Diseases associated with impaired blood supply to the brain ranks second term of mortality in the world, losing the place only to coronary heart disease. The incidence of this disease in the world remains high and increasing significantly with the age. The recent years special attention has been paid to the search for new methods of therapy for ischemic diseases, such as study of angiogenic properties of stem cells and their conditioned medium. The aim of this work is studying the angiogenic properties of glial progenitor cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. The study was carried out by testing the proliferative activity, mobility, migration of endothelial cells line EA.hy926 under the influence of glial progenitor cells and their conditioned medium. Also the research was conducted by ability to formation of the tubular and capillary-like structure by cells line EA.hy926 by modeling angiogenesis in the basement membrane matrix in vitro. The conditioned medium obtained by glial progenitor cells at concentrations of total protein 1 and 5 g/ml has a positive influence on the proliferative activity and mobility of the endothelial cells line EA.hy926. At the same time it does not accelerate the formation of the primary tubular and capillary-like structure by the modeling angiogenesis in the basement membrane matrix in vitro. But glial progenitor cells contribute to the formation of tubular and capillary-like structure due to contact-dependent signaling between the two cell types. The primary formed tubular structure had a long processes and large branch points under co cultivation with glial progenitor cells. Sprouting centers also had long and more convoluted processes and large cell clusters during the formation of a capillary-like structure. The glial progenitor cells and their conditioned medium had a positive effect on endothelial cell migration. This effect probably indicated by the production of substances by glial progenitor cells which was chemoattractants for endothelial cells line EA.hy926.

Clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis depend on the patient’s genotype since there are more than 2,000 variants of the CFTR gene. Main complications of the disease are expressed in a reduction or loss of pancreatic function and bacterial lung infection, leading to respiratory failure. The E92K (p.(Glu92Lys) and 4428insGA (p.(Ser1435Glyfs*14) mutations in the CFTR gene are accompanied by a high frequency of preserved pancreatic function. In a 3-year-old patient with recurrent pancreatitis and E92K/4428insGA genotype, the functional activity of the CFTR channel was studied using the intestinal current measurement method on rectal biopsy specimens and the forskolin-induced swelling assay in intestinal organoids. The personalized assessment of the action of CFTR modulators was also performed on organoid cultures obtained from the patient’s intestinal biopsies. In a 3-year-old child with cystic fibrosis and recurrent pancreatitis with frequent exacerbations, a high preservation of residual CFTR channel function was revealed. All the investigated targeted drugs were effective in increasing the functional activity of the CFTR chloride channel. Key words: cystic fibrosis, CFTR gene, targeted therapy, pancreatitis, intestinal organoids, intestinal current measurement, E92K, 4428insGA

We performed comparative analysis of paracrine activity of neuronal and glial progenitors derived from induced pluripotent stem cells under conditions of hypoxia modeled by addition of cobalt dichloride. Neuronal and glial progenitors produced neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects on SHSY-5Y neuroblastoma cells in co-culture during the post-hypoxic recovery and reduced the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells. Moreover, they produced a neurotrophic effect and promote the formation and growth of neurites in neuroblastoma cells. The paracrine effect of glial progenitors was more pronounced, which can be explained by more intensive expression and secretion of neurotrophic factors in these cells.

One of the main causes of cell death in neurodegenerative diseases is excitotoxicity. Today the potential directions of treatment neurodegenerative diseases are including cell therapy, the purpose of which is to replace lost nerve tissue with donor cells. Transplanted cells along with replaced lost tissues have a paracrine effect, which requires careful study. The aim of this work was to study the effect of conditioned media, obtaining from neuronal and glial progenitor cells, on a primary culture of cerebellar neurons in a model of glutamate excitotoxicity. The cell viability, expression of marker genes for apoptosis and neuritogenesis, and the number of necrotic and apoptotic cells were determined in the culture of cerebellar neurons. The composition of the studied conditioned media was analyzed for the content of neurotrophins. A comparative analysis was revealed differences in the secretion of neurotrophins between the obtained cultures: the amount of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor and glial neurotrophic factor was higher in the secretion of glial progenitors. It was shown that the addition of conditioned media from neuronal cells does not significantly affect the viability of cerebellar neurons, whereas preincubation with media from glial progenitors has a neuroprotective effect by increasing the viability of cerebellar neurons, and during long-term cultivation promotes the growth of neurites by increasing the expression level of MAP2 and GAP43 genes.

The effect of molecular characteristics and morphology on mechanical performance and biocompatibility of PLA-based spongious scaffolds was studied. PLLA and PDLLA with different molecular weight were studied. It was shown that the structure and the mechanical properties of PLA sponges slightly depend on the molecular mass of the polymer. In the contrary, porosity of the sponge-like material has great effect on its mechanical properties. Biocompatibility tests showed that PLLA provide better matrix behavior compared to PDLLA for the stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth.

The use of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cellsfrom human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) to stimulate bone regeneration requires data on the influence of cryopreservation on the osteogenic differentiation capacity of these cells. SHED were subjected to cryopreservation. Before freezing and after thawing, cell cultures were exposed osteogenic differentiation with vitamin D3 or dexametasone and assessed for expression of the osteogenic markers osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, BMP-2 and RunX2 using real-time qPCR. Extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization was evaluated by Alizarin red staining. Supplementation of osteogenic medium with vitamin D3 increased the expression of the osteogenic markers osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, BMP-2 and RunX2 as well as promoted an increase in the synthesis and mineralization of ECM in the cells both before and after cryopreservation. In the presence of vitamin D3 gene expression of alkaline phosphatase, BMP-2 and RunX2 after cryopreservation was higher than before freezing. Gene expression of osteocalcin, BMP2 RunX2 in osteogenic medium with vitamin D3was higher compared with dexamethasone for 14 days differentiation both before or after cryopreservation. The maintenance of SHED osteogenic differentiation potential after long-term cryopreservation provides a basis for banking of these cellsfor further auto- or allotransplantation.

We studied of osteogenic differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from human adipose tissue. Experiments showed that 1α,25-dihydroxycalciferol is a more effective inductor of osteogenesis than dexamethasone. Comparative analysis revealed activation of gene expression for the major osteogenic markers on day 7 of culturing in a medium containing 1α,25-dihydroxycalciferol. It was found that transcription of genes encoding type 1 collagen proteins, osteopontin, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein peaked on day 14 in culture, while the expression of alkaline phosphatase and bone morphogenetic protein-2 genes increased over 21 days. Intensive mineralization of the extracellular matrix was observed starting from day 14 in culture. On the basis of the analysis of these data, optimal terms for osteogenic induction (day 14) and an optimal inductor (1α,25-dihydroxycalciferol) were chosen and the protocol of effective osteogenic differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from human adipose tissue was developed for creation of tissue-engineered bone equivalents.

We determined conditions for effective transduction of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from human adipose tissue with adenoviral constructs carrying the gene of human bone morphogenetic protein BMP-2. The peak of transgene transcription and BMP-2 protein secretion in the transduced cultures was observed on day 6 after infection. The maximum transcription of BMP-2 gene and genes of osteogenic markers (bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, and osteocalcin) was observed in the medium containing sodium β-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid. Addition of D 3 vitamin did not enhance the expression of BMP-2 gene in transduced cells. The obtained cell cultures with high osteogenic potential can be used in bone tissue engineering.