Surgery is the main method of treatment of the patients with the uterine leiomyosarcoma. A standard extent of surgery is extirpation of the uterus without its appendages in the reproductive period or with uterine appendages in the postmenopause. The comparative analysis of the remote results of the treatment of the patients depending on the radicality of the performed surgery let to find out that the presence of the resid- ual tumor in the minor pelvis significantly worsens the course and the prognosis of the disease in the patients with the uterine leiomyosarco- ma. The adjuvant therapy is worth using for the prophylaxis of the distant metastasizing in the patients with the uterine leiomyosarcoma in the presence the poor prognosis factors. The postoperative radiotherapy of the patients is ineffective due to the low radio sensitivity of the tumor. The poor prognosis factors are: postmenopause, age over 60 years, the presence of the residual tumor, invasion depth more than half of the myometrium, invasion of the tumor up to the tunica serosa uteri, tumor size more than 5 cm, tumor necroses, low grade of the tumor differ- entiation, mitoses rate more than 10 in 10 view fields. The vital prognosis of the patients with the distant metastases depends on their charac- ter. In case of solitary metastases — the prognosis is favorable, in patients with the multiple metastases the prognosis worsens essentially.

This review contains data on an aetiology, features of a clinical presentations and modern approaches in diagnostics and treatment of ovarian carcinosarcomas.

Leiomyomas predominate among benign nonepithelial tumors of the corpus uteri. According to the data available in the literature, they occur in 25% of women above 35 years of age and constitute 33% of all gynecological diseases. Leimyoma is commonly an asymptomatic tumor and detectable in most cases at routine gynecological examinations. However, some forms of leiomyomas have a definite metastatic potential and, despite its benign morphological signs, may metastasize to the lung. Fatal cases resulting from tumor spread along the postcava to the right atrium are described.

The review of literature describes the etiology and clinical features of sarcomas of the cervix uteri and current approaches to their diagnosis and treatment.

In the last decade, accumulated evidence in favor of that ovarian cancer is an immunogenic tumor. Immunotherapy is aimed at stimulating the innate and adaptive immunity, may cause an effective response in patients with ovarian cancer. Various approaches immunotherapy include cytokinetherapy, use of monoclonal antibodies and cell therapy.

The review describes the etiology and clinical features of ovarian sarcomas and current approaches applied to their diagnosis and treatment.

Malignant pericardial effusions often arise in patients with breаst cancer and ovarian cancer. Sistem antitumor therapy is uneffective in gen- erally and causes side effects. Here we show that intrapericardial interleukin-2 with allogenеc lymphokine-activated killers and interleukin-2 immunotherapy demonstrated the high efficacy in threatment of breаst and ovarian cancer patients with malignant pericardial effusions. The objective effect was 92.3 % аnd 90.0 % accordingly. These results indicates that intrapericardial immunotherapy might be one of the stages of combined treatment of such group of patients. The suggested type of biotherapy increases the survival and life quality of patients.

The results of treatment were studied in 95 patients with local recurrences of uterine sarcomas, who had been treated at the N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center in 1972 to 2010. Two patient groups were comparatively analyzed after surgical and conservative (chemo- and radiotherapy) treatments. Overall survival was found to be significantly higher in the group of patients who had undergone surgical treatment.

More and more data suggest that ovarian cancer (OC) is an immunogenic tumor. Clinical trials dealing with immunotherapy based on activated natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DC) are under way. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) from both peripheral blood and lymph nodes (LN) are proposed to be used as a source of immunity effectors. This paper characterizes peripheral blood and LN effector cells in patients with OC. The peripheral blood displayed T cell subpopulations: T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and NK cells. LN showed virtually no expression of NK cell antigens, but exhibited the expression of markers of DC and T regulatory cells at the same time. The cytotoxic activity of MNCs against autologous tumor cells was higher than that against the K562 cell line. OC tissue samples were observed to contain low tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte counts.

In the last decade, accumulated evidence in favor of that ovarian cancer is an immunogenic tumor. Immunotherapy is aimed at stimulating the innate and adaptive immunity, may cause an effective response in patients with ovarian cancer. Various approaches immunotherapy include cytokinetherapy, use of monoclonal antibodies and cell therapy.

The results of treatment were studied in 95 patients with local recurrences of uterine sarcomas, who had been treated at the N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center in 1972 to 2010. Two patient groups were comparatively analyzed after surgical and conservative (chemo- and radiotherapy) treatments. Overall survival was found to be significantly higher in the group of patients who had undergone surgical treatment.

The paper describes data of 510 elderly (aged 60 to 74 years), senile (75 years and older) and younger (18 to 45 years) women with verified cervical cancer undergoing surgery, radiation or combined modality treatment. Types and frequency of complications following treatment were analyzed. Elderly and senile patients with cervical cancer developed complications more frequently after radiation and combined modality treatment, while younger patients had more complications following irradiation.

Surgery is the main treatment method for patients with endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS).The standard surgery for low grade ESS includes the extended uterine extirpation with adnexa. Combination of surgery with radiation therapy results in increase in the 5-and 10-year survival rates by 10%. Addition of chemotherapy demonstrates improved long-term treatment results only for patients with non-differentiated ESS. For patients with non-differentiated uterine sarcomas, it is advisable to perform extended uterine extirpation with adnexa and complete removal of the great omentum. Chemoradiation therapy in postoperative period results in 2-fold increase in life span of these patients. The main factors of unfavorable prognosis are the following: non-differentiated tumor, extrauterine involvement, deep myometrial invasion, evidence of necrosis in the tumor and age over 50 years.

16024 Background: Uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare malignant tumor. Preoperative diagnosis is established only in 13.5% patients at our center. Currently, the main method of treatment of LMS is surgery. The efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy are questionable. So, the aim of our study is to establish the optimal treatment modalities and prognostic indicators for this tumor. Methods: A retrospective chart review was done to 163 patients with LMS treated at the NNBRCRC from 1970 to 2002. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to determine the most important prognostic indicators for LMS. Surgical treatment, as independent method, was performed to 108 patients (66.3 %). Combined treatment, including surgery and postoperative chemotherapy was performed to 30 patients (18.4 %), surgery + radiotherapy - 12 (7.4 %) patients. Complex treatment (surgery + chemotherapy + radiotherapy) was performed to 11 (6.7 %) patients. Results: Histologically, LMS is the most common (41,4%) among all sarcomas of female genital tract. Immunohistochemistry and electronmicroscopy play a major role in establishing the diagnosis. 5 year overall and disease - free survival of patients with LMS is 48.5± 4.2% and 44.3 ± 4.3 %, respectively. We observed association between ovarian preservation and improved survival: overall 5 year survival in patients with ovarian preservation and those who underwent oophorectomy is 87.3 ± 8.4 % and 49.0 ± 5.3 %, respectively (p<0,05). On the basis of multivariate analysis we determined the following prognostic indicators, affecting the outcome of patients with LMS: disease stage, mitotic index, tumor cell necrosis, depth of tumor invasion in myometrium, tumor size, age, menstrual status of the patients and optimal surgery. Conclusions: According to our data, the optimal surgery for LMS is total abdominal hysterectomy in the reproductive age and total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in the postmenopausal period. The most favorable prognostic indicators are: patient age younger than 30, I stage of disease, tumor size less than 10 cm, less than 10 mitotic figures per 10 high - power fields, submucosal or subserosal location of well-differentiated tumor. No significant financial relationships to disclose.