A nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite and a novel material composed of ZSM-5 nanoparticles and silicon carbide were synthesized directly in the proton form via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and tested for the first time as catalysts for rapeseed oil conversion. Both catalysts achieved 100

Co- and Ni-based catalysts derived from aluminum–magnesium hydrotalcites were investigated for the hydrogenation of carbon-rich (up to 66 wt

The conversion of rapeseed oil using a catalytic material containing HMFI zeolite and silicon carbide was studied for the first time. The synthesized material effectively catalyzes the conversion of rapeseed oil into liquid hydrocarbons that mostly contain aromatic hydrocarbons, including a mixture of isomeric xylenes, in which thep-xylene content reaches 75%.

A new method for the synthesis of nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite with the MFI structure in the proton form is reported. The material was synthesized by the hydrothermal-microwave method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, low-temperature nitrogen physisorption, thermal desorption of ammonia and solidstate 27 Al NMR. The synthesized material is formed by zeolite particles of 30-80 nm in size, which ensures its high specific surface area, pore volume and interparticle porosity.

A series of catalysts based on mesoporous ceria solid solutions containing NiCo active component was synthesized via coprecipitation, impregnation, hydrothermal and core-shell (sol-gel) methods and applied to partial oxidation and dry reforming of methane. In the co-precipitated and impregnated catalysts, a better NiCo dispersion and a stronger interaction between NiCo species and the ceriabased support in comparison with other catalysts were observed, which affected activity and selectivity. Thus, simpler methods of applying the active component were more advantageous owing to the manifestation of strong metal-support interactions.

The equilibrium parameters of steam isobutanol reforming were calculated. These include the H 2 yield, selectivity with respect to carbon-containing gases, and feed conversion. The calculated data, on the whole, agree with the published data and experimental values of the isobutanol conversion and yield of isobutyraldehyde and higher alkanes on Ni–Co catalysts supported on biochars prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose. On the other hand, the calculated yields of H 2 , СО, and СН 4 disagree with the experimental data, which suggests that the equilibrium in the experiments on the steam isobutanol reforming on this catalyst is not attained. Feeding a homogeneous mixture of water, isobutanol, and ethanol into the reactor at 700°С allows the Н 2 yield to be increased from 58 to 66% and the water conversion, from 58 to 76% compared to the steam reforming of isobutanol without ethanol. The addition of ethanol allows the coking to be significantly reduced and the H 2 and СО yield higher than 90% at 900°С to be reached.

The paper describes a novel high-performance catalyst that was developed for partial oxidation of methane (POM) and dry reforming of methane (DRM) into synthesis gas. The catalyst is based on samarium cobaltite dispersed in a samarium oxide matrix. Unlike its known counterparts based on samarium cobaltate, the novel catalyst is resistant to carbonization and contains active sites that exhibit higher syngas productivity.

Conversion of isobutyl alcohol over the HMFI/SiC composite has been for the first time studied. Isobutanol (bioisobutanol) considered as a promising product of biomass processing was catalytically converted into aromatic hydrocarbons of the benzene–toluene–xylene fraction (BTX) and olefins C2–C4 (mainly propylene and butenes). Compared with the pure zeolite, the incorporation of HMFI into the SiC matrix enhanced the yields of C2–C4 olefins and BTX in the isobutanol conversion due to increased densities of Brønsted and Lewis acid centers

Syngas is crucial raw for the production of hydrogen-rich gas for green energy and for various petrochemical processes. Herein, we report the Syngas production via partial oxidation of methane (POM) on new SmCoO3-derived catalysts produced from simple in-dividual precursor. Precursor modified by supercritical antisolvent precipitation (SAS) involving supercritical CO2 yields SmCoO3 with finer grains, and the catalytic activity of respective Co/Sm2O3 composite formed in situ during POM is considerably enchanced. This catalyst does not undergo coking, and provides CO and H2 yields of 75-88% for 55 h at 900 degrees C, thereby being the most efficient POM catalysts derived from non-substituted LnCoO3. Thus, the prospects of exploiting SAS modification of the precursor for SmCoO3 to enhance the catalytic activity of the daughter Co/Sm2O3 composites are demonstrated for the first time. Given the overall simplicity in production, studied Co/Sm2O3 composites can also be convenient systems for further development of POM catalysts.(c) 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Solid solutions Nd2−xSrxNiO4±δ (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.2, 1.4) with a K2NiF4 structure can be obtained from freeze-dried precursors. The end members of this series can be obtained at T ≥ 1000 °C only, while complex oxides with x = 1; 1.5 are formed at T ≥ 700 °C. Thermal analysis revealed the two stages of Nd2−xSrxNiO4±δ thermal reduction in a 10%H2/Ar gas mixture that was completed at 900 °C. For x < 0.2, the reduction products demonstrated an exsolution-like morphology with Ni nanoparticles allocated at the surface of oxide grains. As-obtained nanocomposites with x = 0 and x > 1 revealed the outstanding catalytic activity and selectivity in the dry reforming of the methane (DRM) reaction at 800 °C with CH4 conversion close to the thermodynamic values. The appearance of two different maxima of the catalytic properties of Ni/(Nd2O3,SrCO3) nanocomposites could be affiliated with the domination of the positive contributions of Nd2O3 and SrCO3, respectively.

Since 2014, the joint research team from the Institute of Earth Sciences, Northern Water Problems Institute KRC RAS, the Science Park of Moscow State University, as well as FSBI “VNIIOkeangeologia”, and Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia has begun a study of Quaternary deposits of Onega and Ladoga Lakes, the largest Russian lakes located on the eastern periphery of the Baltic crystalline shield. Using large volume of data collected in previous studies, and new data obtained by multichannel seismoacoustic profiling and heavy gravity corers, as well as new methods for core analysis the main attention was paid to the geological development of these lakes in the Late Pleistocene-Holocene. The study of the lake Quaternary deposits makes it possible to accurately understand the dynamics of the Scandinavian Ice Shield retreat from the North-Western territory of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the major influence of the glaciers on the lakes formation during its degradation makes it possible to draw regional paleogeographic correlations, starting from the Baltic and ending with the White Sea. The history of the lake basins formation is also of considerable interest, given that there are practically no Phanerozoic deposits. The geological section of the lakes is represented by both Archean-Proterozoic and Quaternary formations.The article discusses the analysis of new data obtained using multichannel seismoacoustic profiling and long sediment cores (Lake Onega), results of mathematical modeling of cycles of lake basins development (glacial, glacial-lake, lacustrine), and their correlation with the paleogeographic development of the White Sea.

Ni-, Co- and Ni-Co-containing catalysts for steam reforming of isobutanol were obtained by biochar impregnation with water-alcohol solutions of metal salts. Biochar was synthesised by the hydrothermal carbonisation of cellulose with subsequent thermal treatment of the obtained materials under the conditions of limited oxygen access. The catalysts were characterised using a complex of physicochemical methods (IR spectroscopy, BET, temperature programmable desorption of ammonia, scanning electron microscopy in combination with local electron microprobe analysis, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis). It is found that the sample 2.5%Ni-2.5%Co/C (where the number before the metal symbol means its mass content calculated for the mass of reduced catalyst, %) provides a high yield of hydrogen (58%) from isobutanol reforming.

A new approach to preparing a series of Co/Sm2O3 catalysts for hydrogen production by the dry reforming of methane has been developed. The catalyst precursors were synthesized with a simple method, including the evaporation of aqueous solutions of cobalt and samarium nitrates, followed by a short-term calcination of the resulting material. The as-prepared and spent catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The content of cobalt in the synthesized materials affects their phase composition and carbonization resistance in the dry reforming of the methane reaction. It has been shown that preheating in N2 atmosphere produces catalysts that provide a stable yield of hydrogen and CO of 94–98% for at least 50 h at 900 °C. These yields are among the highest currently available for the dry reforming of methane catalysts made from Co-Sm complex oxides. It has been established that the decrease in the amount of cobalt in the catalyst and its preheating to an operating temperature of 900 °C in a nitrogen flow help to prevent the carbonization of the catalyst and the sintering of metal particles.

A new ruthenium(II) cage complex with polar terminal groups in the apical substituents has been synthesized; the molecular design of the complex contributes to the effective immobilization of it due to the adsorption on the surface of a heat-resistant highly porous silicate fibrous material used as a support. The complex has been synthesized by the template condensation of cyclohexanedione-1,2-dioxime (nioxime) and 4-(hydroxymethyl)phenylboronic acid on the ruthenium(II) ion using a [Ru(CH3CN)3(COD)Cl](BF4) solvatocomplex as a source of Ru2+ cations. The composition and structure of the synthesized macrobicyclic compound have been determined using data of elemental analysis, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. It has been shown that the synthesized hybrid material with immobilized ruthenium clathrochelate catalyzes the dry reforming of methane. The productivity of the catalyst system at 900°C achieves 9437 mol CO and 11797 mol H2 per gram-atom of ruthenium per hour.

Perovskite LaNiO3 is of immense significance in a range of fields such as heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, new convenient approach for preparing LaNiO3 via thermolysis of new simple complexes, [Ni (bpy)(3)] [La (NO3)(5)(MeCN)] (1, bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine) and [Ni (phen)(3)] [La (NO3)(5)(H2O)]center dot 2MeCN (2, phen is 1,10-phenanthroline), is reported. These first examples of unambiguously characterized LaNiO3 precursors are chemically stable and can be synthesized rapidly in good yields. While virtually monophasic LaNiO3 can be prepared from 2 via only 3-h annealing on air at 800 degrees C, there are always minor admixtures in oxide samples prepared from 1. Peculiarities of intrinsic thermal transformations of 1 and 2 affecting such difference have been revealed. Thus, 1 and 2 are the first series of compositionally related heterometallic La-Ni complexes studied as precursors for LaNiO3-based ceramics. Comparatively high surface areas of LaNiO3-based ceramics produced from 1 and 2 at 800 degrees C determine its high catalytic activity towards dry reforming of methane (DRM) to syngas. Nearly quantitative CH4 and CO2 conversions as well as CO and H-2 yields were achieved in 800-900 degrees C range without preliminary reduction to Ni/La2O3 composites. Thus, LaNiO3-based ceramics prepared from 1 and 2 are good precursors for in situ production of efficient catalysts for DRM.

The dry reforming of methane to syngas (DRM) is of increasing significance concerning, first, the production of raw materials for commercial organic/petrochemical syntheses and for hydrogen energetic, and, second, the utilization of two most harmful greenhouse gases. Herein, new SmCoO3-based DRM catalysts derived from heterometallic precursors and operated without preliminary reduction are reported. For the first time, the effect of supercritical fluids-assisted modification of the SmCoO3-derived catalysts combined with the re-oxidation of spent catalysts to SmCoO3 onto its long-term performance was studied. In particular, the modification of heterometallic precursors by supercritical antisolvent precipitation (SAS) considerably decreases coke formation upon the exploitation of the derived SmCoO3 sample. Moreover, the re-oxidation of the corresponding spent catalysts followed by pre-heating under N2 affords catalysts that stably provide syngas yields of 88-95% for at least 41 h at 900 °C. The achieved yields are among the highest ones currently reported for DRM catalysts derived from both LnMO3 perovskites and related oxides. The origins of such good performance are discussed. Given the simplicity and availability of all the applied methods and chemicals, this result opens prospects for exploiting SAS in the design of efficient DRM catalysts.

New ruthenium(II) clathrochelate with terminal polar and H+- acidic carboxyl groups, designed for its effective immobilization on a surface of the highly porous silicate fibrous material TZMK, was obtained using the template condensation of cyclohexanedione-1,2-dioxime (nioxime) and 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid on the ruthenium(II) ion as a matrix; the solvatocomplex [Ru(CH3CN)(3)(COD)Cl](BF4) was used as a source of Ru2+ cations. Thus obtained ruthenium(II) clathrochelate was characterized using elemental analysis, MALDI-TOF mass, UV- vis, H-1 and C-13{H-1} NMR spectra, and by the single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment as well. The hybrid TZMK-based catalytic material, prepared by its immobilization on a surface of this ceramic support, was tested as a catalyst of dry reforming of methane. At the rate of a feeding of the initial reagents (CH4:CO2 =1) equal to 12.7 g(-1)center dot L per h, their conversions at 900 degrees C fall in the ranges 7-8 and 11-13 %, respectively, while the yields of H-2 and CO were from 2.2 to 2.5% and 4.4 to 4.6 %, respectively. The CO performance of this ruthenium-containing hybrid system reaches approximately 560 mL center dot g(-1) (cat) per h, thus corresponding to 4.3 mol/g-atom of Ru per h. Decrease in the rate of an initial reagents feeding up to 6.4 mol center dot L-1 per h caused an increase in the conversions of CH4 and CO2 up to 14 - 15 and 26 - 28 %, respectively, with a simultaneous increase in the yields of H-2 and CO up to 5.3 - 6.3 and 11 - 12 %, respectively. In the latter case, the CO performance reaches 724 mL center dot g(-1)(cat) per h (5.4 mol/g-atom of Ru per h).

High-performance catalysts for partial oxidation (POM) and dry reforming of methane (DRM) into synthesis gas with a yield of more than 90% have been developed. The GC, XRD, SEM, TGA, and TEM methods of analysis demonstrate that the catalysts generated from presynthesized SmCoO3 and PrNi0.5Co0.5O3 materials exhibited high catalytic performance in DRM and contained nanoparticles of cobalt and nickel metals and samarium or praseodymium oxides. Due to the method employed in this study for SmCoO3 the catalyst prepared from this precursor showed higher syngas selectivity, both in DRM and POM, than catalysts with similar compositions prepared by a citrate method. It was also demonstrated that the PrNi0.5Co0.5O3 catalyst prereduced in hydrogen was more efficient in POM than the sample reduced in the reagent flow.

A series of K2NiF4-like complex oxides Nd2-xCaxNiO4 (x = 0-0.4) was obtained by the freeze drying synthesis method. Thermal decomposition of these precursors in H-2 at 900 degrees C resulted in the formation of Ni/(Nd2O3,CaO) composites with different Nd2O3/CaO ratios. Their microstructure was similar to the products of the redox exsolution of perovskites: spherical 30 nm particles of Ni metal were allocated at the surface of dense agglomerates of Nd2O3 and CaO grains. The as-obtained composites demonstrated significant catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability in the reactions of dry reforming and partial oxidation of methane (DRM and POM, respectively) at T >= 800 degrees C.