Background. Thermometry of acupuncture points in patients with a cardio- neurological profile with a coma in clinic in the acute period of ischemic stroke is a factor that increases the effectiveness of treatment and extends early rehabilitation measures. Objective. The rationale for the application of monitoring the temperature of the skin surface in the area of representative acupuncture points to determine the area of influence and to control the dynamics of the course application of infrared radiation with terahertz modulation in complex treatment and early rehabilitation of patients in acute of ischemic stroke. Design and methods. The understanding of the normal values of temperature at acupuncture points was obtained according to the monitoring its temperature indicators ("Acupuncture Points Temperature Monitoring" test = APTM-test) in 120 conditionally healthy people: 60 men and 60 women aged 23 to 65 (mean age 58 ± 2.5 years). Sensitec NF-3101 (Nederland) infrared non-contact thermometer was used to measure the temperature in points. The study took place at the departments of cardiology, resuscitation and neurology at Almazov National Medical Research Centre. The study included 60 patients of cardio-neurological profile in the acute period of ischemic stroke with clinical symptoms of coma at 24 women and 36 men aged from 18 to 86 years (mean age 59 ± 1.2 years). Results. Exposure of acupuncture points (Bai Hui (GV 20), Guan Yuan (CV 4), Da Zhui (GV 14), Dabao (SP 21), He Gu (LI 4), Tai Chong (LV 3)) to infrared terahertz radiation was carried out prior to stabilization of temperature indicators within the normal range during regress of clinical symptoms with a decrease in thermal asymmetry at paired points in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Conclusion. A set of representative acupuncture points (APTM-test) was proposed to monitor the temperature, to select the area of exposure, and to control the dynamics of the clinical symptoms of patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke. Acupuncture points temperature and thermal asymmetry monitoring in patients with acute ischemic stroke allows us to evaluate the regression of clinical symptoms and increase the effectiveness of complex treatment and rehabilitation.

Background. Early pulmonary complications after cardiosurgery worsen general state of the patients, require additional therapeutic and diagnostic measures, increase the pharmacological load, extend the length of stay in the hospital and in some cases leads to the lethal outcome. Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the infrared radiation with terahertz modulation in the early-onset hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients after cardiosurgery. Design and methods. This is an observational retrospective open comparative study with pseudo-control (“case-control study”). We included patients with pulmonary complications (infi ltrative and focal changes in the lungs diagnosed as nosocomial pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia) in the early post-cardiosurgery period (after coronary bypass surgery and / or prosthetic heart valves). They were divided into 2 groups: we applied infrared Terahertz radiation at the acupuncture point Da-bao (RР 21) (“IK-Dipole”, Russia) in addition to the standard therapy in the 1st group. The patients of the 2nd group received only standard therapy. Results. Early (the fi rst day) application of infrared radiation with terahertz modulation allowed to reduce terms of stay of the patient in the intensive care unit (by 4-8 days); to reduce radiological and pharmacological stress; to reduce the intubation and ventilation time (by 4-8 days); to improve prognosis; to start earlier (by 4-8 days) the rehabilitation activities. Conclusion. Therefore, the infrared radiation with terahertz modulation helps to improve the quality and effectiveness of treatment in patients with pulmonary complications after cardiosurgery.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the repeatability of the human breath acetone concentration during stress testing. Eight healthy men aged 19 to 34 years were tested (mean age 26.9 ± 1.4). Subjects performed a stress testing on cycle ergometer at twice-weekly intervals. As a result of processing the obtained data, a good similarity between the initial and repeated curves of the acetone concentration was found. In addition, a good repeatability of some parameters was revealed, which show the peculiarities of the change in acetone concentration in healthy individuals. The results obtained in this work can be useful in the creation of diagnostic methods that use the acetone concentration in the exhaled air.

The electronic systems of a small high-sensitivity static mass spectrometer and software and hardware tools, which allow one to determine trace concentrations of gases and volatile compounds in air and water samples in real time, have been characterized. These systems and tools have been used to set up the device, control the process of measurement, synchronize this process with accompanying measurements, maintain reliable operation of the device, process the obtained results automatically, and visualize and store them. The developed software and hardware tools allow one to conduct continuous measurements for up to 100 h and provide an opportunity for personnel with no special training to perform maintenance on the device. The test results showed that mobile mass spectrometers for geophysical and medical research, which were fitted with these systems, had a determination limit for target compounds as low as several ppb(m) and a mass resolving power (depending on the current task) as high as 250.

Электронное и программное обеспечение автоматизированного портативного статического масс-спектрометра© Ю.В.Чичагов, 1 А

Objective. To evaluate the effect of insulin resistance on arterial hypertension and target organ damage in patients with normal body weight. design and methods. The study involved 95 patients with arterial hypertension 1–2 degree (essential hypertension stage I–II) with normal body weight (body mass index 18,5– 24,9 kg/m 2) aged 30–50 years. The examination included fasting blood glucose, immunoreactive insulin, the index of insulin resistance — QUICKI factor, as well as lipids, serum uric acid and microalbuminuria. In addition, patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, duplex scanning of neck vessels, echocardiography, endothelial function assessment. Results. The rate of insulin resistance-hyperinsulinaemia syndrome was 36 % in the studied group of hypertensive patients with normal body weight. Hypertensive patients with insulin resistance had higher average daily systolic blood pressure, higher rate and more severe target organ damage (left ventricular hypertrophy, endothelial dysfunction, intima media thickness). Among metabolic disorders, dyslipidemia was predominant, in particular, hypertriglyceridemia, as well as increased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and decrease in HDL-cholesterol. conclusions. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia syndrome is registered in 36 % of hypertensive patients with normal body weight. They are characterized by high rate of hypertension and more severe target organ damage, and metabolic disorders (mainly hypertriglyceridemia).

Objective. We present the data of the retrospective clinical study in order to summarize the experience of the implementation of infrared radiation with terahertz modulation 0,086–7,5 μm (0,02 to 8 THz) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Design and methods. We followed up 61 patients with AIS (age from 18 to 86 years, mean age 59 ± 1 year), 24 women and 36 men, who were divided into two groups: group I (n = 30) and II (n = 31). Patients from the group II received standard pharmacotherapy in acute stroke unit and during hospitalization. Patients from the group I in addition to standard pharmacotherapy underwent procedures of transcranail application of infrared radiation. The radiator was established on parietal area in a projection of an acupuncture point Bai-Huey (VG‑20) independent of brain lesion localization. Results. Patients from the group I demonstrated earlier recovery, earlier consciousness, a more rapid regression of neurological symptoms and earlier expansion of physical activities compared to the second group. For two years of dynamic supervision patients from the group I showed stable and even better indicators of Barthel index, Rankin scale and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHHS) compared to the group II. This can be due to the better compliance of patients from the group I to treatment and a positive effect of the 6–10 procedures of the infrared radiation modulated by terahertz frequencies. Conclusions. Infrared radiation modulated by terahertz frequencies can be recommended in acute ischemic stroke as a part of complex treatment. A prospective controlled randomized study involving patients with ischemic stroke is required in order to develop the precise approaches for infrared radiation application.

Effectiveness of infrared-terahertz radiation with acupuncture in the initial period of ischemic stroke. This article presents the data of observational retrospective clinical investigation aiming at generalization of the experience of usage of infrared terahertz radiation combined with acupuncture for treatment of the patients in the initial period of ischemic stroke. The experimental group contained 30 patients which had various clinical problems at the initial period of hospitalization. The attempts to dissolve these problems within the acceptable period of time employing domestic and international standard treatment approaches failed. The control group consisted of 31 patients with uncomplicated course of stroke. The patients of the experimental group in addition to the standard treatment received infrared terahertz treatment (device ) combined with acupuncture. Despite the fact that the condition of the patients in the experimental group at admission was much serious than in the control group, at the time of discharge the level of functioning of the first group was definitely higher than the second. In 6 months that superiority increased and has been retained during two years of following up. Despite the fact that the employed in the current investigation method has been used for dissolving different clinical problems, it has been resulted in increase of the general level of functioning proved by the dynamics of such an integral criterion as index Barthel. This means that employment of infrared terahertz radiation in the stroke patients possesses the systemic effect. To recommend the discussed method for treatment of all patients in the initial period of stroke as well as its repeated employment during rehabilitation the separate prospective randomized clinical trials should be undertaken.

Objective . The structural and functional changes in extraand intracranial arteries in patients from different ethnic groups with coronary artery disease (CAD) before coronary arteriography and operative intervention were studied. Design and methods. We examined 120 patients with CAD including 50 patients of Korean nationality aged 54–73 years (average age 62,5 ± 1,03 years) and 70 patients of Slavic ethnicity aged 53–74 years (mean age 63,2 ± 1,1 years), residents of the Sakhalin Region. All patients received standard antihypertensive, lipid-lowering and antiplatelet therapy. Duplex scanning of extracranial arteries was performed using B-mode, power and color Doppler-mode with spectral analysis of the blood flow. In case of severe stenosis of carotid arteries and in patients with a history of transient ischemic attacks transcranial duplex scanning was performed. Results. Hypertension stage III was diagnosed in 89 % patients of South Asian ethnicity and in 81 % Slavs, and type 2 diabetes mellitus — in 29 and 22 %, respectively. There were no significant differences in mean systolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose level between the groups. Patients of South Asian ethnicity had higher triglyceride levels and lower values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions. Ethnicity should be considered when multifocal atherosclerosis structural and functional changes in extra-and intracranial arteries are assessed in patients with CAD. Patients of South Asian ethnicity with CAD show reduced thickness of intima-media complex (1,02 ± 0,01 and 1,07 ± 0,02 mm in the right and left CCA, respectively) compared with the Slavs (1,13 ± 0,02 and 1,23 ± 0,01 mm), although they had more pronounced atherogenic lipid changes inherent to metabolic syndrome. Patients of South Asian ethnicity had 2-fold higher risk of stenotic lesions (> 70 %) and 1,7–2,0-fold risk of pathological deformations of the carotid arteries, which could explain higher rate cerebral circulation disorders in this population compared to those in Caucasians (14 vs. 9 %).

We describe an automated mass spectrometer for diagnostics of deceases from the composition of exhaled air. It includes a capillary system, which performs a rapid direct feeding of the sample to the instrument without changing substantially its composition and serves for studying the dynamics of variation of the ratio between various components of exhaled air. The membrane system for introducing the sample is intended for determining low concentrations of volatile organic compounds which are biomarkers of pathologies. It is characterized by selective transmittance and ensures the detection limits of target compounds at the parts per million–parts per billion (ppm–ppb) level. A static mass analyzer operating on permanent magnets possesses advantages important for mobile devices as compared to its dynamic analogs: it is more reliable in operation, has a larger dynamic range, and can be used for determining the concentration of components in the mixture one-by-one or simultaneously. The curvilinear output boundary of the magnetic lens of the mass analyzer makes it possible to reduce its weight and size by 2.5 times without deteriorating the mass resolution. We report on the results of testing of the instrument and consider the possibility of its application for early detection of deceases of respiratory and blood circulation system, gastrointestinal tract, and endocrine system.

Increase of cardiovascular tension is a common thing for professional athletic training. Cardiovascular pathologies can be prevented by permanent physiological monitoring using, among others, the methods of cardiologic monitoring so far available in stationary diagnostic centers. On-line remote diagnostics during training is potent to enhance effectiveness and efficiency of sporting people's health management. In addition, RD will also enable extensive investigations of the bodily responses of individually determined training loads. The paper gives an overview of the current RM technologies.

Objective. To assess the effect of lisinopril on the dynamics of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) as well as the clinical markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with essential hypertension. Design and methods. We have studied the number and functional activity of EPC and clinical markers of cardiovascular risk in carefully selected group of 18 patients with essential hypertension, who have never been treated by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), and 19 normotensive control subjects. Hypertensive patients took lisinopril in dose 10-20 mg daily and then were re-examined after 12 weeks of lisinopril therapy. Results. The present study shows that hypertensive patients are characterized by a relative decline in the number of circulating EPC in conditions of endothelial dysfunction. Also the cells with angiogenic potential have a decreased proliferative capacity in hypertensive patients in comparison with healthy controls (1,4 ± 0,9 vs 2,2 ± 1,2 units/mm 2 ; p < 0,01). Changes of the functional activity of EPC are closely associated with pathological vascular remodeling. Conclusions. ACEi lisinopril improves functional properties of the endothelium in hypertensive patients through mobilizing effect on the EPC and stimulates their proliferation activity.

The late ventricular potentials (LVP) can be registered in 60-86 % by signal averaged electrocardiogram (SA ECG) in heart failure with ischemic or dilated cardiomyopathy. Ventricular arrhythmias can be provoked by delayed ventricular depolarization. LVP is shown to be more frequent in patients with progressive heart failure and seem to be independent of the underlying cause. Abnormal late ventricular low amplitude electrical activity can be an additional negative risk factor in patients with heart failure.

To study the effect of the recorder characteristics, algorithmic properties of software processing products, and different ECG lead systems on detection of late ventricular potentials, 187 records of a high-resolution ECG obtained in 60patients aged 27-78years (mean 60±3years) were analyzed.