Ngari is a popular ethnic fermented fish product from North-Eastern India. It is consumed after heat process either as a part of regular meal or as a condiment. However, there is no adequate knowledge on the digestion of ngari and the bioactive potential of the digest. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of different heat processes viz., air frying, roasting and sauteing on the chemical attributes and in-vitro digestion characteristics of ngari with reference to digestibility and antioxidant potential. The different heat processes significantly increased the dry matter content, thereby altering the proximate composition of the ngari. Nutritional analyses revealed that the highest value of protein is in air fried ngari (44.14%), while maximum fat in sauteed ngari (27.57%). Fatty acids analysis showed that palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid were the major fatty acids present in ngari irrespective of different heat processing. Antioxidant potential of ngari was significantly influenced by heating processes and digestion methods (pepsin or pepsin-cum-pancreatin). Heat processes significantly reduced DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and metal chelating activity, while increasing the reducing power of the nagri. Study on peptide released during digestion by SDS-PAGE (Sodium lauryl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) showed that pepsin digestion led to formation of low molecular weight peptides (14-66 kDa). Subsequently, the pepsin-cum-pancreatin digestion degraded the relatively larger peptides into further smaller ones. The different heat processes enhanced the sensory appeal of the product without exerting any negative influence on its digestibility and bioactive properties.

Traditional Manchester Point based brachytherapy continues to be popularly practiced even when CT imaging has replaced traditional X-rays for treatment planning. ICRU bladder and rectal Point doses are documented and monitored as predictive of Organs at Risk (OAR) doses. Aim To study the late effects of treatment and its correlation with dose volume parameters. Dosimetric correlation between volume doses and corresponding ICRU Rectum and Bladder point doses were studied. Materials and Methods 101 Cervical cancer patients treated during 2014 – 2016 with radio-chemo therapy and CT based Brachytherapy treatment planning were eligible. Bladder, rectum and sigmoid were retrospectively contoured on CT data sets and Dose volume histogram for doses to the most exposed portion of (D2cc) OARs were recorded and compared with corresponding ICRU Point doses. Patients were followed up till August 2019 and toxicity data collected prospectively using CTCAE V4.03. Correlation of toxicity with doses received was attempted. Results The overall incidence of bladder toxicity was 19.8% and rectal toxicity 30.7%. Grade 2 &3 toxicities were < 5% for bladder and 13% for rectum. 1 patient developed Grade 4 rectal toxicity. The threshold dose for bladder toxicity was D2cc- 89 Gy and 67 Gy for rectum. Grade 4 toxicity occurred with D 2cc - 83 Gy. There was no correlation between bladder D2cc and ICRU bladder point doses. Moderate correlation was seen between rectal D2cc and dose to point R (0.62) Conclusion Monitoring D2cc of OARs should be attempted on CT in an attempt to reduce morbidity even with traditional planning.

Cytomegalovirus enteritis can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The commonest site of involvement is the colon, followed by the stomach and terminal ileum. Most of these lesions can be diagnosed by colonoscopy or gastroscopy. We present our experience of a patient with cytomegalovirus infection involving only the proximal jejunum causing massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Conventional endoscopy and imaging had failed to locate the source of bleeding. Enteroscopy performed at the time of laparotomy showed an ulcerated lesion in the jejunum. Resection followed by histological examination of the resected area confirmed the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection. In addition to highly active antiretroviral therapy, ganciclovir was given for 14 days in a dose of 5 mg/kg twice a day and tapered over a period of 3 months. There has been no further episode of gastrointestinal bleeding over a follow up of 9 months.

This paper presents an investigation of the time-dependent setting-up of nonlinearity in a collisionless plasma in the presence of a short.-duration laser pulse. Using the paraxial-ray approximation, transient self-focusing of the incident laser pulse and Brillouin back-scattering have also been studied, including pump depletion. The effect of this transient nature on reflectivity has been discussed.

Primary osteosarcoma of the skull is rare. Osteosarcoma arising from the sellar region is extremely uncommon. The case of a 38-year-old man with osteosarcoma of the sella is described, and the literature is reviewed. The patient was treated with surgery followed by aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Currently he is in remission at 12 months.

Metastasis to the orbit from pancreatic adenocarcinoma is rare. A 38-year-old man with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the right orbit at initial examination is described. Two months later he was diagnosed with a pancreatic primary tumor. The incidence and pattern of orbital metastasis in carcinomas is briefly discussed.