irrigation levels on grain yield and water use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) species. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 11 (3): 271-289 (in Persian). To study the effect of potassium fertilizer under different irrigation levels on grain yield and water use efficiency of two rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and Indian mustard ( Brassica juncea L.) a field experiment was conducted in a factorial experiment using randomized complete block with three replications at Zahak field station, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Sistan in 2007-2008 cropping season. Three irrigation levels including (S1=irrigation after 50 percentage depletion of soil water (control), S2 =irrigation after 70 percentage depletion of soil water and S3 =irrigation after 90 percentage depletion of soil water), two Brassica species (Hyola401 Hybrid and a landrace of Indian mustard) and three levels of potassium fertilizer (K0=0 ,K1=150 and K2= 250 kg.ha K2SO4) comprised the experimental factors. Results showed that the effects of irrigation levels, Brassica species and potassium fertilizer on grain yield, number of silique.plant, number of grain.silique, number of aborted silique. Plant, 1000 grain weight and water use efficiency was significant. Considering grain yield and water use efficiency Hyola401 performed better than Indian mustard landrace by 17% and 15%, respectively. Production efficiency of rapeseed was higher in this experimental condition. With increasing stress intensity, grain yield reduced and water use efficiency increased significantly. Grain yield in severe water stress treatment (S3 ) was 27% lower than the control (S1), however, water use efficiency increased by 16%. Increasing water use efficiency reduced water used in S2 and S3 treatments by 7% and 39% as compared with control (S1). With increasing potassium application rate, negative effect of water stress on grain yield was ameliorated and grain yield improved. Application of 250 kg.ha of potassium increased grain yield and water use efficiency by 21% and 22%, respectively. Interaction of irrigation × potassium application was significant for grain yield, water use efficiency and number of aborted silique.plant, but not for the other traits. The results also showed that in S3 treatment differences between lowest grain yield at K0 and highest grain yield at K2 was 779 kg.ha which was 52% greater than the control. Results of this study showed that potassium application can positively affect grain yield and water use efficiency of rapeseed in severe and mild stress conditions. It is concluded that potassium application was effective on plant growth and formation of economic yield in conditions of Sistan region by ameliorating damages caused due to water stress.