The paper describes the procedure of cadastral works of the identification of contaminated territories; the types and efficiency of measures of rehabilitation in order to reduce the contamination by 137Cs production to the appropriate level of sanitary and hygienic standards. On the example of the collective farms of the Krasnogorsk district of the Bryansk region (in which sandy, loamy, gley and peat soils dominate) affected by the Chernobyl accident, the assessment of cadastral estimation of agricultural lands contaminated with radionuclides is carried out. Cadastral estimation of arable lands, hayfields and pastures used for agricultural production is calculated. The cadastral value of agricultural land contaminated with radionuclides is calculated for arable land with crop zone rotation (grain, potatoes, annual grasses) and sections of hay-pasture use (perennial grasses). Studies are conducted both in local level (individual farms) and regional (the all area). It is shown, that cadastral estimation of agricultural land changes as follows: arable lands from 23 to 59 thousand rub/ha, hayfields and pastures from 75 to 86 thousand rub/ha in dependence on contamination levels of 137Cs and soil characteristics. The results of this research can be used by agriculture, cadastral engineer and investment-governmental companies operating in the field of agro-industrial complex on the contaminated areas.

The methodology and procedure for cadastral valuation of land in the areas contaminated with radionuclides are presented. The efficiency of rehabilitation measures applied to decrease crop contamination to the levels satisfying sanitary-hygienic norms is discussed. The differentiation of cadastral value of radioactively contaminated agricultural lands for the particular farms and land plots is suggested. An example of cadastral valuation of agricultural land contaminated during the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident is given. It is shown that the use of sandy and loamy sandy soddy-podzolic soils with the 137 Cs contamination of 37–185 and >185 kBq/m 2 for crop growing is unfeasible. The growing of grain crops and potatoes on clay loamy soddy-podzolic soils with the 137 Cs contamination of 555–740 kBq/m 2 is unprofitable. The maximum cadastral value of radioactively contaminated lands is typical of leached chernozems.

The paper describes the procedure of cadastral works of the identification of contaminated territories; the types and efficiency of measures of rehabilitation in order to reduce the contamination by 137Cs production to the appropriate level of sanitary and hygienic standards. On the example of the collective farms of the Krasnogorsk district of the Bryansk region (in which sandy, loamy, gley and peat soils dominate) affected by the Chernobyl accident, the assessment of cadastral estimation of agricultural lands contaminated with radionuclides is carried out. Cadastral estimation of arable lands, hayfields and pastures used for agricultural production is calculated. The cadastral value of agricultural land contaminated with radionuclides is calculated for arable land with crop zone rotation (grain, potatoes, annual grasses) and sections of hay-pasture use (perennial grasses). Studies are conducted both in local level (individual farms) and regional (the all area). It is shown, that cadastral estimation of agricultural land changes as follows: arable lands from 23 to 59 thousand rub/ha, hayfields and pastures from 75 to 86 thousand rub/ha in dependence on contamination levels of137Cs and soil characteristics. The results of this research can be used by agriculture, cadastral engineer and investment-governmental companies operating in the field of agro-industrial complex on the contaminated areas.

Radioactive contamination and subsequent exclusion of the agricultural land from the economic use and relocation of the population had as a consequence some social, economic, ecological and radiological problems. To date, the radiation situation in the abandoned areas has changed. Part of temporary excluded lands can be used for different economic purposes. The present paper provides information on the current radiological status of the abandoned areas and results from testing of the remediation technologies of agricultural lands.

Results of a 2-year greenhouse experiment have shown, that fertilizers differently effect on spring wheat productivity and heavy metals accumulation in the plant. Contaminated with Cd, Zn и Сu soddy-podzolic soil shown 10-45% lower wheat yield, compared with the soil without heavy metals. Zn effects more negative on growth and formation of wheat yield, especially in a variant with NPK-amended soil. In the second year, the effect is the same. Suprodit-amended Cd, Cu and Zn contaminated soil showed a 1,4-2,0 lower uptake of heavy metals in the plant than NPK and nitrophosphate-amended soils in the first year and a 1,4-2,2 - in the second year.

In the field experiments on soddy-podzolic sandy soil contaminated as a result of the ChNPP accident the effectiveness of both separate and combined application of lime, potassic and organic fertilizers in decreasing 137Cs accumulation in crop yield has been demonstrated. It was revealed that the radiocaesium transfer to crop products can be controlled by selecting crop species with different radionuclide accumulation ability. The technology of tillage was found to reduce radionuclide concentration in the yield by up to 2 times. The problems of optimization of cereal crop protection on radioactive contaminated areas are considered. The advisability of using the method of presowing seeds incrustation by biologically active substances has been shown which makes possible stabilization of the phytosanitary situation and thus reducing pesticide application. In this case the yield gain and minimization of radiocaesium transfer to products is achieved.

When radiation accidents occure, accompanied by releases of radioactive substences into the environment and arable land contamination, the radionuclide intake to agroindustrial products results in an additional source of irradiation for man. For the decrease in radionuclide content in agricultural products a complex of countermeasures in plant and animal production should be carried out. The results from the investigations performed indicate that quarantined obtaining of high quality plant products may be achieved by optimisation of crop cultivation technology when qualitatively implementing all the agrotechnical operations and introducing the techniques facilitating the decrease of radionuclide transfer to plants. The use of agricultural ameliorants (vermiculite, bentonite), capable of non-exchanging radoinuclide absorption in soils, reduces the Cs accumulation in yield from 1,5 to 3 times. This technique should be introduced when improving grass stands of forage lands on peaty soils where, due to low content of clay minerals, accumulation of radionuclides in grass yield is by a factor of 3-4 higher than on soddypodzolic soils. The decline in the radionuclide concentration in plant products (up to 3 fold) is achieved by a combined application of potash fertilisers and lime materials, especially on soils with low availability of exchangeble potassium and calcium. When cultivating agricultural crops in crop rotations, the soil treatment technology reduces the concentration of radionuclides in plant products. Deep boardless ploughning of soddy-podzolic sandy soils leads to the redistribution of up to 20% of Cs beyond the ploughning horizon resulting in a two-fold decrease in radionuclide transfer to yield. One of the most resultative economically inexpensive techniques on arable and forage lands under conditions of radioactive contamination is a selection of the most productive crop species and varieties showing the minimum radionuclide accumulation. Specific distinction in Cs accumulation may reach from 2 to 45 times. Variety distinction are less and

Results are presented from studies concerning the behavior of the Chernobyl-derived radionuclides Cs-137 and Sr-90 in soil-plant agricultural systems in the Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia during 1991. The sites, representing ploughed and natural pastures, were located at varying distances between 50 and 650 km and varying directions from the Chernobyl reactor site. The Cs-137 activity concentrations in the upper 0-5 cm soil layer ranged from 25-1,000 kBq m(-2) and were higher in natural pastures as compared to ploughed pastures. For Sr-90, activity levels ranged from 1.4-40 kBq m(-2), and the highest Sr-90 deposition was observed in the Gomel Region, Belarus. The highest Sr-90:Cs-137 ratio was also observed in the Gomel soils, i.e., 15% as compared to between 0.72 and 7.4% in the other soils. The mobility of radionuclides was studied by means of sequential extraction. For all soils, between 60 and 95% of the Cs-137 was found to be strongly bound to soil components. In the Russian and Ukrainian soils, between 40 and 98% of the Sr-90 was found in the easily extractable fractions, and the distribution of Cs-137 and Sr-90 followed that of the naturally occurring stable isotopes of cesium and strontium. However, in the Gomel soils, between 20 and 50% of the Sr-90 was easily extractable and the distribution of Sr-90 within the extraction fractions did not follow that observed for stable strontium. These results are thought to reflect the association of Sr-90 with fuel particles deposited in the Gomel Region. The mobility of Sr-90 is expected to increase with time (as the particles weather) in these soils.

Results are presented from studies concerning the behavior of the Chernobyl-derived radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr in soil-plant agricultural systems in the Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia during 1991. The sites, representing ploughed and natural pastures, were located at varying distances between 50 and 650 km and varying directions from the Chernobyl reactor site. The 137Cs activity concentrations in the upper 0-5 cm soil layer ranged from 25-1,000 kBq m-2 and were higher in natural pastures as compared to ploughed pastures. For 90Sr, activity levels ranged from 1.4-40 kBq m-2, and the highest 90Sr deposition was observed in the Gomel Region, Belarus. The highest 90Sr: 137Cs ratio was also observed in the Gomel soils, i.e., 15% as compared to between 0.72 and 7.4% in the other soils. The mobility of radionuclides was studied by means of sequential extraction. For all soils, between 60 and 95% of the 137Cs was found to be strongly bound to soil components. In the Russian and Ukrainian soils, between 40 and 98% of the 90Sr was found in the easily extractable fractions, and the distribution of 137Cs and 90Sr followed that of the naturally occurring stable isotopes of cesium and strontium. However, in the Gomel soils, between 20 and 50% of the 90Sr was easily extractable and the distribution of 90Sr within the extraction fractions did not follow that observed for stable strontium. These results are thought to reflect the association of 90Sr with fuel particles deposited in the Gomel Region. The mobility of 90Sr is expected to increase with time (as the particles weather) in these soils.