The sustainability of livestock production systems is influenced by environmental, economic, and social conditions, as well as technological advancements. In Sumba, Indonesia, livestock is not only an economic asset but also a symbol of social status, integral to various traditional rituals. This study aimed to identify local livestock production systems and examine the role of culture in their sustainability across three agroecosystem zones: Kodi, Wewewa, and Loura. The research employed a structured survey methodology based on the Livestock On-Farm Trials method and involving 420 farmers. Results show that Sumba's livestock production systems apply an integrated crop- agro-pastoral, kaliwo agroforestry-livestock system, also rangeland-based, predominating in Loura. Socio-cultural aspects strongly influence livestock practices, with sources of capital stemming from agricultural revenues (dry-land and rice fields), kaliwo agroforestry, family inheritance, livestock barter, profit-sharing arrangements, and surplus animals from wedding dowries and other cultural ritual ceremonies. Feed resources are primarily derived from cultivated dry-land and kaliwo agroforestry. Livestock are primarily raised for cultural, ceremonial, and ritual purposes, including funerals, wedding dowries, and the pasola festival, as well as for income and education support. Preservation of local wisdom and socio-cultural values is crucial to advancing sustainable livestock production in Southwest Sumba.

Background: This study aimed to determine whether ketosis during early lactation correlates with low reproductive efficiency in Friesian Holstein-fitted heifers on tropical dairy farms. An internationally acclaimed case, a group of 38 heifers aged 24-36 months from a dairy farm in a government farm in Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia, was prospectively followed. Methods: On day 7-30 postpartum, the BHBA levels were measured using a validated portable ketone meter operating on an electrochemical enzymatic principle and the animals were grouped into a standard (1.2 mmol/ 300 ml), subclinical ketosis (1.2-2.9 mmol/300 ml) and a clinical ketosis (3.0 mmol/300 ml) based on the results. The outcomes measured in reproduction were conception rate (CR), services/conception (SC) and days to conception (DC), obtained from records of insemination and pregnancy. Result: Subclinical and clinical ketosis prevalences were 36.8% and 15.8%, giving a total ketosis prevalence of 52.6%. Pregnancy rate declined with increasing ketosis severity (77.8% in normal, 35.7% in subclinical, 16.7% in clinical) and heifers with normal BHBA showed markedly better reproductive performance (SC 1.5±0.5; DC 95±12 days) than ketotic animals (clinical: SC 3.4±0.9; DC 163±21 days; p less than 0.01). These findings indicate that elevated BHBA in early lactation is strongly associated with impaired fertility in replacement heifers, supporting the need for regular BHBA monitoring and optimized nutrition to reduce ketosis-related reproductive losses.

The Batur sheep, recognized as one of Indonesia's superior genetic resources (plasma nutfah), faces an increased risk of inbreeding, leading to inbreeding depression and negatively affecting productivity and the economic value of the animals. This community service program aimed to enhance farmers' knowledge of genetic management and inbreeding control through interactive, technology-based training covering topics such as breeding record-keeping, the impacts of inbreeding, and reproductive management. The results showed an improvement in farmers' understanding and adoption of better breeding practices. Continuous mentoring and multidisciplinary collaboration are recommended to ensure the sustainability of the Batur sheep genetic resources.

Abstrak Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang telah mengikuti diklat sering dipindah tugaskan dari tempat tugas awal saat mengikuti diklat, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap proyek perubahan yang direncanakan untuk dilaksanakan pada tempat kerjanya tidak terlaksana sehingga berdampak pada kompetensi ASN tersebut. Oleh karena itu seberapa besar pengaruhnya pendidikan dan pelatihan terhadap kompetensi Aparatur Sipil Negara pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sumba Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk analisis pengaruh pendidikan dan pelatihan terhadap kompetensi Aparat Sipil Negara. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda melalui uji t dengan tingkat signifikansi α = 0.05%. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sumba Barat yang telah mengikuti Pelatihan Pimpinan sebanyak 102 orang dengan sampel penelitiannya sebanyak 50 orang diambil dengan menggunakan rumus sloving dengan toleransi kesalahan sebesar 5%. Hasil uji parsial menunjukkan bahwa variabel pendidikan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kompetensi Aparatur Sipil Negara dengan nilai t sebesar 2.921, variabel pelatihan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kompetensi aparatur sipil Negara dengan nilai t sebesar 4.280 dan hasil uji simultan juga menunjkkan bahwa variabel pendidikan dan variabel pelatihan secara bersama – sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kompetni aparatur sipil Negara dengan nilai F sebesar 9.006. Hasil uji parsial dengan menggunakan indicator baru untuk variabel pendidikan memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kompetensi aparatur sipil Negara dengan nilai t 0,939 sedangkan pengaruh indicator baru untuk variabel pelatihan adalah perpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap aparatur sipil Negara dengan nilai uni t sebesar 1.998.

Pelayanan Publik yang efektif dan efisien menjadi salah satu tolak ukur masyarakat dalam menilai kinerja penemrintah daerah secara kasat mata. Pelayanan publik seperti pembuatan surat dan pencarian data arsip sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas layanan pada Kantor Desa Banjarwaru. Proses pengarsipan surat dan administrasi lainnya di Desa Banjarwaru saat ini belum terdigitalisasi dan terdokumensi dengan baik. Hal tersebut sering membuat terjadinya kesalahan dalam penyimpanan data surat masuk dan membutuhkan ruang yang cukup luas untuk menyimpannya, selain itu juga seringnya terjadi kesalahan dalam penulisan nomor surat keluar karena pencarian nomor surat terakhir masih dicari manual pada buku besar. Guna untuk mewujudkan visi dan misi Desa Banjarwaru, maka sangat diperlukan Penerapan Sistem Informasi Kearsipan untuk pengembangan Desa Digital. Sistem informasi arsip persuratan mempunyai tujuan mengubah metode penyimpanan surat atau administrasi lainnya dengan proses pengarsapan secara digital sehingga mengurangi penggunaan kertas dan lebih efektif dan akurat.

This study aims to identify and compare the reproduction performance of the second generation (F2) of reciprocal crossbred between Tegal and Magelang duck. Crossing male (♂) Magelang duck and female (♀) Tegal duck produces Maggal duck while crossing male (♂) Tegal duck and female (♀) Magelang duck produces Gallang duck. Maggal duck and Gallang duck were interse mating (F2 x F2). The materials of the study were 672 hatching duck eggs obtained from the pen mating of 50 Maggal ducks and 50 Gallang ducks (1 male for 5 female). The quasi-experiment was conducted with descriptive statistics and T-test to examine different characteristics between Maggal duck and Gallang duck. The observed variables were hatching egg weight, hatching weight, fertility, hatchability, and hatching yield. The value of heterosis value was obtained by comparing the performance of crossbred with that of their parents. Results showed that Maggal duck and Gallang duck had the following variables in respective order: hatching egg weight of 66.02±4.04 g and 66.36±3.58 g; hatching weight of 43.02±2.82 g and 41.52±2.99 g; percentage of hatching weight of 65.63% and 62.70%; egg fertility of 73.13±11.82% and 76.72±14.24%; hatchability of 31.55±16.40% and 25.68±12.68%, and hatching yield 19.21±9.13% and 18.02±9.37%. The T-test results demonstrated no significant difference (P≥0.05) in the observed performance between Maggal duck and Gallang duck. Conclusively, the reproduction performance (fertility, hatchability, and hatching yield) of Maggal duck and Gallang duck in the second generation (F2) was relatively similar. The reproduction performance of hatchability is a viable criterion for the second generation of Maggal duck selection.

Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aksesibilitas di objek wisata alam Suban Lesung Curup di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, Provinsi Bengkulu. Dengan pemasangan plang penunjuk arah interaktif, proyek ini mengatasi kurangnya informasi dan tanda arah yang memadai bagi wisatawan. Setiap plang dilengkapi dengan kode QR yang memberikan akses ke informasi tambahan tentang atraksi wisata setempat melalui perangkat pintar. Tahap pelaksanaan meliputi persiapan, observasi lapangan, desain, hingga pemasangan plang di titik-titik strategis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa plang interaktif meningkatkan kemudahan navigasi dan kualitas pengalaman wisatawan di Suban Lesung Curup

Manajemen pemeliharaan indukan sapi potong merupakan hal penting dalam pengembangan sapi potong secara nasional. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan sistem manajemen pemeliharaan di Loka Pengujian Standar Instrumen (LPSI) Ruminansia Besar, Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Aspek yang diteliti meliputi sistem perkandangan, pemberian pakan dan air minum, perkawinan, penanganan kebuntingan, pasca melahirkan, serta manajemen kesehatan. Penelitian dilakukan melalui observasi, partisipasi, dan wawancara secara langsung pada bulan September hingga Desember 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem perkandangan menggunakan tipe tail to tail, dengan desain yang sesuai dengan standar kebutuhan indukan bunting dan laktasi. Pemberian pakan dilakukan dengan metode component feeding, di mana pakan konsentrat diberikan terlebih dahulu, kemudian hijauan dua jam setelahnya. Rasio pakan yang digunakan untuk induk bunting adalah 60:40 dan induk laktasi 65:35, dengan tambahan mineral untuk mendukung kesehatan reproduksi dan produksi susu. Proses perkawinan dilakukan secara alami dan pemeriksaan kebuntingan menggunakan palpasi rektal dan ultrasonografi (USG). Induk yang mencapai akhir kebuntingan dipindahkan ke kandang khusus untuk mempermudah pemantauan kelahiran. Manajemen kesehatan mencakup pencegahan, pemantauan kondisi kesehatan, serta penanganan penyakit dan pengobatan. Secara keseluruhan, manajemen pemeliharaan di LPSI Ruminansia Besar telah diterapkan dengan baik sesuai standar dan dapat menjadi model pengembangan indukan sapi potong di daerah lain.

The aim of this research is to find out how the Wafa Method is used to teach Tahsin and Tahfidz Al-Qur'an at SMPIT Harapan Umat Karawang. Another aim of this research is to find out how well the results of learning to read the Koran using tajwid rules are. This research uses a qualitative approach, which allows further explanation of the problem to be studied naturally. Researchers considered the idea of the Wafa method, which seeks to help students read the Qur'an. To collect and obtain data, researchers use methods such as observation, interviews, and documentation. Qualitative-descriptive analysis is used to process data. This data comes from documentation, interviews and observations carried out by researchers both before and after the implementation of the learning. According to the results of data analysis, research using the Wafa Method in Improving Tahsin and Tahfidz Learning Outcomes at SMPIT Harapan Umat Karawang really requires careful and systematic planning, implementation and supervision/evaluation. The Wafa method has proven effective in improving tahsin and tahfidz learning outcomes at SMPIT Harapan Umat Karawang. This can be seen from student achievement, ability to read and write the Al-Qur'an, memorize the Al-Qur'an, as well as motivation, student interest in the Al-Qur'an and the achievement of tahsin tahfidz learning results can be seen from the students' grades and tasnif results. at SMPIT Harapan Umat Karawang.

This study aims to determine the external body score, including body condition score (BCS), body fat percentage (BFP), plumpness index (PI), and body conformation index (BCI), of male Sakub sheep at different physiological ages (lambs vs rams). The research was conducted from October to December 2023 in Pandansari Village, Paguyangan District, and Wanareja Village, Sirampog District, Brebes Regency, Central Java. The data were collected following purposive random sampling procedure and the Nomograph Harry King formula of which 118 male Sakub sheep (59 lambs and 59 rams) were sampled. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine suitability or differences in each category and parameter. The results showed that the average values for lambs and rams are as follows: (1) body condition score of 3 ± 0.59 and 3.5 ± 0.50, (2) body fat percentage of 13.72 ± 2.55 and 15.94 ± 2.22, (3) plumpness index of 0.87 ± 0.02 and 0.88 ± 0.01, and (4) body conformation index of 0.29 ± 0.02 and 0.30 ± 0.01. It can be concluded that rams possess superior body condition and fat reserves, which may reflect their advanced physiological development and greater muscle mass relative to younger animals. This information is critical for optimizing management strategies in Sakub sheep production, particularly in breeding and selection programs aimed at enhancing productivity and carcass quality. Further research is warranted to explore the genetic and environmental factors influencing these traits.

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between chest girth, body length, and sex with body weight and average daily gain (ADG) in Batur lambs. The study sample consisted of 12 male and 8 female Batur lambs, aged 5 to 12 months, with an average body weight of 23.97 kg. Data were collected through a survey study using a random sampling method. The variables measured included chest girth, body length, sex, body weight, and ADG. The results demonstrated that: (1) the regression equation for chest girth on body weight was Y= -50.47 + 1.02CG (r = 0.91, R2 = 0.82); (2) the regression equation for body length on body weight was Y= -64.19 + 1.58BL (r = 0.88, R2 = 0.78); (3) the multiple regression equation for chest girth and body length on body weight was Y = -62.08 + 0.65CG + 0.69BL (r = 0.93, R2 = 0.85). These results indicate a very strong positive correlation between chest girth, body length, and body weight, suggesting that body weight in Batur lambs can be accurately predicted using these variables. However, ADG was not significantly correlated with chest girth or body length due to a low coefficient of determination.

The aim of the research was to compare the blood biochemical levels of Batur sheep based on their proliferation rate. The research used 52 Batur ewes having 2 parities from a sheep farming group in Batur District, Banjarnegara, Central Java - Indonesia. This study was conducted based on a survey method designed into 3 groups of prolification. The sheep samples used in this study have adapted to the local environment fed with basal forage as grass and vegetable waste. Drinking water was given ad libitum. The observed variables include glucose, albumin, blood urea, creatinine, cholesterol and total protein levels in sheep. The data were analyzed using the Kluskal Wallis test. The results of the study showed significant (P<0.01) in albumin, blood urea and creatine levels, significant (P<0.05) in glucose and total protein levels and no significant (P>0.05) in cholesterol levels in the 3 prolificated groups. The highest levels were in glucose at 38.32 mg/dl, albumin 0.74 g/dl, blood urea 36.68 mg/dl, cholesterol 59.29 mg/dl, creatinine 0.083 mg/dl and total protein 14.37 g/dl. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that different levels of prolification in sheep have significant differences in blood biochemical levels.

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh dosen Manajemen ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang ramah dan mendukung bagi semua anak di Pos PAUD Angkasana Jaya, Kabupaten Ciamis. Kegiatan ini melibatkan pelatihan dan pendampingan bagi para pendidik PAUD, dengan fokus pada peningkatan keterampilan mengajar, pengelolaan kelas, dan pendekatan inklusif yang mengakomodasi kebutuhan beragam anak. Melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan diskusi kelompok terarah, diperoleh data mengenai kondisi dan tantangan yang dihadapi dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa dengan dukungan pelatihan yang tepat, pendidik mampu mengembangkan metode pembelajaran yang lebih kreatif dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan anak-anak. Selain itu, peningkatan keterlibatan orang tua dan komunitas juga berhasil dicapai melalui berbagai kegiatan sosialisasi dan kerja sama. Fasilitas PAUD ditingkatkan untuk menciptakan ruang belajar yang aman dan menyenangkan, dengan penyediaan alat peraga dan bahan ajar yang mendukung proses pembelajaran. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa sinergi antara pendidik, orang tua, dan komunitas sangat penting dalam membangun lingkungan belajar yang inklusif dan mendukung perkembangan anak secara optimal. Rekomendasi untuk keberlanjutan program ini meliputi perlunya dukungan berkelanjutan dari pemerintah daerah dan institusi pendidikan, serta pengembangan lebih lanjut dari program pelatihan untuk pendidik PAUD. Diharapkan, model pengabdian ini dapat diadopsi oleh PAUD lain di Kabupaten Ciamis dan daerah sekitarnya untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan anak usia dini. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini, juga ditemukan bahwa anak-anak menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan sosial dan emosional mereka, yang merupakan indikator penting keberhasilan lingkungan belajar yang inklusif. Evaluasi berkelanjutan terhadap dampak jangka panjang program ini akan dilakukan untuk memastikan bahwa perubahan positif yang dihasilkan dapat dipertahankan dan ditingkatkan. Penelitian lebih lanjut direkomendasikan untuk mengidentifikasi strategi tambahan yang dapat lebih mengoptimalkan pengalaman belajar anak di PAUD.

This study aims to determine the increase in production capacity through genetic quality improvement using selection techniques with the production capability test method in Tegal ducks. The research was conducted using an experimental method, using a nested pattern experimental design, male as treatment, female as sub-treatment, offspring as replicates, and production characteristics as observations. The selection population of Tegal ducks consisted of 10 males, 50 females, and their offspring. Production characteristics recorded included egg weight, hatching weight, and egg production. Egg production measured was Hen Day Production (HDP) at the initial laying period for 90 days. Assessment of genetic quality using individual breeding values (BV). Each individual's breeding value is calculated, and then the estimated breeding value (EBV) results are arranged based on their rank. Selection of parent candidates is done by maintaining 25, 50, and 75% of the total population. Selection results are obtained by estimating the selection response using different selection intensities. The results showed that the average and standard deviation of the characteristics of egg weight, hatching weight, and percentage of egg production in Tegal ducks were 67.76 ± 4.57 g, 40.40 ± 2.16 g, and 63.33 ± 10.89 %, respectively. Heritability values (h2) and standard error of egg weight characteristics, hatching weight, and percentage of egg production in Tegal ducks were 0.47 ± 0.032, 0.39 ± 0.0589, and 0.512 ± 0.071, respectively. The assessment for selection response was conducted based on three factors - egg weight, hatching weight, and percentage of egg production each week. The proportions were maintained at 25%, 50%, and 75%, respectively. The egg weight proportions were 0.46, 0.29, and 0.15, while the hatching weight proportions were 0.71, 0.45, and 0.23, respectively. The percentage of egg production each week was 47.92%, 30.18%, and 15.85%, respectively. The study’s results revealed that the intensity of selection and selection response of the Tegal duck were higher when smaller proportions were used in the selection process. It should be noted that the production characteristics used in the selection process were different, which resulted in varying heritability values and selection responses. Overall, these findings suggest that careful consideration of the selection factors is necessary to achieve optimal results in the selection process of the Tegal duck

The aim of this research was to compare morphometric differences and to determine the presence of MC4R gene polymorphisms in Red Kedu and Kampung chickens. This research used a total of 98 Red Kedu and Kampung chickens. The 37-week-old chickens were subjected to experimental study with morphometric measurements. PCR used a pair of MC4R primers based on GenBank access number AB01221 to amplify the PCR targets 221 base pairs long. Data analysis used the t-test to compare the morphometrics between Red Kedu and Kampung chickens. The genotype frequency, gene frequency, heterozygosity, and genetic distances determine the presence of polymorphisms. Analysis of variance to determine the effect of genotype on body weight and shank length. The results showed significant differences (P0.05) between male and female Red Kedu and Kampung chickens in terms of body morphometric parameters. Sequencing of the PCR product found SNP in base pair 54GC. GC and GG genotype frequencies of Red Kedu chicken were 0.51 and 0.49, while those of Kampung chicken were 0.32, 0.50, and the CC genotype was 0.18. Allele frequency for G and C of Red Kedu and Kampung chickens were 0.74 vs. 0.26 and 0.66 vs. 0.34, respectively, and the heterozygosity was 38% and 45%, respectively. The genetic distance between Red Kedu and Kampung chickens showed a close kinship of 0.42. Conclusively, the association of the MC4R gene had no significant effect (P0.05) on body weight and shank length, and therefore, the MC4R gene could not be used as a marker assisted selection.

One part of the Sari watershed, which was a strategic area for Bima City, was the Kawae Block protected forest area. This forest area acted as a catchment area for the Bima City Region and supports the lives of the people of Wawo, Bima Regency and its surroundings. In the last decade, the Kawae Block protected forest area has come under pressure from vulnerability in several ways, especially pressure from destruction due to illegal logging and encroachment on forest areas for farming of seasonal crops (corn). The aim of this research were to analyze the factors that directly cause damage and the economic value of damage as well as the economic value of potential natural resources in the Kawae Block Protected Forest Area. This research was conducted in the Kawae KH Block Protected Forest Area. Maria/RTK 25 BKPH Maria Donggomasa Provincial LHK Service. NTB with an area of 1,500 hectares. The sample used was 210 respondents. The variables used in this research were the price value of NTFPs and the price value of water to calculate the value of direct benefits of forest areas, ecological benefits, flood control and carbon emission reduction/carbon credits to calculate the value of indirect benefits of areas and the value of biodiversity to calculate the value of selected benefits. Data analysis was carried out for regional economic valuation using the total economic value valuation method (Total Economic Value). The research resulted in the factors that directly cause damage to the area; they were land burning, encroachment on areas for agricultural land for seasonal crops/corn, excessive community management, rosewood theft/illegal logging and opening of farming roads. Meanwhile, the total economic value of the HL Kawae Block area was IDR. 61,135,306,500,-. The economic value resulting from sustainable forest management is much more profitable than the results of cultivating seasonal crops (especially corn).

Background and Aim:With the increasing cost of bulk raw materials and advancements in the feed enzyme industry, corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) have shown more opportunities for use in broiler diets. Supplementation with multiple enzymes could mitigate anti-nutritional factors in DDGS, enhance nutrient digestibility, and thereby increase its utilization in broiler diets, leading to reduced feed costs. This study evaluated the effects of multienzyme supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal morphology, and pellet quality in broiler chickens fed diets containing conventional levels of DDGS (C-DDGS) and higher levels of DDGS (H-DDGS). Materials and Methods:A total of 800 1-day-old Cobb 500 chicks was assigned to four dietary treatments with eight replicates of 25 birds each: C-DDGS (5% DDGS in Starter and 10% in Grower), C-DDGS + Enzyme (C-DDGS diet supplemented with multienzyme), H-DDGS (10% and 20%) + Enzyme (H-DDGS diet supplemented with multienzyme, 10% DDGS in Starter and 20% in Grower), and H-DDGS (15% and 30%) + Enzyme. Results:The C-DDGS + enzyme diet increased (p < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG), reduced the feed conversion ratio, enhanced (p < 0.05) digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein, and hemicellulose (HC), and improved (p < 0.05) intestinal villus height and villus: crypt ratio of broilers. The H-DDGS (10% and 20%) + enzyme diet exhibited no difference in (p > 0.05) growth performance, nutrient digestibility (except HC), and intestinal morphological parameters, whereas the H-DDGS (15% and 30%) + enzyme diet decreased (p < 0.05) feed intake and BWG and reduced (p < 0.05) energy and DM digestibility by impact (p < 0.05) intestinal morphology compared with the C-DDGS enzyme-free diet. The H-DDGS diet had lower (p < 0.05) pellet hardness and poorer durability than the C-DDGS diet. Conclusion:Supplementing multienzyme in the C-DDGS (5% and 10%) diet improved growth performance from day 0 to 28 and diminished growth performance in the H-DDGS (15% and 30%) diet by influencing intestinal morphology and feed pellet quality in broiler chickens. In addition, when supplemented with multienzyme, the dietary DDGS level can be safely included at levels of 10% in 0-7 days and 20% in 8-28 days of age.

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan valuasi sumber daya air serta pemanfaatan air sungai bawa tanah yang berkelanjutan di Kawasan Gua Leang Lonrong. Data yang digunakan data sekunder berupa data Debit Air tahun 2015-2020 yang diperoleh dari Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai Pompengan Jeneberang (BBWS). Kemudian menganalisis data debit air harian untuk menghitung besarnya ketersediaan air di Sungai Leang Lonrong dengan menghitung nilai rata-rata debit air harian selama 6 (enam) tahun kemudian membuat plot grafik air harian pada Microsoft excel 2016. Selanjutnya melakukan prediksi debit air pada sumber air di Sungai Leang Lonrong untuk meramalkan pola yang akan datang dengan pendekatan model ARIMA dengan cara melakukan Uji Stasior data, mencari model ARIMA, melakukan pengujian ARIMA dan melakukan peramalan (prediksi) berdasarkan data debit air yang diperoleh untuk melihat ketersediaan Air Sungai Bawah Tanah di Gua Leang Lonrong. Hasil analisis debit air berdasarkan hasil prediksi (2021-2024) di Kawasan Gua Leang Lonrong memiliki debit air tertinggi pada bulan Desember tahun 2024 sebesar 4,41 /s atau 139,1 /tahun sedangkan debit air terendah terjadi pada bulan September tahun 2021 sebesar 2,81 /s atau 88,63 /tahun ini menunjukkan bahwa keberlanjutan ketersediaan air selalu ada tiap tahunnya sehingga daya dukung air ditentukan oleh kemampuan ketersediaan air ini berarti bahwa hasil pengolahan data yang diperoleh tidak sesuai dengan teori ini dikarenakan debit air sungai Leang Lonrong dapat berubah-ubah menurut curah hujan dan keadaan biofisik DAS.Kata Kunci:Leang Lonrong, Wisata Mandiri, Debit Air

Adjustment of trait records for different non-genetic factors increases the accuracy of genetic parameters and enables more accurate selection. This study aimed to investigate the non-genetic factors affecting reproductive traits in Saanen goats at the Baturraden breeding centre, Indonesia. The data of 71 Saanen does from the years 2014 to 2021 consisted of reproductive traits, namely, total birth weight (TBW), age at first kidding (AFK), kidding interval (KI), litter size (LS), multiple birth rate (MBR) and kidding failure rate (KFR). Non-genetic factors explored included parity, season of kidding (SK), and year of kidding (YK). The data was analysed using STATISTICA statistical package version 8.0. First, the descriptive statistics of reproductive traits were analysed; second, the effect of non-genetic factors on reproductive traits was analysed using one-way ANOVA. The mean ± SE values for the descriptive analysis were LS (1.28±0.41), TBW (6.35±0.24 kg), KI (9.46±0.28 months), AFK (15.63±0.64 months), MBR (29%) and KFR (17%). The one-way ANOVA results indicated significant effects of parity (p<0.05) on TBW and LS, while SK had a significant effect on AFK (p<0.0001), and YK had significant effects on TBW, AFK (p<0.0001), and LS (p<0.001). The TBW, LS and MBR increased as parity advanced, while KI declined with parity. The AFK was higher in dry season (19.3±3.58 months) than in wet season (13.3±3.05 months). Therefore, the study concluded that non-genetic factors have a significant effect on reproductive traits. Adjusting reproductive traits for significant non-genetic factors increases the accuracy of estimated genetic parameters and selection programs for these traits in Saanen goats.

Penggunaan pengencer komersial pada pembuatan semen beku kambing PE umum digunakan di Indonesia. Namun penggunaan pengencer komersial ini memiliki kelemahan, yaitu masa simpan yang pendek dan keterbatasan akses perolehan barang yang tidak tersedia setiap saat, terutama untuk balai inseminasi buatan daerah (BIBD). Untuk itu perlu diketahui tentang pengaruh beberapa jenis pengencer berbasis skim dan tris yang telah dikembangkan terhadap kualitas semen cair dan semen beku kambing PE, sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif ketika pengencer komersial tidak tersedia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan 5 jenis pengencer yaitu : P1 : Pengencer Andromed (Andromed) , P2 : Pengencer Skim + Kuning Telur (SKT), P3 : Pengencer Skim + 1% Soybean lecithin (SSL), P4 : Pengencer Tris + Kuning telur (TKT), P5 : Pengencer Tris + 1% Soybean lecithin (TSL). Semen segar yang digunakan berasal dari 1 ekor kambing PE yang dipelihara dan dikoleksi semennya sesuai SOP BIB Ungaran. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa jenis pengencer berpengaruh nyata terhadap motilitas, viabilitas dan persentase membran plasma utuh semen cair dan semen beku kambing PE (P <0,05). Motilitas, viabilitas dan persentase membran plasma utuh tertinggi didapatkan pada perlakuan jenis pengencer Andromed (P1) dan yang terendah pada perlakuan pengencer Skim-Soybean Lecithin (P3). Namun pada kondisi pengencer komersial tidak tersedia, jenis pengencer berbasis skim dan tris dengan kuning telur dapat dipergunakan sebagai alternatif pengencer untuk pembuatan semen beku kambing PE.