The results of research and analysis of electromagnetic and thermal processes taking place in an induction motor are presented. Information is presented on the creation of a design model of an auxiliary induction motor with various parameters according to the Goldberg method and the procedure for selecting the option with the best electromechanical characteristics is described. The main factors influencing the calculation methods, taking into account the aging rate, temperature and distribution of the temperature field, are determined, as well as the service life of the insulation. The research has made it possible to develop and apply 3D models of electromagnetic processes using special programs, interactively without describing complex vector equations of field theory, while using the ongoing thermal processes. The cumulative effect of temperature and humidity factors on the insulation service life under various influences of aggressive media has been determined as well. A comparison of the characteristics of the real induction motor (IM), the model IM and the one calculated according to the standard methodology made it possible to calculate the error taking into account the correction factor relative to the data used in the calculation methods of assessment, and to use this value in new calculation and modeling methods. The proposed 3D models of electromagnetic and thermal processes taking place in asynchronous motors make it possible to evaluate the efficiency of an electric machine; improve the design taking into account the criteria of electrical steel throughput and winding temperature; they also create prerequisites for more accurate forecasts when assessing the insulation residual life based on temperature fields.

The article considers promising areas for solving problems of energy and resource conservation, as well as issues of rational use of natural and secondary resources generated in industrial and communal activities. The aspects of research and development of technological options for the use of various wastes based on multicomponent compositions of solid fuels as alternative energy sources are presented. Also presented are the main stages of the developed and applied technologies for briquetting and incineration of multicomponent mixtures based on various combustible waste. The developed algorithm for solving the problem under consideration which makes it possible to rationally use substandard combustible industrial municipal waste to obtain multicomponent solid fuel that meets the quality criteria for energy and environmental indicators is reviewed. The results of the applied research directly related to the qualitative assessment of multicomponent briquetted fuels and facilitating achievement of the best production and consumer indicators values of energy quality and environmental friendliness are presented.

The development of a technology for the regeneration of used asphalt concrete coatings is presented, provided that industrial wastes are used and environmentally friendly asphalt concrete coatings are obtained. For research, the technology of dispersing and mixing the waste was chosen to achieve its homogeneity and activation of the mixture in order to increase the physicochemical interaction with binders. It was shown that heavy metals contained in waste and in asphalt granulate are reliably blocked in materials based on organohydraulic binders (OHB), their migration to the environment is significantly reduced. With the optimum content of bitumen emulsion and cement, the effect of maximum structural strength of the road building material and maximum fixation of heavy metal ions is observed. The proposed technical solutions are supported with theoretical calculations and allow environmental-friendly regeneration of asphalt concrete pavements.

In Belarus oil refining and oil producing industries are paid close attention. On the background of the active maintaining the level of oil processing and volume of oil extraction in our country and in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union there is a steady formation of hydrocarbon-containing waste; therefore recycling of the latter is an urgent task to improve the competitiveness of production. The most cost-effective way of using hydrocarbon waste is the conversion of it into power resources. In this case it is possible to obtain significant power-saving and economic effect of the combined use of a hydrocarbon, wood, agricultural and other combustible waste, meanwhile improving the ecological situation at the sites of waste storage and creating a solid fuel with the necessary energy and specified physical-and-chemical properties. A comprehensive solution of a recycling problem makes it possible to use as energy resources a lot of waste that has not found application in other technologies, to produce alternative multi-component fuel which structure meets environmental and energy requirement for local heating systems. In addition, the implementation of such technology will make it possible to reduce power consumption of enterprises of various kinds that consume fuel and will also increase the share of local fuels in the energy balance of a particular region.

The article presents modeling for investigation of aerodynamic processes on area sections (including a group of complex constructional works for different regimes of drop and wind streams and temperature conditions) and in complex constructional works (for different regimes of heating and ventilation). There were developed different programs for innovation problems solution in the field of heat and mass exchange in three-dimensional space of pres- sures-speeds-temperatures of оbjects. The field of uses of pneumobasic objects: construction and roof of tennis courts, hockey pitches, swimming pools , and also exhibitions’ buildings, circus buildings, cafes, aqua parks, studios, mobile objects of medical purposes, hangars, garages, construction sites, service sta- tions and etc. Advantages of such objects are the possibility and simplicity of multiple instal- lation and demolition works. Their large-scale implementation is determined by temperature- moisture conditions under the shells. Analytical and calculating researches, real researches of thermodynamic parameters of heat and mass exchange, multifactorial processes of air in pneumobasic objects, their shells in a wide range of climatic parameters of air (January – December) in the Republic of Belarus, in many geographical latitudes of many countries have shown that the limit of the possibility of optimizing wind loads, heat flow, acoustic effects is infinite (sports, residential, industrial, warehouse, the military-technical units (tanks, airplanes, etc.)). In modeling of convective flows in pneumobasic objects (part 1) there are processes with higher dynamic parameters of the air flow for the characteristic pneumobasic object, carried out the calculation of the velocity field, temperature, pressure at the speed of access of air through the inflow holes up to 5 m/sec at the moments of times (20, 100, 200, 400 sec). The calculation was performed using the developed mathematical model of convection processes, heat and mass exchange in unlimited space based on the laws of momentum conservation, continuity, thermal conduc- tivity and the boundary conditions for pneumobasic objects which allow analyze, calculate thermal, convection streams in three-dimensional space (part 1 (2014,No4)).

The paper presents an analysis of several variants of energy-efficient solutions for hot water supply systems in Minsk buildings that ensure significant reduction of energy for hot water supply in comparison with the existing level. The different systems have been considered as technical facilities for usage of solar energy and secondary heat sources and which are based on heat recovery of “grey” waste water, solar collector, photoelectric transducer, heat pump. Comparative analysis of the considered variants shows economic efficiency of waste water heat utilizers. An advantage of such system is in its all-year round usage in comparison with a solar collector. The second variant that is a combination of waste water heat utilizer and a solar collector that increases energy saving but it requires the increase of capital expenses. The third variant completely covers expenses of heat energy which is necessary for hot water supply. It is neces-sary to attract attention to the fact that expenses in the first two variants are close to the required ones but values of the third variant may significantly exceed the reliable level. The paper contains analytical material of Belarusian and Vietnamese researchers who were actively involved in implementation of the joint Belarusian-Vietnamese project “Usage of Renewable Power Sources in Physical-Mathematical Model of Heat Regime of Energy-Efficient House” (Project code: VAST. HTQT. Belarus. 03/2012–2013).

The paper presents that modification of binding matrices with the help of dispersions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) makes it possible to increase physical and mechanical properties of building composites.

A computer modeling process of three-dimensional forced convection proceeding from computation of thermodynamic parameters of pneumo basic buildings (pneumo supported structures) is presented. The mathematical model of numerical computation method of temperature and velocity fields, pressure profile in the object is developed using the package Solid works and is provided by grid methods on specified software. Special Navier–Stokes, Clapeyron–Mendeleev, continuity and thermal-conductivity equations are used to calculate parameters in the building with four supply and exhaust channels. Differential equations are presented by algebraic equation systems, initial-boundary conditions are changed by differential conditions for mesh functions and their solutions are performed by algebraic operations. In this article the following is demonstrated: in pneumo basic buildings convective and heat flows are identical structures near the surfaces in unlimited space, but in single-multiply shells (envelopes)circulation lines take place, geometrical sizes of which depend on thermal-physical characteristics of gas(air)in envelopes, radiation reaction with heated surfaces of envelopes with sphere, earth surface, neighboring buildings. Natural surveys of pneumo-basic buildings of different purposes were carried out in Minsk, in different cities of Belarus and Russia, including temperature fields of external and internal surfaces of air envelopes, relative humidity, thermal (heat)flows, radiation characteristics and others. The results of research work are illustrated with diagrams of temperature, velocity, density and pressure dependent on coordinates and time.

Considers the current key energy problem – the rational and efficient use of energy resources, and the possibility of its solution, based on the concept of intensive energy conservation. As a result, the way of primary energy consumption reduction in Belarus is provided. The initial situation in the frame of program of further improvement of energy consumption until 2030 is estimated. It is shown, that for Belarus the first place in energy saving measures takes the efficiency improvement of natural gas consumption, what allows reducing the investment and saving energy resources. The possibility of usage of waste energy flows of medium-and low-temperature from industrial and municipal enterprises are discussed. To realize the described possibilities, some changes of heat supply system of enterprises and plants are required. Changes in heat supply system of the industrial enterprises, related with usage of low-temperature waste energy flows in a thermal energy generation process for heating, require the installation of additional equipment in existing heat energy supply system, such as absorption heat pumps, which are easily joint and successfully work at boiler Houses as well as at CHP. The numerous examples of fuel consumption reduction via heat industrial waste and sewage usage are shown in this article. It must be emphasized, that such an expansion of energy-saving framework not only reduce the primary energy consumption by heat generating sources, but also significantly improves the conditions of the Belarusian electrical grid operation under the conditions of nuclear power plant commissioning. The existing technical framework, that ensured the proposed changes, is also taking into account.