The population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was studied using 24-loci MIRU-VNTR genotyping. Most of the studied 199 strains isolated from 199 pulmonary tuberculosis patients (34.2% or 68 of 199 strains) belonged to the Beijing genotype. Multiple drug resistant and extensively drug resistant (MDR/XDR) isolates were predominant (χ2 = 15.5; p < 0.001) among representatives of the CC2/W148 subtype of the Beijing genotype (9.5% or 19 of 199 isolates). Strains of the genotype S (15.6% or 31 of 199 isolates) were the second most common genotype after Beijing. Most of the strains of S genotype had an identical profile, 233325153325141344222372. Among non-Beijing isolates, representatives of the S genotype included the most significant proportion of MDR or XDR ((χ2 = 59.8; p < 0.001). Isolates of Ural genotype were the third most common (10% or 20 of 199 isolates). The strains belonging to LAM genotype (8.5% or 17 of 199) were genetically heterogeneous. Minor genotypes T and Haarlem were also highly heterogeneous. The epidemic spread of MBT isolates belonging to S genotype and CC2/W148 of the Beijing genotype in Yakutia was reconstructed based on a phylogenetic model. The probable time of origin was estimated using the scale proposed by M. Merker et al. (2015). It was shown that isolates of the CC2/W148 subtype divided into four phylogenetic sublineages and were introduced in the recent historical period (the 20th century). Phylogenetic relationships between 30 MIRU-VNTR profiles of S genotype representatives from Yakutia and 31 reference S-profiles profiles from Europe and Canada were studied. Profiles of the isolates of S-genotype from Yakutia formed compact phylogenetic group. It suggested that these strains have been evolving in Yakutia. It was revealed that the ancestral genotype S was imported onto the territory of Yakutia 300–600 years ago.

Review on the problem of sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population in the Siberian Federal District (SFD) was conducted based on literature data and authors own research in the period of 2002−2014. Authors provided broad information on the health and demographic and epidemiological characteristics of SFD population. SFD in comparison with other regions of the Russian Federation overcomes one of the most adverse situations including mortality rates from external causes. SFD population’s infectious and somatic morbidity rates were analyzed. Analysis demonstrated that the situation relating to priority epidemiologically and socially important infections (HIV-infection, parenteral viral hepatitis, tuberculosis etc.) on the territory of the SFD remains tense. Authors provided information on the increase in the level of the actual for Siberian regions natural-foci tick-borne infections. Detailed analysis for the environment anthropogenic pollution impact for the epidemic, infectious and vaccine induced processes. Authors suggest that anthropogenic (biological) environmental pollution is one of the most important factors influencing the epidemiological welfare of the Siberian population. A new strategic direction in epidemiological research associated with the problem of comorbid diseases is planned.

Summary. In the paper presents a comprehensive epidemiological analysis of the incidence of hepatitis A in the Irkutsk region for the period 2000-2011 years. The areas of risk of the incidence of hepatitis A among different groups of the population have been identified. The areas of the greatest risk are Irkutsk, Shelehov, Angarsk, Cheremkhovo, Tulun area. It has been found that the highest incidence to some extent relates to the lack of coverage of vaccination against HAV. Key words: hepatitis A, incidence, the epidemiological situation, the integral index. Таблица 1 Показатели динамики заболеваемости ВГА совокупного населения по РФ и Иркутской области (2001-2011гг.) Показатель Иркутская область РФТемпы прироста % -26,8 -25,3Год максимальной заболеваемости 2002 (136,8) 2001 (79,4)Год минимальной заболеваемости 2009 (3,6) 2011 (4,3)Уравнение регрессии (y=bx+a) -11,9x+108,2 -6,0x+60,5М 37,2 24,3±m 13,3 7,5 Примечания : y – теоретический уровень заболеваемости, а – начальный уровень ряда, b – коэффициент регрессии, х – порядковый номер динами-ческого ряда.

The article reviews the problems of prevalence of diphyllobothriasis in Perm. Krai. The territories of risk on the diphyllobothriasis morbidity are revealed.

A rationale for the use of an aggregate generalized index in conducting an integral estimation of epidemiologic situation and/or population health status is presented. The approach was demonstrated on the case of tuberculosis infection in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) over a 19 year period (1990-2008), using 4 statistical measures: incidence, morbidity, bacterial load and mortality.

The paper presents the characteristics of microbial communities in the water reservoirs of Eastern Siberia and North and their changes depending on the anthropogenic pollution and analyzes antibiotic resistance in microorganisms. The water contamination with pathogenic viruses was revealed in relation to the man-made load, which may be a criterion for assessing the epidemiological situation on the territories.

In the article results of long-term studying of microbic communities of the largest reservoirs of Eastern Siberia the rivers of Angara, Lena, Selenga, lake Baikal are submitted. It is shown, that in conditions of amplifying anthropogenous influence on an environment there are structural alterations usual microbic communities water objects, the quantity conditional pathogenic gramnegative microorganisms raises, the share antibiotic resistance bacteria is increased.

The results of prevalence pathogenic viruses in objects of an environment of Irkutsk are given.

In the article the results of contamination by viruses of hepatitis A and rotavirus (markers) superficial and underground water sources in large cities of Irkutsk and Chita areas are submitted. Virusological inspection of water objects located in the given territories is shown, that water sources both superficial, and underground type are substantially subject to anthropogenous influence.

The waters of 25 large rivers falling into the Baikal Lake, their mouth water areas and open Baikal Lake areas to a depth of 500 m were for the first time in the practice of researches on the Baikal Lake were investigated for markers of hepatitis A virus and rotaviruses. The investigations showed an insignificant contamination of surface waters with pathogenic viruses. The antigens of all studied viruses and high values of bacteria from the Escherichia coli group were recorded in the areas exposed to chronic man-made pollution. Data on the seasonal changes in the distribution of enteroviruses indicated their absence in the annual cycle in the pelagic area of the lake, which suggests that viral particle would not accumulate under the conditions of the Baikal Lake over a long period.