The article presents the results of experimental study of the light strengthened endoprosthesis on rabbits of chinchilla specie at onlay and sublay implantation in the abdominal wall tissues. There was done morphological study of abdominal tissue samples with implanted material. The area of cellular infiltrate located around the threads of endoprosthesis in cellular layer of the capsule, and area of newly formed connective tissue capsule were investigated. Cellular index was calculated as the ratio of the histiocytic cells to the inflammatory infiltrate cells. In the result of the study authors prove that at early periods the more rapid stopping of inflammatory changes and formation of the connective tissue capsule take place around endoprosthesis at sublay implanting, while at later periods reparative response does not depend on arrangement option of prosthesis.

Существующие данные о развитии инфекционных осложнений, таких как серомы, гематомы, нагноение послеоперационной раны, после герниопластики послужили мощным стимулом для разработки новых сетчатых эндопротезов с антибактериальным покрытием. Одним из перспективных и наиболее эффективных направлений является применение нанобиотехнологий. Экспериментальное исследование было выполнено на 360 крысах-самцах линии Wistar c использованием новых сетчатых эндопротезов для герниопластики с антибактериальным покрытием из наночастиц серебра. Достоверно доказана (p ≤ 0,05) чувствительность 6 различных тест-штаммов микроорганизмов к действию серебра. Установлено, что характер влияния антибактериального покрытия из наночастиц серебра на рост тест-штаммов E. сoli и S. aureus и выраженность биоцидного эффекта прямо пропорционально зависят от срока действия антисептика. Неоспоримо определенный интерес представляют полученные нами данные об антимикробных свойствах новых сетчатых эндопротезов для герниопластики и могут быть использованы в общей хирургии и в частности в герниологии, а также при изучении микробиологии и оперативной хирургии.

The results of the pilot study meshes Uniflekslight, PVDF -M and Ultrapro tissue when implanted in the abdominal wall of the experimental animals. There have been a morphological examination of samples of the abdominal wall rabbit with an implanted material. The resultant preparations were assessed by standard histological criteria detailing the layer of subcutaneous fat, fascia and muscle tissue in terms of their reaction to the grid. Calculated cell index, representing the ratio of a number of histiocytic cells to the cells of the inflammatory infiltrate. The study revealed that during the experiment up to 90 days in the Ultrapro groups, and PVDF -M during the wound healing process was dominated by inflammatory changes, manifested lymphocyte-macrophage infiltration of tissues. Under Unifleks light relief of inflammatory changes and stabilization of the tissue reaction to the implant were observed as early as 30 days of the experiment.

В статье представлены результаты экспериментального исследования эндопротезов Эсфил стандартный, Унифлекс стандартный, Эсфил легкий, Ультра-Про при имплантации в ткани брюшной стенки экспериментальных животных. По данным макроскопического анализа установлено, что при имплантации стандартных эндопротезов Эсфил и Унифлекс отмечается полное прорастание и формирование полноценной соединительно-тканной капсулы к 30 суткам эксперимента. В результате проведенных биомеханических испытаний наиболее эластичный комплекс, состоящий из эндопротеза и соединительнотканной капсулы, при измерении как вдоль петельного ряда, так и вдоль петельного столбика формировался в группах Унифлекс стандартный и Эсфил легкий. Результаты исследования показали, что все эндопротезы (стандартные, легкие и композитные) обладают различными физико-механическими свойствами. Эти различия могут определять характер течения раневого процесса после имплантации и качество образовавшейся соединительной ткани вокруг материалов. Таким образом, для профилактики осложнений, связанных с негативным влиянием эндопротеза на брюшную стенку, перспективным является использование материалов, способствующих формированию наиболее эластичной и наименее грубой соединительнотканной капсулы. К таким материалам можно отнести легкие варианты эндопротезов, а также имплантаты, изготовленные на основе поливинилиденфторида.

The article presents the results of the experimental study of the effect of standard (Uniflex standard), light-weight (Uniflex light) and composite (Ultrapro, PVDF -M) meshes on the muscles of various regions (anterior and lateral) of the abdominal wall. It has been estimated that the early muscular hypertrophy of fibers may develop after the implantation, and the late development of muscle atrophy and fibrosis. The changes were found not only in a repair spot, but also in the lateral regions of the abdominal wall having no meshes. It has been revealed that light-weight and composite meshes influenced less.

The analysis of complex clinical and ultrasound investigation of 40 women suffered from the large-sized ventral hernias and abdominal wall ptosis followed by the surgical treatment has been accomplished. All patients were selected into two groups consisting of 20. The patients from the first group had had anterior abdominal wall endoprosthesis, whereas in the second group the patients had had the additional lifting of the muscular-aponeurotic tissues of the hypogastric area using polypropylene endoprosthesis. The patients from the second group increased the physical health component as much as 1.8, and psychological health component 2.5 times.

Investigations of hemostasis, antiadhesive properties and biological inertia of new materials Sample №1, Sample №2 and Sample №3regsrding relatively common materials collagen hemostatic sponge, Biatravm, Surgicel and Surgicel Nu-Knitwere made. In vitro experiments were carried out in 98 cases with native blood of 14 donors-volunteers at device Elektrokoagulograf H-334. Studying of the properties of materials in vivo were carried out on 64 rats and 42 rabbits. The results showed that the maximal hemostatic activity and biological inertness of hemostasis Sample №1 and Sample №2, and indicators of material Sample №3 are comparable to the hemostatic properties of preparations collagen hemostatic sponge and Biatravm. The experiment proved that the new materials Sample №1, Sample №2 and Sample №3 have expressed antiadhesive activity.

The article sums up the results of experimental study of polypropylene mesh Esfil implanted into the abdominal wall igetting in touch with aseptic and infected urine. The experimental investigation has shown that the contact leads to prolongation of inflammation phase in 2 times and contact with infected urine in 4 times. However at late terms in comparison with the use of mesh Esfil without contact to urine authentic difference was not found. This suggests the possibility of preventive plasty of the abdominal wall with endoprosthesis after operations on organs of the urinary system.

In this article we present the results of investigations of hemostatic activity of new application hemostatic drugs (hemostatic sponge, Biatravm, Ferrobiatravm, Resorb-2, Ferroresorb-2, polypropylene mesh Russia, Surgicel, Surgicel nu-knit USA) and those of morphologic changes in abdominal cavity after implanting the drugs on injured surface of liver and spleen. They were studied in experiments in vitro on biological tissue of the human body (native blood) and in vivo on dogs. Hemostatic effect of drugs was analyzed according to the data of coagulogram. Hemostatic sponge, Biatravm, Resorb-2, Ferroresorb-2, and Surgicel nu-knit had the maximum hemostatic effect. The tissue reaction on implantation of drugs was studied macroscopically and on histological studies of hepatic and splenic tissues by light microscopy. Optimal correlations of hemostatic effect and tissue reaction were revealed in using Biatravm.