We studied the functional state of the cardiovascular system in 997 schoolchildren of Ufa and 597 students of the Bashkir State Medical University with different levels of physical activity. All subjects were divided into 3 groups depending on the level of physical activity: the first group (control) consisted of schoolchildren and students, which do not involve in sports outside the school and university programs, with the lowest physical activity compared with other groups; the second group included persons with an average level of physical activity, who in addition to physical education classes independently engage in physical culture: running, walking, outdoor games and daily morning exercises; the third group consisted of schoolchildren and students regularly engaged in sports clubs and sections, having the highest level of physical activity. The following hemodynamic parameters were calculated: systolic blood volume, minute blood volume, pulse pressure, fatigue coefficient, blood circulation efficiency ratio, Robinson index. The data obtained for each group were subjected to statistical analysis separately for males and females in the age aspect. We have established the positive influence of regular physical education and sports on the metabolic and energy processes in the heart, which in turn leads to an improvement in the main indicators of the cardiovascular system. Thus, among schoolchildren and students regularly engaged in physical culture and sports, significantly lower values of minute blood volume, blood circulation efficiency ratio, endurance coefficient, Robinson index and high values of systolic blood volume, pulse pressure were noted. The presence of reliable direct correlation of the weak degree of physical culture and sports with the majority of studied hemodynamic parameters was revealed.

Five hundred and twenty four students aged 17-23 years studying at Bashkirian State Medical University were examined. The quality of life was assessed using the Russian version of the international standard SF- 36 questionnaires. The differences in terms of sex and age groups were detected among students

There was studied the physical development of4550 schoolchildren of the city of Ufa at the age from 8 to 16 years. Almost a third of the students was noted to have disharmonious physical development. The proportion of children with excess of body weight exceeds the proportion of underweight children in 2 times. Modern schoolchildren of middle and senior age groups were established to have higher indices of height and weight in comparison with peers at the end of twentieth century, and in younger schoolchildren the indices are higher than in their peers in 2004.

The physical development of 4696 pupils of Ufa at the age from 7 to 18 years has been studied. Asymmetry of body length indicators with considerable prevalence of tall and very tall schoolchildren has been established, and this tendency is more expressed among boys. It has been noted that modern schoolchildren are characterized by pronounced disharmonisation of development. Almost a third of schoolchildren have disharmonycal physical development. The proportion of children with excessive body weight exceeds the proportion of underweight children in 2 times.

has been carried out. A description of the new album with color photos of food articles created by the authors is provided. An opinion is expressed that the use of illustration materials can increase the accuracy of the results of the investigation of nutrition conditions. Presence of deficiency of the main food components and decreasing of the caloric content of the daily food ration has been indicated. Against the background of an insufficient content of all the macronutrients, their relation is affected due to increasing in the daily food ration of school children of the part which falls on carbohydrates, in the first place on simple sugars. It has been noted that the provision of energy and nutrients of the boys is higher than that of the girls, and in the age of 7-11 years old is better than in other age periods.

The evaluation of the anthropometric measures and body mass index describing the nutritional status of students in Ufa has been performed. Anthropometric measures of students in Ufa were established to be significantly lower in comparison with anthropometric measures of their peers from other regions. It was noted that the deficit in body weight in girls occurs 2.6 times more often, and obesity is 4.2 times less than in boys at approximately equal high percentage of individuals with normal body weight.

New approaches to hygienic normalization of demands for energy, nutrients and food items for the Russian Federation population, conformal to the current demands for healthy eating, are presented in this paper. The application of the novel standards will contribute to health promotion among pediatric and adult population, prevention of noninfectious diseases, as well as improving demographic situation in the country.

The paper presents data of experimental studies that confirm the effect of ecotoxicants during prenatal development of the laboratory animals. Ecotoxicants were found to cause considerable impairment in histogenesis of the osseous tissue and tooth germs that underlie pathogenesis of dentition abnormalities.