In modern sports, outlining an adequate diet is one of the key issues in training young athletes. The following literature review presents new approaches to nutrition of young athletes going in for cyclic sports. These sports take a lot of energy, entail great strain and significant intensity of training. Correspondingly, the ratio of nutrients in athletes training for endurance tends to shift toward carbohydrates, the amount of which in the body should cover the increased need for workload as may be defined by the training process and the amount of workload. High-fat diets have proved irrelevant in terms of providing energy function; therefore, this nutritive approach was dismissed, since an athlete should have an about 25% share of fats of his/her menu’s total caloric value. According to modern standards, the amount of proteins in athletes’ menu should not exceed 1.2–1.6g per 1kg of body weight. To avoid the risk of dehydration and physical weakness, cyclic athletes should take sport drinks (in small portions) prior to and following a training session (competition). They contain carbohydrates and electrolytes and therefore are more preferable than pure water.

The rehabilitation of patients after surgery is an integral part of treatment in modern medicine. Restorative treatment is a complex of measures which includes participation of different medical specialists. The goal of child post-surgery rehabilitation is the restoration of physical and social adaptation of the patient. This article covers the main principles of restorative treatment in a multi-profile children’s medical institution. Examples of child rehailitation after reconstructive surgery of most frequent orthopedic pathologies are included.

The results of observations of 83 young sportsmen at the age of 10–16 years in order to diagnose their health condition are given in the work. Among the clinical diseases entities in children and adolescents engaged in water sports, upper respiratory tract infections are the most common. Oropharyngeal sanation with herbal medicines significantly reduces the opportunistic microflora carriage in young swimmers, thereby reducing the risk of respiratory infections and improving the tolerability of high volume and intensity of stress for young athletes on all stages of athletic perfection.

The article presents the analysis of a dynamics of physical development and functional readiness of children 3–7 years old, studying in children’s educational institution with daily stay. Authors revealed statistically significant (р < 0,001) correlation connections between the age and the rates of functional readiness (except flexibility; р = 0,08). Sanitary and pedagogical measures, performed in children’s educational institution, favor to physical development of pre-school children and locomotive experiences and skills. Key words: pre-school children, health, physical development, functional readiness. ( Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2010;9(1):12-16)

On the evidence of cytochemical analysis, healthy and sick children are recommended to be treated with metabolic drugs. Healthy children (sportsmen) were prescribed metabolic therapy before and after competitions to optimize energy metabolism. Ailing children had metabolic therapy on a background of basis treatment.