The article is devoted to the analysis of the current status of nuclear cardiology in the Russian Federation. The data on the number of facilities performing radionuclide investigations for the diagnosis and monitoring of the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, their staffing and equipment are given. The statistics of the conducted nuclear cardiology tests for 2018-2020 are given, as well as their methods, features and diagnostic significance are described.

Aim. To assess the changes in cardiology diagnostics scope in the Russian Federation during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Material and methods. In an online survey organized by the Division of Human Health of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), including questions about changes in the workflow of diagnostic laboratories and the scope of cardiac diagnostics from March 2019 (pre-pandemic) to April 2020 (first wave of the pandemic) and April 2021 (recovery stage), 15 Russian medical centers from 5 cities took part.Results. The decrease in the diagnostics scope by April 2020 by 59,3% compared to March 2019, by April 2021, stopped and was replaced by growth (+7,1%, the recovery rate, 112,1%). The greatest increase was in routine examinations, such as echocardiography (+11,6%), stress echocardiography (+18,7%), stress single photon emission computed tomography (+9,7%), and to a lesser extent resting computed tomography angiography (+7,0%) and magnetic resonance imaging (+6,6%). The performance of stress electrocardiography, stress magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography for the diagnosis of endocarditis in April 2021 compared to March 2019 decreased by 10,3%, 63,2% and 62,5%, respectively.Conclusion. Due to the resumption of patient admissions for cardiac examinations during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, with the anti-epidemic measures taken and certain changes in the workflow, there has been a recovery in the diagnostics scope in most of the included centers.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the main cause of the occurrence and progression of heart failure, as well as mortality among the adult population, both in Russia and around the world. Determining the functional state of the myocardium before surgery allows one to choose the right treatment strategy, methods of surgical correction of coronary disorders, and predict outcomes.Aim. The research aims at the improvement of methods for predicting revascularization outcomes by creating a mathematical model depending on the number of viable myocardium.Material and methods. We examined 118 patients with a diagnosis of CHD who underwent surgical correction of coronary blood fl ow disorders with the use of direct and indirect revascularization methods at the Pirogov National Medical Center. We analyzed correlation between gated-SPECT, Echocardiography and operation results.Results. An inverse strong correlation has been found between LV contractility after surgery and the preoperative amount of scar myocardium and the end diastolic volume (EDV) LV (p < 0.05, Spearman criterion). A direct correlation has been determined between the improvement of EF and the volume of the hibernated myocardium (p < 0.05, Spearman criterion). There is a model for predicting EF after revascularization: Ejection fraction (after revascularization)(%) = 70.99126 − 0.10490 × EDV (ml) + 0.38827 × hibernated myocardium(%) − – 0,50137 × scar myocardium (%).Conclusion. Statistical modeling based on quantitative and qualitative assessment of the functional state of the myocardium in patients with CHD with the use of gated-SPECT and Echocardiography is an actual and necessary way to fi nd optimal solutions in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with CHD.

Aim. To assess the impact of the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the diagnosis of heart disease in the Russian Federation.Material and methods. Fifteen Russian medical centers from 5 cities took part in an online survey organized by the Division of Human Health of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), containing questions regarding alterations in cardiovascular procedure volumes resulting from COVID-19 in March-April 2020.Results. A number of outpatients undergoing cardiac diagnostic procedures was noted in 80% of clinics. Cardiovascular procedure volumes in the period from March 2019 to March 2020 in general decreased by 9,5%, and from March 2019 to April 2020, by 56,5%. Stress electrocardiography decreased by 38,4%, stress echocardiography by 72,5%, stress single-photon emission computed tomography by 66,9%, computed tomography angiography by 49,7%, magnetic resonance imaging by 42,7%, invasive coronary angiography by 40,7%. The decrease in diagnostic procedure volumes in selected regions (Tomsk Oblast, Kemerovo Oblast, Tatarstan) was not so pronounced compared to Moscow and St. Petersburg (-20,7%, -75,2%, -93,8% in April 2020, respectively, p<0,001).Conclusion. The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a sharp decrease in the number of diagnostic cardiac procedures in Russia. This has potential longterm implications for patients with cardiovascular disease. Understanding these implications can help guide diagnostic strategies during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and minimize the future losses.

Aim . To assess the impact of the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the diagnosis of heart disease in the Russian Federation. Material and methods . Fifteen Russian medical centers from 5 cities took part in an online survey organized by the Division of Human Health of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), containing questions regarding alterations in cardiovascular procedure volumes resulting from COVID-19 in March-April 2020. Results. A number of outpatients undergoing cardiac diagnostic procedures was noted in 80% of clinics. Cardiovascular procedure volumes in the period from March 2019 to March 2020 in general decreased by 9,5%, and from March 2019 to April 2020, by 56,5%. Stress electrocardiography decreased by 38,4%, stress echocardiography by 72,5%, stress single-photon emission computed tomography by 66,9%, computed tomography angiography by 49,7%, magnetic resonance imaging by 42,7%, invasive coronary angiography by 40,7%. The decrease in diagnostic procedure volumes in selected regions (Tomsk Oblast, Kemerovo Oblast, Tatarstan) was not so pronounced compared to Moscow and St. Petersburg (-20,7%, -75,2%, -93,8% in April 2020, respectively, p<0,001). Conclusion . The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a sharp decrease in the number of diagnostic cardiac procedures in Russia. This has potential longterm implications for patients with cardiovascular disease. Understanding these implications can help guide diagnostic strategies during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and minimize the future losses.

Введение. Изучение ишемических процессов, происходящих в миокарде, привело к пониманию необходимости оценки перфузии, функции и метаболизма кардиомиоцитов для дальнейшего прогнозирования исходов операции. Особенности поражения коронарного русла, наличие и количество жизнеспособного и рубцового миокарда позволяют выбрать оптимальные сроки и методы реваскуляризации. В статье показана зависимость восстановления сократительной способности сердца от количества гибернированного и рубцового миокарда, определенного методом синхронизированной однофотонной эмиссионной компьютерной томографии (синхро-ОФЭКТ), после коррекции коронарного кровотока путем прямой реваскуляризации и с помощью методики «ЮрЛеон». Построена прогностическая модель восстановления функции левого желудочка (ЛЖ).

The technical characteristics of the new three models of diffusion-cooled multichannel waveguide industrial CO2 lasers excited with acoustic-frequency ac discharge are presented. The industrial lasers of this type have been developed for years at ILIT RAS.Generation of low (to 400 W) average power proved to be technically realizable through air cooling of the oscillator, which makes the laser performance even more attractive. The above lasers can be used to advantage in the laser processing systems intended for precision cutting of metallic (thickness to 10 mm) and non-metallic (thickness to 40 mm) materials; welding; surfacing and fabrication of parts from composite and metallic powder materials.The paper also provides the description and the technical characteristics of intellectual medical cardio-surgery laser systems of "Perfocor" family, developed at ILIT RAS for the transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) which presents a promising method to cure the ischemic disease of heart. The clinical results (more than 800 operations) are presented. Owing to application of the TMLR technique the death rate at the A.N. Bakoulev Center is the lowest in the world.The project of a new CO2 laser surgery plant "Khirurg" is discussed that would deliver up to 200 W power and is based on the model TL-300 with a system of biotissue diagnostics.