The study objective is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the original and non-original sevoflurane during urological operations in children. Materials and methods . Patients of urological profile 3—6 years old without comorbid pathology underwent surgery lasting no more than 40 min under inhalation anesthesia: in group 1 — original sevoflurane (n = 11), group 2 — non-original sevoflurane (n = 11). The depth of anesthesia was evaluated using bispectral index monitoring. Results. In the group of non-original sevoflurane, the excitation syndrome before the beginning of anesthesia and in its introductory period was noted in 54.5 and 72.7 % respectively, the reaction to the introduction of a laryngeal mask — in 36.4 % of patients in the absence of these reactions in the group of the original drug. There was a higher depth of anesthesia in non-original drug with the achievement of statistically significant differences in the indicator at 15 and 20 min: 44 (42; 46) vs 50 (49; 54; p = 0.0001) and 42 (40; 46) vs 50 (47; 56; p = 0.003) respectively, as well unstable level of depth of anesthesia of the group of non-original sevoflurane compared to the original during the period of maintaining anesthesia. Conclusion. Despite the same formula of the original and non-original sevoflurane, the non-original drug was characterized by a greater frequency of excitation syndrome and reaction to the introduction of a laryngeal mask and unstable depth of anesthesia.

Infusion therapy is the main element of treatment of critical illness; at that, it is critical not only to eliminate hypovolemia, but also to prevent fluid overload. The purpose of the study was to identify predictors of a lethal outcome due to the peculiarities of infusion therapy and fluid balance in critically-ill children. Materials and methods. The study included 96 children admitted to the pediatric ICU. The average age of the children was 0.7 (0.2–2) years. Depending on the outcome, all patients were divided into two groups: I — «Recovery», II — «Lethal outcome». The daily volume of administered fluid, the volume of infusion therapy, the volume of pathological losses and fluid balance were estimated. Results. On the first day of therapy, parameters related to the volume of administered fluid were main factors that increased the probability of a lethal outcome; then mortality was associated with parameters related to the volume of discharged fluid. The volume of discharged fluid less than 20% of the administered volume increased the risk of a lethal outcome by 12-fold; the increase in the volume of fluid loss to 80% of the administered one contributed to a significant reduction in the risk of children's death. Conclusion. Positive fluid balance due to reduced volume of the discharged liquid is a major risk factor of a lethal outcome in children.

Infusion therapy is the main element of treatment of critical illness; at that, it is critical not only to eliminate hypovolemia, but also to prevent fluid overload. The purpose of the study was to identify predictors of a lethal outcome due to the peculiarities of infusion therapy and fluid balance in critically-ill children. Materials and methods. The study included 96 children admitted to the pediatric ICU. The average age of the children was 0.7 (0.2–2) years. Depending on the outcome, all patients were divided into two groups: I — «Recovery», II — «Lethal outcome». The daily volume of administered fluid, the volume of infusion therapy, the volume of pathological losses and fluid balance were estimated. Results. On the first day of therapy, parameters related to the volume of administered fluid were main factors that increased the probability of a lethal outcome; then mortality was associated with parameters related to the volume of discharged fluid. The volume of discharged fluid less than 20% of the administered volume increased the risk of a lethal outcome by 12-fold; the increase in the volume of fluid loss to 80% of the administered one contributed to a significant reduction in the risk of children's death. Conclusion. Positive fluid balance due to reduced volume of the discharged liquid is a major risk factor of a lethal outcome in children.