Dynamics of the stratosphere and ozone layer are among important sources of atmospheric circulation predictability at subseasonal-to-seasonal time scales. The simulation of the stratospheric dynamics with the SL-AV atmospheric general circulation model for the SLAV072L96 seasonal weather prediction configuration is analyzed. The configuration is currently under preoperational testing at the Hydrometcenter of Russia. The model simulates both winter and summer averaged distributions of zonal wind and temperature close to the reanalysis data. The quasi-biennial oscillation of equatorial zonal wind is simulated with a realistic period and amplitude. There is a significant reduction of errors as compared with the previous stratosphere-resolving SL-AV model configuration. It is shown that the stratospheric process simulation enhancement is largely due to the reduction of systematic errors in the simulation of troposphere dynamics. The work on the inclusion of the CHARM photochemical model in the SL-AV model is described. The results of first experiments with the coupled model are given.

An overview of the work on the development and use of global numerical models of the atmosphere, that has been carried out in the Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics (Central Aerological Observatory), is presented. The models were created in the framework of the Roshydromet plans.

The relationships between circulation characteristics in the lower atmosphere of the Northern Hemisphere and the sunspot cycle are analyzed with the use of the superposed epoch method and elements of correlation analysis on the basis of data on the length of elementary circulation processes of different types (according to Dzerdzeevsky classification) and the time series of Wolf numbers for 1899–2016. It is ascertained that a general intensification of solar activity promotes an increase in the length of meridional forms of circulation, but its effect on different subtypes of elementary circulation mechanisms is different. Seasonal differences in the solar effect on the lower atmosphere are also revealed.

Представлен обзор результатов российских исследований средней атмосферы в 2007–2010 гг., подготовленный Комиссией по средней атмосфере Секции метеорологии и атмосферных наук Национального геофизического комитета для Национального отчета по метеорологии и атмосферным наукам к XXV Генеральной ассамблее Международного союза геодезии и геофизики (г. Мельбурн (Австралия), 28 июня–7 июля 2011 г.)

Представлено описание численной глобальной фотохимической модели CHARM (CHemical Atmospheric Researh Model) и результаты трехмерного численного моделирования климатологических распределений озона и других малых газовых составляющих атмосферы Земли в диапазоне высот 0–90 км. Представлены также результаты реализации численных сценариев воздействия, вызванного изменением потоков УФ радиации Солнца в цикле его активности, а также обусловленного разрушением озона в полярных областях частицами высоких энергий космического происхождения. Для описания пространственного переноса химически активной примеси в модели (схема Пратера) были использованы расчеты глобальных полей компонент ветра и полей температуры с помощью модели общей циркуляции ARM (Atmospheric Research Model).

Nitrogen oxides, produced as a result of ionizing proton impacts, have long lifetimes and substantially affect the ozone balance. Photochemical models give an increased production level of nitrogen oxides during solar proton flares. The usage of an increased NO production effectiveness value (molecule number per each ion pair) during increased ionization of the atmosphere in models can be among the causes. This value has been estimated based on satellite observational data. Data on the solar proton fluxes and the composition of the atmosphere have been used. The period of the proton event of July 14, 2000, has been considered. The NO production effectiveness, obtained when the observational data were analyzed, was much smaller than the value obtained previously theoretically. The causes of these differences should be studied additionally.

Представлен обзор результатов российских исследований планетных атмосфер в 2003–2006 гг., подготовленный в Комиссии по планетным атмосферам Национального геофизического комитета для Национального отчета по метеорологии и атмосферным наукам к XXIV Генеральной ассамблее Международного союза геодезии и геофизики (г. Перуджа, 2–13 июля 2007 г.).

Using the solar proton fluxes data in different energetic channels, as measured by GOES-10 satellites, the strongest solar proton events (SPE) of the 23-rd cycle of the Sun activity have been selected. The atmosphere ionization rates caused by the strongest SPEs were calculated using energetic solar protons spectrum. This data have been used for calculations of middle north polar atmosphere ionization rates during appropriate periods. The response of the middle atmosphere composition was simulated. The computation results showed that the atmosphere ionization and ozone content depletion was strongest after SPE 14.07.2000, 08.11.2000, 04.11.2001, 28.10.2003. The special season features of atmospherical response were found.