Objective. To assess the main statistical indicators of malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in the Republic of Belarus, and analyze the long-term results of treating patients with squamous cell cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Materials and methods. The material for the epidemiological study was the data from the Belarusian Cancer Registry on 2016 patients with malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (C30.0 and C31), identified during the period of 1998-2022 in the Republic of Belarus. Results. The ratio of mortality to incidence of malignant neoplasms (MN) of the nasal cavity (CN) and paranasal sinuses (PS) in the Republic of Belarus was 60% in 2018-2022 (in 1998-2002 - 80%). The diagnosis rate in stages III-IV was 73.8% in 2018-2022. 5-year adjusted survival rate decreased from 38.2±0.2% in 2003 to 35.9±3.3% in 2022. The proportion of stages III and IV in the group of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) associated with sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) was 69%, in the group of de novo SCC – 89% (p = 0.026). The 5-year adjusted survival (АS) of patients with SIP-associated SCC was 73.4% (SE 11.5%), de novo SCC was 38.7% (SE 5.1%) (p=0.012). Conclusion. High mortality-to-morbidity ratios indicate problems in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors of the PN and acute urinary tract in the Republic of Belarus. The risk group for developing cancer of the PN and PN, requiring additional medical supervision, is the population over the age of 40 years.

Рак предстательной железы представляет собой серьезную клиническую и социальную проблему. Патоморфоз заболевания, появление новых методов терапии, высокое экономическое бремя, связанное как с инновационностью лечения, так и с увеличивающейся распространенностью заболевания, требуют перспективного планирования ресурсов системы здравоохранения. К настоящему времени сформированы организационные инструменты, позволяющие накапливать определенные эпидемиологические и клинические данные о заболевании. Таким инструментом является Белорусский канцер-регистр. Потребность в данных для выполнения оценки внедрения новых медицинских технологий в онкологии, в частности при ведении пациентов с раком предстательной железы, требует понимания организационных возможностей обеспечения системой здравоохранения доступности этих технологий для пациентов. Цель. Сбор и анализ эпидемиологических данных о пациентах с раком предстательной железы, определение группы пациентов с неметастатическим кастрационно- резистентным раком предстательной железы на основе данных Белорусского канцер-регистра. Материалы и методы. При выполнении исследования использовались эпидемиологические и статистические методы. Результаты. Белорусский канцер-регистр является наиболее полным информационным ресурсом данных о новых и ранее зарегистрированных случаях злокачественных новообразований на территории страны. Сведения о пациентах, включенных в регистр, позволяют в автоматическом режиме определить количество пациентов с неметастатическим кастрационно-резистентным раком предстательной железы. Корректное внесение данных в первичную медицинскую документацию обеспечивает раннюю постановку диагноза с возможностью достижения значимых показателей выживаемости. Выводы. Данные, накопленные в Белорусском канцер-регистре, а также результаты международных эпидемиологических и клинических исследований позволяют своевременно определять категорию пациентов с нмКРРПЖ для продления и улучшения качества их жизни. Purpose. To collect and analyse epidemiological data on patients with PCa, to determine the group of patients with nmCRPC based on data from the Belarusian Cancer Registry (BCR) [State Institution Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Oncology and Medical Radiology named after N.N. Aleksandrov] and to determine the group of patients with nmCRPC based on data from the Belarusian Cancer Registry (BCR). N.N. Alexandrov. Department of the Belarusian Cancer Registry. Electronic access: https://omr.by/o-nas/ otdeleniya/vse-otdelenya/otdelenie-kantser-registra. Methods. Epidemiological and statistical methods were used in the study. Results. The CDB is the most comprehensive information resource of data on new and previously reported cases of malignant neoplasms on the territory of the country. Data on patients included in the registry allow automatic determination of the number of patients with nmCRPC. Correct entry of data into the primary medical records ensures early diagnosis with the possibility of achieving meaningful survival rates. Conclusions. The data accumulated in the BRC, as well as the results of international epidemiological and clinical studies, allow timely identification of a category of patients with nmRCC to prolong and improve their quality of life.

Цель. Проанализировать частоту рецидивов, 5-летнюю безрецидивную выживаемость, факторы риска рецидива инвертированной папилломы (ИП) полости носа (ПН) и околоносовых пазух (ОНП) у пациентов после хирургического лечения с применением наружных доступов.Материалы и методы. Выполнен ретроспективный анализ медицинской документации 35 пациентов с диагнозом ИП ПН и ОНП с малигнизацией или без нее, наблюдавшихся в РНПЦ ОМР им. Н.Н. Александрова с 2010 по 2021 г.Результаты. Частота малигнизации ИП составила 22,9%. Рецидивы развились у 16 (59,3%) пациентов. Частота рецидивов после ринотомии по Денкеру – 33,3%, после операции Колдуэлла – Люка – 80%. Пятилетняя безрецидивная выживаемость после операции в онкологическом стационаре – 54,5% (SE 11,9%; 95% ДИ 42,6–66,4%),операции в оториноларингологическом стационаре – 25,9% (SE 15,7%; 95% ДИ 10,2–41,6%). Различия в 5-летней безрецидивной выживаемости пациентов указанных подгрупп клинически и статистически значимы (р=0,013). Факторами, снижающими риск развития рецидива, являются: количество предшествующих операций по поводу полипозного риносинусита менее 2 (р=0,006), длительность затрудненного носового дыхания менее 6 месяцев (р=0,009), проведение первичной операции в онкологическом стационаре (р=0,006).Заключение. Хирургическое лечение ИП ПН и ОНП с применением наружных доступов показало высокую частоту рецидивов. Объем выполненной резекции влияет на частоту рецидивирования. Purpose. To analyze the relapse rate, five-year relapse-free survival, risk factors for recurrence of inverted papilloma (IP) of the nasal cavity (NC) and paranasal sinuses (PNS) in patients after surgical treatment using external approaches.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of 35 patients diagnosed with IP NC and PNS with / without malignancy, observed in the N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre from 2010 to 2021.Results. The frequency of IP malignancy was 22.9%. Relapses developed in 16 (59.3%) patients. The recurrence rate after Denker’s rhinotomy was 33.3%, after the Caldwell – Luc operation – 80%. Five-year recurrence-free survival after surgery in an oncological hospital – 54.5% (SE 11.9%; 95% CI 42.6–66.4%), surgery in an otorhinolaryngologicalhospital – 25.9% (SE 15.7%; 95% CI 10.2–41.6%). Differences in 5-year relapse-free survival of patients of these subgroups are clinically and statistically significant (p=0.013). Factors that reduce the risk of recurrence are: the number of previous surgeries for polyposis rhinosinusitis less than 2 (p=0.006), the duration of obstructed nasal breathing for less than 6 months (p=0.009), the primary operation in an oncology hospital (p=0.006).Conclusion. Surgical treatment of IP NC and PNS using external approaches showed a high recurrence rate. The amount of resection performed affects the recurrence rate.

Objectives. To analyze the main age-specific data of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the larynx in the Republic of Belarus during 2000-2019. Material and methods. The age indicators of the incidence were compared for the entire population and differentiated by sex and area of residence in 2000-2004 and 2015-2019. The distribution according to the stages was studied during 2000-2019 for the entire population and differentiated by sex and area of residence, as well as separately for people of working age. Results. The highest incidence was observed in age groups from 55 to 74 years for the entire population both in 2000-2004 and in 2015-2019. The peak incidence was noted in the age groups from 60 to 64 years both in 2015-2019 (23.3 per 100,000) and in 2000-2004 (19.8 per 100,000). The increase of the incidence occurred in the age groups 55 years and older. The largest increase of the incidence was 1.3 in the group of people aged 60-64 years in 2015-2019 compared to 2000-2004. The growth rate was more pronounced among rural residents in comparison with the urban ones. The average age of patients in 2000-2004 was 60.1 years, whereas in 2015-2019 it was 61.2 years. The average proportion of cases of malignant larynx neoplasms diagnosed at stages I-II made up 46% with some regional fluctuations. Conclusions. The age-specific distribution of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the larynx in the Republic of Belarus did not undergo any significant changes during 2000-2019. The highest incidence rates were noted in the age groups from 55 to 74 years. An increase of the incidence was noted in people aged 55 and over. The proportion of cases of malignant neoplasms of the larynx of stage III-IV exceeded that of cases of stage I-II throughout the whole study period.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the results of Ruthenium-106 (106Ru) + Rhodium-106 (106Rh) brachytherapy in uveal melanoma (UM) patients.The data for the period 2001–2018 were taken from the Belarusian Cancer Registry and medical records of patients with clinically diagnosed uveal melanoma who received treatment at the N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus. A total of 383 patients were included in the study. 106Ru + 106Rh β-ophthalmic applicators were used for brachytherapy (BT). The calculated dose to the tumor apex was 120–130 Gy, while the reduced 100–110 Gy was administered to tumors close to the optic nerve. To analyze the treatment outcomes, patients were divided into three groups based on a basal diameter of a tumor.Out of a total 383 patients, complete tumor resolution was observed in 282 (73.6 %), tumor stabilization was present in 76 (19.8 %). Continued tumor growth and tumor relapse were observed in 34 (9.13 %) and 50 (13.05 %) patients, respectively. 59 (15.1 %) patients underwent enucleation. The metastatic disease developed in 47 (12.3 %) cases. BT adverse effects were observed in 21.3 % cases. The relapse-free survival in the group of patients with a basal tumor diameter of up to 9 mm was 76.0 ± 6.3 %, which was higher than that in the groups with a large basal diameter (p = 0.002). Over a 15-year follow-up period, almost half of the patients (52.2 ± 15.6 %) with a tumor base of more than 12 mm relapsed.Considering the high rates of the continued tumor growth during treatment in patients with a basal tumor diameter of more than 12 mm, combined therapy must be used in this group.

Цель. Анализ применения наружных доступов хирургического этапа лечения злокачественных опухолей (ЗО) околоносовых пазух (ОНП) и полости носа (ПН) с позиции хирургической травмы мягких тканей, кровеносных сосудов и нервов. Материалы и методы. В рамках настоящего исследования были проанализированы данные 108 пациентов, получивших хирургическое лечение в РНПЦ ОМР им. Н.Н. Александрова с 2009 по 2018 г. Результаты. Применение классических наружных доступов сопровождалось выполнением разрезов кожи и слизистых оболочек челюстно-лицевой области больших размеров с обширным повреждением окружающих мягких тканей и костей лицевого черепа при создании доступа для непосредственного удаления опухоли, что приводит к формированию обезображивающих рубцов на лице. Выводы. Наружные доступы характеризуются высокой степенью травматичности, которая вызвана необходимостью выполнения вмешательства с максимальной радикальностью в сложной анатомической зоне, при этом неизбежно травмируются периферические сосуды и нервы (альвеолярные ветви верхнечелюстного нерва у 100% пациентов с явлениями анестезии и парестезии в 35% случаев, ветви лицевого нерва у 16%). Резекция костных структур лицевого черепа с целью обеспечения доступа приводит к западению мягких тканей щеки у 23% пациентов, что приводит к эстетически неудовлетворительному результату. Purpose. Analysis of the application of classical external approaches in surgical treatment of malignant tumors of paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity, including the analysis of surgical trauma of soft tissues, blood vessels, and nerves. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of the analysis of the use of the external approaches in 108 patients, who received surgical treatment at the N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Center of Belarus from 2009 to 2018. Results. The use of classical external approaches is accompanied by large incisions of the skin and mucous membranes of the maxillofacial area with extensive damage to the surrounding soft tissues and bones of the facial skull, which leads to the formation of disfiguring scars on the face. Conclusions. External approaches are characterized by a high degree of trauma caused by the need to perform the intervention with maximum radicalism in a complex anatomical area, while peripheral vessels and nerves are inevitably injured (alveolar branches of the maxillary nerve in 100% of patients, with anesthesia and paresthesia in 35% of cases, branches of the facial nerve - in 16% of cases). Resection of the bone structures of the facial skull in order to provide access leads to the retraction of the soft tissues of the cheek in 23% of patients, which leads to aesthetically unsatisfactory result.

Background. There is no unified approach to the management of patients with small choroid melanoma (CM) (thickness up to 3 mm, base diameter up to 10 mm). The study of the development of metastases in these patients is of great significance for choosing an appropriate treatment method.Purpose: to assess the incidence of metastatic disease in patients with small CM, who were treated with transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and brachytherapy (BT).Material and Methods. The retrospective study included 149 patients with CM, who were treated at the National Cancer Center of Belarus from 2005 to 2018. All patients had tumors less than 10 mm in diameter, less than 3 mm in thickness, and had no signs of systemic progression before starting therapy. All tumors corresponded to stage T1N0M0 (American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)). 44 patients were treated with PDT, 47 with TTT, and 58 with BT.Results. The median follow-up time was 154 months (12 years) in patients treated with brachytherapy, 128 months (10 years) in patients treated with TTT and 72 months (6 years) in patients treated with PDT. During the follow-up period, metastases were observed in 1 (2.3 %) patient after PDT and in 5 (10.6 %) patients after TTT. In patients treated with BT, systemic progression was not recorded during the follow-up period. All cases of metastatic disease were associated with local recurrence or continued growth of CM.Discussion. The 5-year metastasis-free survival after TTT was worse than after PDT (82 ± 8.0 % and 94 ± 6.0 %, respectively, p<0.0001). However, in some cases, preference can be given to laser treatment methods, allowing the patients to avoid post-radiation retinopathies. The lack of local control of the tumor can be considered a surrogate marker for the development of metastatic disease. Conclusion. The highest metastasis-free rates were observed after brachytherapy. Positron emission tomography is recommended for early detection of systemic progression of the disease. Key words: choroid melanoma, uveal melanoma, transpupillary thermotherapy, photodynamic therapy, brachytherapy, metastatic-free survival, organ-preserving treatment.>˂0.0001). However, in some cases, preference can be given to laser treatment methods, allowing the patients to avoid post-radiation retinopathies. The lack of local control of the tumor can be considered a surrogate marker for the development of metastatic disease.Conclusion. The highest metastasis-free rates were observed after brachytherapy. Positron emission tomography is recommended for early detection of systemic progression of the disease.

Objective: to study the quality of life in patients who underwent surgical intervention on cancerous tumors of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and oropharynx.Material and methods. An analysis of the quality of life was performed in 31 patients with tumors of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and oropharynx using the EORTC QLQ-30 and EORTC QLQ-H & N35 questionnaires.Results. The study of the quality of life using the EORTC QLQ-30 questionnaire in dynamics revealed improved general health status, emotional functioning, cognitive function, lower pain level, decreased frequency of insomnia (p> 0.05). The assessment of clinical meaning and magnitude according to K. Cocks et al. showed that these factors were characterized by a low level of clinical meaning and magnitude of changes in the studied parameters for all scales, except for the insomnia scale corresponding to an average level of clinical meaning and magnitude. At the same time, a statistically significant change score in the fatigue scales (p <0.01) corresponded to a low level of clinical meaning and magnitude, and low appetite (p < 0.05) should be r egarded as irrelevant. The survey of the patients using the EORTC QLQ — H & N35 questionnaire showed deterioration in some functions associated with the consequences of anticancer treatment, including impaired taste and odor perception (p < 0.01), speech disorders (p < 0.05), difficulties related to eating in public places (p < 0.01), difficulties in social contacts (p < 0.05), viscous saliva (p <0.05).Conclusion. The study has revealed positive changes in the quality of life of patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancers in the period from 4 to 6 months after the end of treatment, which indicates a gradual return to the initial level of vital activity and the need for regular monitoring of the quality of life of the patients in the long follow-up.

Цель исследования: проанализировать основные медико-статистические показатели заболеваемости и смертности от злокачественных опухолей головы и шеи в Республике Беларусь. Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ данных Белорусского канцер-регистра обо всех выявленных случаях заболевания и смерти от злокачественных опухолей головы и шеи в Республике Беларусь за 2010–2019 гг.Рассчитывались экстенсивные (доля случаев заболевания и смерти от рака головы и шеи в общей структуре заболеваемости и смертности, распределение по стадиям, одногодичная летальность) и интенсивные показатели (грубые и стандартизованные (World) на 100 000 населения показатели заболеваемости и смертности) отдельно для всего населения и населения трудоспособного возраста, а также для городского и сельского населения, мужчин и женщин. Оценка отдаленных результатов лечения проводилась с использованием показателей 5-летней кумулятивной скорректированной выживаемости.Результаты и обсуждение. В структуре заболеваемости злокачественными новообразованиями (исключая базалиому кожи) населения Республики Беларусь в 2019 г. опухоли головы и шеи (губы, полости рта, глотки, полости носа и околоносовых пазух С00-С06, С09-С13, С30.0, С31) составили 4,0% (в 2010 г. – 3,6%). Среди лиц трудоспособного возраста опухоли головы и шеи занимают 6-е место.За последние 10 лет отмечается увеличение показателей заболеваемости злокачественными опухолями головы и шеи: среди всего населения с 14,0 на 100 000 населения в 2010 г. до 19,2 в 2019 г. (темп прироста +37,1%) и с 11,6 до 16,7 на 100 000 населения трудоспособного возраста(темп прироста +44,0%).Выявлена отрицательная динамика показателей своевременной (I–II стадии) и ранней (I стадии) диагностики как среди всего населения (темп прироста –25,4% и –15,4% соответственно), так и среди трудоспособного (–21,1% и –2,0%). В то же время отмечается увеличение частоты регистрации заболевания в IV стадии – в 1,5 раза как среди всего населения, так и среди трудоспособного. Смертность от злокачественных новообразований головы и шеи увеличилась с 8,2 на 100 000 населения в 2010 г. до 10,8 – в 2019 г. для всего населения.При этом 5-летняя скорректированная выживаемость после радикального лечения статистически значимо увеличилась в 2019 г., по сравнению с 2010 г. (39,1±1,0%) (р<0,001), и составляла 45,8±1,4%. Выживаемость женского населения статистически значимо выше, чем мужского (в 2019 г. 65,9±2,2% и 41,6±1,1% соответственно, р<0,001), а выживаемость городских и сельских жителей статистически значимо не отличается (p>0,05).Заключение. Приведенные статистические данные свидетельствуют о необходимости принятия неотложных мер по организации своевременного выявления опухолей головы и шеи и разработке государственной программы ранней диагностики (скрининга), что не требует значительных вложений средств для дополнительного диагностического оборудования в связи с доступностью для визуального осмотра и биопсии большинства опухолей этой локализации. Purpose is to analyze the main statistical indicators of morbidity and mortality from head and neck cancer in the Republic of Belarus.Materials and methods. The material for the study was the records of the Belarusian Cancer Register of all identified cases of illness and death from the head and neck cancer in the Republic of Belarus during the period from 2010 to 2019.Characteristics of morbidity and mortality were calculated: extensive indicators (the proportion of cases of illness and death from head and neck cancer in the overall structure of morbidity and mortality, distribution by stages, one-year mortality) and intensive indicators (rough and standardized per 100 000 morbidity and mortality rates) for the entire population and the working age population, as well as for the urban and rural population, men and women. Long-term treatment outcomes were assessed using the 5-year cumulative survival rates.Results and discussion. Tumors of the head and neck (C00-C06, C09-C13, C30.0, C31) were 4.0% in 2019 and 3.6% in 2010 in the structure of the incidence of malignant neoplasms (excluding basal cell carcinoma).Over the past 10 years, there has been an increase in the incidence of malignant tumors of the head and neck in the country: among the entire population from 14.0 per 100,000 population in 2010 toin 2019 (growth rate +37.1%) and from 11.6 to 16.7 per 100,000 of the working-age population (growth rate +44.0%).Negative dynamics was revealed in indicators of timely (I–II stages) and early (I stage) diagnostics both among the entire population (growth rate –25.4% and –15.4%, respectively). At the same time, there is an increase in the frequency of registration of the disease in stage IV – by 1.5 times both among the entire population and among the able-bodied.Mortality from malignant neoplasms of the head and neck increased from 8.2 per 100,000 population in 2010 to 10.8 in 2019. At the same time, the 5-year adjusted survival rate after radical treatment increased statistically significantly (p<0.001) in 2019 and amounted to 45.8±1.4% compared to 2010 (39.1±1.0%). The survival rate of the female population is statistically significantly higher than that of the male population (in 2019 65.9±2.2% and 41.6±1.1%, respectively, p<0.001), and the survival rate of urban and rural residents does not differ significantly (p>0.05).Conclusions. The statistical data presented indicate the need to take urgent measures to organize the timely detection of head and neck tumors.

Choroid melanoma belongs to malignant tumors. The choice of treatment modality depends on a tumor size and site, ocular tunics conditions, clinic logistics, and the patient’s will. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment of patients with choroid melanoma. The data of the Belarusian Cancer Registry and the case histories of patients with choroid melanoma (C69.3, ICD-10) over the period of 1999–2018 were studied. The incidence rates were evaluated on the basis of the analysis of the absolute number of persons taken ill with the disease, crude intensive rates calculated per 1,000,000 of population. To calculate the survival, the disease-specific cumulative 5-year survival rate was used. Significance evaluation was made applying the chisquare test. The incidence rates varied over the 20-year period and were 0.9  ‰ on the average. Enucleation was performed in 724 patients, 13.9 % (101 patients) being registered with synchronous and metachronous cancer. Patients with a sole tumor of choroid melanoma were analyzed. The amount of enucleations performed decreased by a factor of 1.8. To evaluate the survival, the groups of patients with large tumors were formed after enucleation and combination treatment was carried out. Of 623 patients subjected to enucleation, disease progression was established in 159 (25.5 %). Of 159 patients, the onset of disease progression occurred in 25 (15.7 %) in the 1st year, in 50 (31.5 %) in the 2nd year, and in 84 (52.8 %) in the 4th year and later. In the combination treatment group, consisting of 58 patients, decease progression was ascertained in 10 (17.2 %): in the 1st year – in 1 (10.0 %), in the 2nd year – in 6 (60.0 %), and in the 4th and later – in 3 (30.0 %). The survival rate after the organ-sparing treatment is insignificantly higher and increases to the 5th year of the follow-up, although the data are statistically insignificant (p > 0.5). At present, enucleation does not play the leading role in the choice of treatment modality for patients with clinical diagnosis of choroid melanoma. The disease-specific cumulative 5-year survival rate in patients receiving organ-sparing treatment was 85.7 ± 5.1 %, and in those subjected to enucleation – 67.2 ± 2.2 %, the data being statistically insignificant (p  >  0.5). The promising trend in treating choroid melanoma patients is the development of organ-sparing treatment techniques.

Choroid melanoma belongs to malignant tumors. The choice of treatment modality depends on a tumor size and site, ocular tunics conditions, clinic logistics, and the patient’s will. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment of patients with choroid melanoma. The data of the Belarusian Cancer Registry and the case histories of patients with choroid melanoma (C69.3, ICD-10) over the period of 1999–2018 were studied. The incidence rates were evaluated on the basis of the analysis of the absolute number of persons taken ill with the disease, crude intensive rates calculated per 1,000,000 of population. To calculate the survival, the disease-specific cumulative 5-year survival rate was used. Significance evaluation was made applying the chisquare test. The incidence rates varied over the 20-year period and were 0.9 ‰ on the average. Enucleation was performed in 724 patients, 13.9 % (101 patients) being registered with synchronous and metachronous cancer. Patients with a sole tumor of choroid melanoma were analyzed. The amount of enucleations performed decreased by a factor of 1.8. To evaluate the survival, the groups of patients with large tumors were formed after enucleation and combination treatment was carried out. Of 623 patients subjected to enucleation, disease progression was established in 159 (25.5 %). Of 159 patients, the onset of disease progression occurred in 25 (15.7 %) in the 1st year, in 50 (31.5 %) in the 2nd year, and in 84 (52.8 %) in the 4th year and later. In the combination treatment group, consisting of 58 patients, decease progression was ascertained in 10 (17.2 %): in the 1st year – in 1 (10.0 %), in the 2nd year – in 6 (60.0 %), and in the 4th and later – in 3 (30.0 %). The survival rate after the organ-sparing treatment is insignificantly higher and increases to the 5th year of the follow-up, although the data are statistically insignificant (p > 0.5). At present, enucleation does not play the leading role in the choice of treatment modality for patients with clinical diagnosis of choroid melanoma. The disease-specific cumulative 5-year survival rate in patients receiving organ-sparing treatment was 85.7 ± 5.1 %, and in those subjected to enucleation – 67.2 ± 2.2 %, the data being statistically insignificant (p > 0.5). The promising trend in treating choroid melanoma patients is the development of organ-sparing treatment techniques.

The work is devoted to the study of the long-term results of treatment and the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the survival of patients with endometrial cancer (EC) of high-risk stage I, depending on the histological tumor type. The study included 225 patients with endometrial cancers of the IBG1 stage and nonendometrioid stage I cancer (serous, clear cell, undifferentiated carcinoma, carcinosarcomama) who received treatment in Belarus in 2006-2010. The overall (OS), cancerspecific (CSS) and disease-free (DFS) 5-year survival in high-risk EC was 66.7 +/- 3.2, 77.4 +/- 2.9 and 77.0 +/- 2.9 % 10-year-old -53.7 +/- 4.5, 69.7 +/- 4.2 and 69.3 +/- 4.2 % respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the survival, depending on the morphological tumor type, but the endometrioid carcinoma of the IBG3 stage is defined as the most favorable form of the high-risk EC, and the undifferentiated carcinoma and carcinosarcoma are the most unfavorable forms. There were no statistically significant differences in OS, CSS and DFS between the endometriod carcinoma of the IBG3 stage and the nonendometrioid forms of the EC stage I and the difference in the 5-year survival was about 10 % in favor of endometrioid carcinoma. Adjunctive chemotherapy did not improve the long-term outcome of treatment in general, as well as separately in the IBG3 stage of the endometrioid carcinoma stage and the nonendometrioid EC stage I. In the both groups, the difference in the 5-year OS was about 10 % in favor of the subgroups with chemotherapy. Thus, the question of the role of chemotherapy in treatment with high-risk EC is not resolved and requires further research.