Приводятся сведения по пресноводным и морским моллюскам из раннесредневекового (бохайского) поселения Николаевcкое II (Приморье) и частично расположенного рядом ранее малакологически изученного поселения Николаевское I. Обнаружено три вида морских двустворчатых моллюсков из двух семейств – Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906) (Николаевское I), Anadara talmiensis Kalishevich, 1976 (оба памятника) и Glycymeris yessoensis (Sowerby III, 1889) (оба памятника); два вида морских брюхоногих моллюсков – Batillaria attramentaria (G.B. Sowerby II, 1855) (Batillariidae) и представитель семейства Collumbellidae (не определен до рода и вида). В списке пресноводных моллюсков один вид двустворчатых и один вид брюхоногих моллюсков: жемчужница Dahurinaia dahurica (Middendorff, 1850) и гастропода Juga amurensis (Gerstfeldt, 1859). Обсуждаются вопросы использования раковин бохайским населением, пути доставки на городище и видовое богатство в сравнении с другими памятниками этого времени. Ключевые слова: моллюски, археологические памятники Николаевское I, II, Бохай, Приморье.

On the basis of nucleotide sequences of three nuclear genes and using molecular phylogenetic and evolutionary genetic approaches, the phylogeny of the main representatives of one of the largest taxa of bivalve mollusks, the family Mytilidae, was studied, and its system and taxonomy were refined. A phylogenetic system for the family Mytilidae and closely relative taxa of the order Mytilida, which currently has no consensus among specialists on the basis of traditional characters, is presented. Using nucleotide sequences of the 28S rRNA, 18S pRNA, and histone H3 genes, this consensus was established by the study of Mytilidae. Some concerns of mussel systematics were resolved; in particular, the monophyly of the family Mytilidae Rafinesque, 1815 was established with the strongest support for the subfamily Mytilinae Rafinesque, 1815. The data obtained disprove Distel's conclusion on polyphyly of the subfamily Mytilinae Rafinesque, 1815. Isolation of the taxa in the rank of the Modiolinae G. Termier & H. Termier, 1950 and Bathymodiolinae Kenk & Wilson, 1985 subfamilies in the family Mytilidae and also the family Septiferidae Scarlato et Starobogatov, 1979 was confirmed, although the rank of the later taxon is not universally recognized and it remains to be clarified in an additional study.

The validity of the north-western Pacific Gari (Gobraeus) kazusensis (Yokoyama, 1922) (Psam- mobiidae) previously synonymized with Gari (Gob- raeus) californica (Conrad, 1849) from the eastern Pacific is established with a re-description of the former species provided with a detailed synonymy. Records of G. kazusensis from Kamchatka Peninsula and Kurile Islands are doubtful, and the geographical distribution of this species is limited to northern China, Korea, Japan and southern Primorye (north-western Sea of Japan).

Natural middle-and late-Holocene environmental development of Kunashiri Island reflects global climatic changes and the migration of warm and cold currents. Dry and cool climate changed to warm and moist about 7000–6500 BP, later than on Hokkaido Island. At this time Kuroshio Current system became more active. On Kunashir Island birch assemblages were replaced by cool-temperate broadleaf forests in the south and mixed coniferous/broadleaf forests in the north. The highest sea-level position reached 2.5–3 m above PSL about 6500–6300 BP. Cooling about 4700–4500 BP island vegetation weakly changed that connected with warm current influence. Major regression at this period led to formation of extensive coastal dunefields. The warming at the beginning of the late Holocene was almost similar to the Holocene Optimum. Two minor transgressions are recorded about 4010–3400 and 2950–2620 BP. Active entrance of detrital material to the coastal zone resulted in growth of accumulative landforms. Vegetation changes and climatic deterioration took place in the second half of the late Holocene. Coniferous and mixed coniferous/broadleaf forests shifted southward and occupied a large part of the island. During cooling at 1700–1300 BP the isthmus area increased, coastal wetlands with lakes and coastal dunes were formed, and grassland and swamp landscapes developed. Late-Holocene warming was not intensive. Active aeolian accumulation took place during the ‘Little Ice Age’ cooling and regression.

Natural middle- and tate-Holocene environmental development of Kunashiri Island reflects global climatic changes and the migration of warm and cold currents. Dry and cool climate changed to warm and moist about 7000-6500 BP, later than on Hokkaido Island. At this time Kuroshio Current system became more active. On Kunashir Island birch assemblages were replaced by cool-temperate broadleaf forests in the south and mixed coniferous/broadleaf forests in the north. The highest sea-level position reached 2.5-3 m above PSL about 6500-6300 BP. Cooling about 4700-4500 BP island vegetation weakly changed that connected with warm current influence. Major regression at this period led to formation of extensive coastal dunefields. The warming at the beginning of the late Holocene was almost similar to the Holocene Optimum. Two minor transgressions are recorded about 4010-3400 and 2950-2620 BP. Active entrance of detrital material to the coastal zone resulted in growth of accumulative landforms. Vegetation changes and climatic deterioration took place in the second half of the late Holocene. Coniferous and mixed coniferous/broadleaf forests shifted southward and occupied a large part of the island. During cooling at 1700-1300 BP the isthmus area increased, coastal wetlands with lakes and coastal dunes were formed, and grassland and swamp landscapes developed. Late-Holocene warming was not intensive. Active aeolian accumulation took place during the 'Little Ice Age' cooling and regression.

Widely used name Mytilus coruscus Gould, 1861, a common mussel in north-western Pa- cific, appeared to be a junior synonym of Mytilus unguiculatus Valenciennes, 1858. According to the article 23.9.1.1 of ICZN, the name M. coruscus is qualified as nomen protectum.

A description and illustrations of the bivalve mollusks Cuspidaria (Nordoneaera) trosaetes Dall, 1925 (Cuspidariidae) recorded in Russian waters of the Sea of Okhotsk, near southern Sakhalin at a depth of 185-417 m are given.

A desription and illustrations of the un- gulinid Felaniella ohtai Kase et Miyauchi, 1996 recorded for the first time in Russian waters of the Sea of Japan (Nakhodka Bay) are given.