The use of high-modulus ceramic materials under conditions simulating the screen protection of space objects from damage by fragments of space man-made debris is considered. The introduction of an aluminum jet at a speed of ~10 km/s into an aluminum barrier located behind brittle material screens was experimentally studied. A comparative analysis of the parameters of the residual cavity in the barrier made it possible to reveal the effect of the structural rearrangement of the ceramic material on the effectiveness of screen protection.

Investigated is the destruction of a duralumin barrier under the action of an aluminum jet (analogue of an elongated striker) at a speed of 7 - 11 km / s in the presence of copper and aluminum metal screens. The fraction of the effectiveness of the spacecraft shield, determined by the scattering of parts of the destroyed striker between the screens, is highlighted. An increase in the efficiency of the screen protection due to the phase transitions of the interacting materials of the striker and screen is determined.

The destabilization of a cumulative jet with an initial velocity of more than 8 km / s when penetrated into brittle materials is studied. Using electron microscopy, the state of residual materials in the cavity is analyzed. The observed phase transformations of copper and brittle materials in the residual cavity indicate high temperatures in the penetration region and reveal the influence of the thermodynamic parameters of interacting materials on the destabilization of high-speed penetration.

The introduction of an aluminum jet with a speed of 8 - 11 km / s into an aluminum alloy target is being investigated. An analysis of the kinetics and parameters of penetration, the surface of the cavity after the introduction suggests that at speeds of more than 9 km / s the hydrodynamic nature of the penetration is violated due to the melting of interacting metals. The results of the study are intended to develop screen protection of spacecraft from the most dangerous fragments of space debris.

AbstractThe results of penetration of a high-speed metal jet (with a velocity of 3–7 km/s) into brittle materials (ceramics and glass) have been analyzed. The data on jet destabilization as a result of the response of the brittle material to the high-speed penetration are presented. The generalized dependence of the high-speed jet absorption efficiency on the bending strength of the brittle material has been constructed in the hydrodynamic approximation.

AbstractThe state of the cavity surface after the introduction of the copper jet into the metal barrier has been recorded and analyzed. A comparison of the cavity surface for jets providing only melting or melting with evaporation during unloading of shock-compressed copper was carried out. The final stages of pore development during solidification are fixed. The volume fraction of evaporation was estimated. The rapid unloading of the implementation areas and the emergence of pores in the volume before the destruction in the layer of the spreading jet result in an increase in the efficiency of the spacecraft screen protection during the evaporation of a fragment of artificial debris.

AbstractA brief review and results of experimental investigation of the properties of energy-saturated nanoporous silicon-based composites are presented. Various types of oxidants used in the composites are examined. Calcium perchlorate has been used as an oxidant. The energy-saturated composite under study is shown to exceed in several parameters the primary explosive, mercury fulminate and brisant explosive, RDX.

AbstractScreen protection of spacecraft from a high-speed elongated striker, which is equivalent to the most dangerous pieces of space debris, has been investigated. The kinetics of the penetration of an elongated striker into the barrier after passing through the screen protection has been analyzed. It has been shown that the efficiency of destabilization of an elongated high-speed striker on metal screens is determined by the partial evaporation of the striker and the screen interacting at speeds of 7–8 km/s.