This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the concepts covered in the preceding chapters of this book. The book presents case studies to analyse the monitoring and control practices of European Union (EU) citizens described as the 'Welfare Banopticon' to answer the question: How the interplay between digitalised bureaucracies of welfare providers and the coping strategies of EU newcomers shapes the social sorting of benefit claimants? It presents the counterstrategies of migrants to combat the bureaucratic measures force local authorities to increase control and financial sanctions to catch a glimpse of those who are slipping through their fingers. By increasing the role of screening instruments and profiling of suspicious claimants through algorithms, applicants are under gaze of financial and social monitoring as well as through financial sanctions. The multi-sited fieldwork explores how some Roma …

Dutch Abstract: Hoe beoordelen grote bedrijven, hun advocaten en andere gebruikers en deskundigen nut en noodzaak van gespecialiseerde rechtspraak voor het bedrijfsleven? Hoe gaan grote ondernemingen om met de verschillende typen complexe geschillen? Wat verstaan grote bedrijven en andere actoren onder kwalitatief goede rechtspraak en voldoen de specialistische rechterlijke voorzieningen daaraan? Dit zijn de vragen die centraal staan in een door ons uitgevoerd empirisch onderzoek naar de ervaringen van grote bedrijven met vijf gespecialiseerde rechtspraakvoorzieningen: de Ondernemingskamer van het gerechtshof Amsterdam, de IE-kamer van de rechtbank Den Haag, de ‘natte kamer’ van de rechtbank Rotterdam, het College van Beroep voor het bedrijfsleven en het ‘mededingingsteam’ van de rechtbank Rotterdam.English Abstract: Based on interviews with large corporations and other parties concerned (judges, attorneys) the paper analyses experiences and opinions of large corporations with five specialized courts in the Netherlands.What is the legal practice of the specialized courts? (number cases, characteristics of cases, work routines, number of cases with large companies), What is the number and character of disputes of large companies?, What are company strategies dealing with disputes?, Do special courts do a good job in the opinion of large companies?The Council for the Judiciary (the Netherlands organization of courts) contracted us to investigate experiences if large companies with special courts. Our research included two administrative courts (the Court of Appeal on Trade and Industry and the District Court Rotterdam: special competence economic administrative law) and three civil law courts (the Enterprise Section of the Amsterdam Court of Appeal, the Patent Section of the District Court The Hague and the team dealing with disputes in harbour and sea transportation of the District Court Rotterdam).

"Statistics on asylum applications have been used in a highly selective way in the debates on refugees and asylum policies in Western Europe, to justify restrictive measures. This paper provides a more systematic analysis of these statistics. It focuses on the pattern of origins and destinations for asylum seekers in the European Union in the period 1985-1994.... When the patterns of origin and destinations are compared for separate years, it becomes clear that the destinations of asylum movements have been constantly changing. Though some of the more remarkable shifts were clearly related to policy measures in the relevant countries, many measures produced only limited effects or failed to have any effect at all."