On a culture of human peripheral blood lymphocytes, antimutagenic activity of a composition from extracts of green tea leaves and Caucasian persimmon fruits was established with a modification of the mutation process induced by chemical compounds producing an alkylating effect (nitrosomethylurea and sodium fluoride). A concentration dependence of the antimutagenic efficiency of the studied phytocomposite was shown. The highest antimutagenic efficiency was observed when a combination of green tea extract at a concentration of 0.01 μg/ml and persimmon fruit extract at a concentration of 0.001 μg/ml were used. Moreover, this combination was most effective against mutations induced by both nitrosomethylurea and sodium fluoride: the antimutagen efficiency factor was 0.53 and 0.55, respectively.

We performed a complex morphological study of biopsy samples of prostate gland from 30 men (mean age 46±11 years) with chronic abacterial prostatitis who were exposed unfavorable anthropogenic factors. The ultrastructural heterogeneity of smooth muscle cells was shown, among which cells with destructive changes in organelles predominated, solitary cells with signs of secretory function were revealed. Most endothelial cells in microvessels were characterized by low pinocytotic activity, destruction of organelles; focal hyperplastic ultrastructural changes were noted in some endotheliocytes. Along with fibroblasts, the stroma contained single mast cells; no inflammatory infiltration was revealed. The results of the study attested to complex mechanisms of remodeling of the prostate gland stroma in chronic abacterial prostatitis involving microvessels, smooth muscle cells, and probably mast cells, which determines the development of degenerative, destructive, and fibrotic processes.

The aim of the investigation is to study the pathomorphological changes in the anterior vaginal wall in women with stress urinary incontinence, who received correction using an erbium laser Fotona. Material and methods. The complex pathomorphological analysis of the biopsy specimens of the vaginal mucosa (VM) in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) before and after exposure Er-YAG-laser was performed. Results. It is shown that the main signs of remodeling of VM during SUI are disorganization of fibrillar structures (collagen and elastic fibers) of the intercellular matrix, microcirculation disorders, dystrophic and atrophic changes in the epithelium. After application of laser technology IncontiLase in the VM, signs of stimulation of neocollagenogenesis and neoelastogenesis processes, enhancement of neoangiogenesis, replenishment of a population of synthetically active fibroblasts, increased proliferation (an increase in the index of Ki-67-positive epitheliocytes by 67 %) and improvement of the structure of the vaginal epithelium are revealed. Conclusion. The use of an Er-YAG laser in the correction of SUI in women potentiates the restoration of the morphofunctional organization of VM.

МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВЫХ ОРГАНОВ У МУЖЧИН ПРИ ВИБРАЦИОННОМ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИИЛапий Г.А. 1 , Абдуллаев Н.А. 1 , Молодых О

Immunohistochemical and morphometric analysis of the microcirculatory bed in the tumor and non-tumor parenchyma of the prostate was carried out with the use of endothelial cell marker CD34 in patients treated by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The numerical density of microvessels in the adenocarcinoma focus did not correlate with the degree of its differentiation, while high values of this parameter were associated with lower incidence of local progression after HIFU. Effective HIFU ablation led to progressive fibrosis and significant reduction of the microcirculatory bed in zones of intact non-tumor glands in control samples; an inverse relationship between the degree of reduction of the microcirculatory bed and the probability of relapse was revealed. The use of HIFU in combination with androgen deprivation was associated with a decrease in numerical density of microvessels in zones of tumor and non-tumor parenchyma in patients with relapses.

3 КГБУЗ Центральная городская больница, Бийск Изучены морфологические характеристики и особенности микроциркуляции предстательной железы у мужчин с хроническим простатитом, занятых на химическом производстве более пяти лет.Установлено, что ведущими признаками структурной реорганизации предстательной железы являются дистрофические и атрофические изменения желез, в некоторых случаях с образованием мелкоацинарных структур, множественные конкременты, фиброз стромы, микроциркуляторные нарушения и отсутствие маркеров воспаления.Ультраструктура простатического эпителия, эндотелия микрососудов и гладкомышечных клеток отражает дистрофически-дегенеративные изменения внутриклеточной организации и низкую функциональную активность.Особенности гемодинамики предстательной

ВЛИЯНИЕ ER:YAG-ЛАЗЕРА НА МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ СТЕНКИ ВЛАГАЛИЩА У ЖЕНЩИН СО СТРЕССОВЫМ НЕДЕРЖАНИЕМ МОЧИЛапий Г.А. 1 , Неймарк А

Проведен сравнительный анализ электрических потенциалов кожи лица и чувствительности пульпы зубов у здоровых испытуемых-добровольцев и больных с травмами верхней и нижней челюсти. Установлено значительное возрастание уровня потенциалов кожи до 20 % на стороне травмы. Степень различия в уровне потенциалов кожи в симметричных точках обусловлена выраженностью клинических проявлений и отражает характер течения патологического процесса при травматических повреждениях нерва. Показана сопряженность процессов восстановления проводимости тройничного нерва и снижения уровня электрических потенциалов кожи. Патоморфологический анализ изменений нижнего альвеолярного нерва при травматических повреждениях проведен в различные сроки после травмы. Преобладание процессов альтерации нервных волокон наиболее было выражено в период от 10 до 14 суток. Признаки репарации поврежденных структур обнаруживали спустя месяц после травмы. Оценка электрофизиологических показателей кожи лицевой области может служить дополнительным, атравматическим методом мониторинга проводимости периферических ветвей тройничного нерва в процессе реабилитации после травмы, что позволяет оценить нарушения функционирования тройничного нерва, не прибегая к неприятной для пациента процедуре.

Structural reorganization of the bladder mucosa in chronic cystitis and its correction by ozone therapy were studied. A relationship between the epithelial layer restructuring of different kinds (dystrophy, metaplasia, and degeneration), level of cell proliferation, and ultrastructural organization of urotheliocytes was detected. This complex of structural reactions was combined with dysregulation of tissue bloodflow in the bladder mucosa, shown by laser Doppler flowmetry. Positive structural changes were most marked in intravesical and less so in parenteral ozone therapy added to the therapeutic complex and manifested in reduction of inflammation and alteration in parallel with more intense reparative reactions. A special feature of parenteral ozone therapy was a significant improvement of microcirculation in the bladder mucosa.

Intracellular reorganization of secretory epitheliocytes in the main, intermediate, and periurethral prostatic glands was studied in chronic prostatitis under conditions of sexually-transmitted infections. The destructive and autophagic processes in the secretory epitheliocytes were stimulated by persistence of microorganisms, Mycoplasmataceae (mainly mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas) and Chlamydia trachomatis, in the prostatic terminal compartments, epithelial layer, and epitheliocytes. Significant intracellular reorganization of smooth-muscle cells was found: focal destruction of ultrastructures (mainly in the perinuclear zone) and lythic changes in the myofilaments (focal and diffuse).

The peculiarities of the prostate remodeling caused by long-term whole-body vibration were investigated. Vibrational prostatopathy was characterized by more incident and pronounced decrease in prostate size, blurred contours, and appearance of sites with changed density (fibrosis, calcification, cysts) in central and peripheral zones of the gland. Vibrogenic prostate remodeling is determined by marked reduction of microvessel and prostatic glands, particularly in the central (periurethral) part, smooth muscle cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and marked fibrosis of the stroma in the absence of inflammatory cellular infiltration. Morphological data describing reduction of microvessels in the prostate caused by whole-body vibration correlate with Doppler scanning data indicating reduced perfusion of the organ.

Structural modification of the urothelium was studied in various diseases of the urinary bladder and prostate, including urinary bladder cancer, vibration cystopathy, chronic prostatitis, benign prostate hyperplasia, and chronic cystitis. The general phenomena of changes in urinary bladder epithelium were atrophy, squamous metaplasia, and instability of the urothelium (focal atrophy, dysplasia, hyperplasia, and metaplasia). This phenomenon can be interpreted as a morphological marker for cancer risk.

Exposure to total and local vibration leads to the formation of specific forms of hollow organ diseases: vibration cystopathy and gastropathy. Their characteristic signs are organ dysfunction, thinned wall, atrophy of the mucosa, reduction of the capillary bed, and degenerative atrophic changes in the epithelium, associated with reduction of the protein-producing function and focal metaplasia. Vibration cysto- and gastropathies are systemic manifestations of microangio- and visceropathies of vibration origin.