Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) represents a major threat to maize production across Pakistan, with chemical control serving as the predominant management approach. The intensive application of insecticides, particularly diamide compounds such as chlorantraniliprole, has escalated concerns regarding resistance evolution in field populations. This study evaluated the insecticidal efficacy of seven commonly used compounds against geographically diverse field-collected populations of S. frugiperda from major maize-growing regions of Pakistan, revealing significant inter-population variability in susceptibility profiles. Chlorantraniliprole was selected for comprehensive transgenerational screening based on moderate baseline LC50 values and optimal laboratory colony establishment parameters. A representative field strain underwent six consecutive generations of selection pressure at LC70 concentrations, resulting in a 4.48-fold increase in resistance levels with a realized heritability (h2) of 0.198. Predictive modeling using established quantitative genetic frameworks demonstrated that resistance evolution rates are critically dependent on both selection intensity and genetic parameters. Under constant h2 = 0.198, increasing selection intensity substantially accelerated resistance development, with 10-fold resistance achievable in approximately 18 generations at 80% selection intensity (slope = 2.696) compared to 36 generations at lower intensities (slope = 4.696). Sensitivity analysis revealed that heritability variations from 0.148 to 0.248 could reduce generation requirements from >40 to ~25 generations when slope was maintained at 3.696. Life table analyses of the chlorantraniliprole-selected strain demonstrated significant fitness costs manifested as extended developmental periods, reduced reproductive output, and decreased intrinsic rate of population increase (r), indicating evolutionary trade-offs associated with resistance acquisition. These findings provide crucial insights for developing sustainable management strategies, highlighting the importance of integrating resistance monitoring, refuge-based approaches, and rotation with insecticides of different modes of action to delay resistance buildup in field populations. Such data-driven management frameworks are vital for maintaining the long-term efficacy of diamides in Pakistan’s maize production systems.

Rice stem borer (RSB) Chilo suppressalis Walker, is a globally voracious pest of the rice crop and has resistance against various insecticides. It is exciting that the novel meta-diamide insecticide cyproflanilide has demonstrated high efficacy against RSB. Therefore, the intergenerational sublethal effects on the parental (F0) and the subsequent offspring (F1) generation were further explored by using the age-stage TWOSEX-MS Chart program in this study. The bioassay results showed the LC50, LC30, and LC10 of 0.046 mg/kg, 0.035 mg/kg, and 0.024 mg/kg, respectively after 96 h. For the biological parameters, the larval duration was prolonged by 1.84 d and 1.43 d in the LC30 groups of the F0 and F1, respectively, while the mean female pupal weight, pupation rate, and emergence rate were significantly decreased in both generations. The mean fecundity was reduced by 20.5 and 10.96 eggs/female in the LC30 groups of the F0 and F1, respectively. Meanwhile, a non-significant difference was observed in the population parameters, but the mean generation time (T) significantly increased by 1.21 d for the LC30 group in the F1 generation. The relative fitness (Rf) costs were 0.64 for LC10 and 0.70 for LC30 in the F0 generation, while 0.85 for LC10 and 0.76 for LC30 in the F1 generation. These findings highlight the potential of sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC30) of cyproflanilide to alter key biological and population parameters of RSB, providing valuable insights for its integrated pest management program (IPM) in the field.

The rice stem borer (RSB), Chilo suppressalis Walker, is a major agricultural pest resistant to multiple insecticides, emphasizing the need for novel insecticides. Fluxametamide, a recently developed isoxazoline insecticide, has demonstrated strong efficacy against lepidopteran pests, including RSB. In this study, the resistance risk of RSB to fluxametamide was evaluated, along with the potential fitness costs associated with resistance. After 10 generations of continuous selection, the LC50 values for third-instar larvae of RSB increased from 0.195 mg/kg to 0.392 mg/kg, resulting in a 2.01-fold rise in resistance. The realized heritability (h2) was 0.082, and the predicted rate of resistance development suggested that with a slope of 1.920 and h2 of 0.082, a 10-fold increase in LC50 would require 13 to 29 generations using selection intensities of 90 % and 50 %, respectively. The life table analysis showed a significant increase in durations of the egg stage, first-and sixth-instar larvae, for the fluxametamide-selected (Flux-SEL) strain, while the pupal durations, male and female longevity, pupal weights, and fecundity were significantly reduced compared to the laboratory strain (WT). A significant decrease in the intrinsic rate of increase (r), the finite rate of increase (lambda), and the net reproduction rate (R0) was also observed in the Flux-SEL strain. The final relative fitness (Rf) value of 0.52 was obtained after 10 generations of selection. These findings provide an understanding of laboratory-induced insecticide resistance evolution and the related fitness costs in RSB. This information is valuable for developing effective fluxametamide application strategies aimed at managing resistance in RSB.

Cyantraniliprole is a novel anthranilic diamide insecticide commonly used against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda; however, sublethal exposure of cyantraniliprole on different generations of S. frugiperda, has not been fully studied. This proposed study aimed to estimate the sublethal effects of cyantraniliprole on the biological and demographic parameters of parental generation (F-0) and intergenerational effects on the offspring generation (F-1) of S. frugiperda using Age-stage, two-sex life table software. The bioassay result proved the strong toxicity of cyantraniliprole toward S. frugiperda, as demonstrated by an LC50 value of 0.439 mg/kg after 96 h treatment. The larval duration of F-0 S. frugiperda significantly increased when treated with the low lethal (LC30) and sublethal (LC10) concentrations of cyantraniliprole. Adult longevities were decreased while pupal duration was increased in the treated groups. The adult preoviposition period (APOP) and total preoviposition period (TPOP) were higher in the treated groups compared to the control. Moreover, the fecundity was significantly decreased at the LC10 and LC30 in the F-0 and F-1 generations, respectively. For the F-0 generation, the relative fitness (R-f) for the LC10 and LC30 were 0.45 and 0.32, while for the F-1 generation, the values were 0.65 and 0.48, respectively. In summary, our results showed that life table characteristics of S. frugiperda were negatively affected by LC10 and LC30 of cyantraniliprole, ultimately inhibiting population growth. These findings may be crucial for understanding the overall impact of cyantraniliprole on the life-history traits of S. frugiperda, potentially aiding in the management of this invasive pest in open-field conditions.

Spodoptera frugiperda is a serious threat to various crops, such as corn and rice, and results in severe economic losses. Herein, a chitin synthase sfCHS highly expressed in the epidermis of S. frugiperda was screened, and when interfered by an sfCHS-siRNA nanocomplex, most individuals could not ecdysis (mortality rate 53.3 %) or pupate (abnormal pupation 80.6 %). Based on the results of structure-based virtual screening, cyromazine (CYR, binding free energy-57.285 kcal/mol) could inhibit ecdysis (LC50, 19.599 mu g/g). CYR-CS/siRNA nanoparticles encap-sulating CYR and SfCHS-siRNA with chitosan (CS) were successfully prepared, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and 74.9 mg/g CYR was characterized in the core of CYR-CS/siRNA by high-performance liquid chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Small amounts of prepared CYR-CS/siRNA containing only 1.5 mu g/g CYR could better inhibit chitin synthesis in the cuticle and peritrophic membrane (mortality rate 84.4 %). Therefore, chitosan/siRNA nanoparticle-loaded pesticides were useful for pesticide reduction and comprehensive control of S. frugiperda.

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), is a wide-reaching notorious insect pest of important cereal crops, which has developed resistance to multiple classes of insecticides. It invaded the Sichuan Province of China in 2019. In this study, we performed resistance monitoring of insecticides for 11 field-collected populations from Sichuan, and all the populations were susceptible to emamectin benzoate and chlorpyrifos. The variations in resistance level to indoxacarb (resistance ratio (RR), 9.23-45.53-fold), spinetoram (RR, 4.32-18.05-fold), and chlorantraniliprole (RR, 2.02-10.39-fold) were observed among these populations. To investigate the resistance mechanism of chlorantraniliprole, synergism tests were performed and showed that piperonyl butoxide had a slight synergistic effect on chlorantraniliprole for the QJ-20 population (1.43-fold) in moderate resistance (RR, 10.39-fold) compared with the treatment group without synergist. Furthermore, the expression scanning for resistance-related genes showed that five P450 genes (CYP6AE43, CYP321A8, CYP305A1, CYP49A1, and CYP306A1) and the ryanodine receptor gene (Ryr, chlorantraniliprole target) were overexpressed in the QJ-20 population. These results indicated that the fall armyworm in Sichuan has exhibited diverse susceptibilities to several classes of insecticides, and the overexpression of Ryr and several P450 genes may contribute to the development of resistance in S. frugiperda to chlorantraniliprole.

Introduction: Spodoptera frugiperda is an important nomadic agricultural pest with a diverse host range and resistance against several insecticides. The current study investigated the life history traits of two strains of the field-collected population against chlorantraniliprole using an age-stage two-sex life table. Method: For this, we established the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible (Crp-SUS G 12 ), and chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible (Crp-RES G 12 ) strains derived from the sixth generation of the QJ-20 population having a resistance ratio (RR) of 10.39-fold, compared with the reported susceptible population. Results: The results showed that the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain attained a 4.0-fold RR, while the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain attained an RR of 0.85-fold, having overlapped fiducial limits (FLs) with the referred susceptible baseline. Meanwhile, the present study revealed that the development time of the susceptible strain was significantly longer than that of the reduced susceptible strain. Similarly, the mean longevity, adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), and total pre-oviposition period (TPOP) of the female chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain were considerably longer than those of the female chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain. Contrarily, the population parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase ( r ), finite rate of increase ( λ ), and net reproductive rate ( R ), of the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain were considerably lower than those of the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain, while the mean generation time ( T ) of the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain was substantially longer than the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain. The age-stage characteristic survival rate ( s xj ) and age-stage characteristic life expectancy ( e xj ) of the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain were longer than those of the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain, but the age-stage-specific reproductive value ( v xj ) of the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain was shorter than that of the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain. Moreover, the contents of vitellogenin (Vg) and VgR in the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain were higher than those in the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain. Discussion: These findings showed that reducing susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole promoted population growth in S. frugiperda . Therefore, this study could provide conceptual support for the integrated pest management (IPM) approach to control S. frugiperda in the field.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1155455.].

The cloud-based devices face many threats these days due to shared resources like power. The attacker measures the power by using some remote sensors which are present in attacker tenants. These sensors get partial or full access to a power distribution network (PDN) and work as a backdoor for the attacker. In our research, we explored potential security issues which involved power analysis-based side-channel attacks (SCAs) on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). We have made three major contributions to our research paper. First, we have discussed the power analysis or power profiling of FPGA, which is dependent upon voltage fluctuations' leakage while performing some encryption tasks. The voltage fluctuations of the cryptographic module are measured by some physical source like an oscilloscope or remote source like delay line sensors. Second, we have discussed potential power analysis-based SCAs that used these measurements of voltage fluctuations to extract the secret key. Third, we have designed a framework based on machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models to perform secret key predictions and successful attacks. Firstly, our custom convolutional neural networks (CNN) model has revealed all 16 bytes of the secret key and performed a successful attack with only 570 attack power traces. Secondly, the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) model has successfully attacked only using 3200 traces using the same framework. Overall we have achieved a better performance in terms of the required number of power traces for a successful attack, training time, prediction time, and attack time.

Biotic or abiotic stresses reduce leaf area of soybean plants in the intercropping system, especially during critical reproductive growth phase (from pod-initiation to physiological-maturity) of soybean, which finally influences yield and yield components. However, total yield loss due to reduction in soybean leaf area under maize/soybean intercropping system is still unclear. In a three-year field study, an experiment consisted of four treatments: no removal of trifoliate (CK, 100

In recent years, there are many attacks revealed that can extract secret information from systems. These attacks are so powerful and serious threat to the security of systems. The side-channel attacks which use the power leakage of the cryptographic circuit during performing any operation to obtain a secret key are called power-based side-channel attacks. In this paper, we present a novel definition to explain these attacks, we present the difference between physical and remote power profiling methods and attacks. For our survey, we collect the more related and main information contained about power profiling-based attacks for purpose of a better literature survey. For the prevention of these attacks, we present the countermeasures based on masking and hiding techniques. We also present a brief discussion on attacks and their countermeasures.

The resistance prevalence of chemical fungicides has caused increasingly serious agro-ecological environmental problems. However, there are few previous reports about resistance to succinate dehydrogenase (SDHI) or sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) in Rhizoctonia solani, one of the main agro-diseases. In this study, the fungicide resistance of 122 R. solani isolates in Sichuan Province was monitored by the mycelial growth rate method. Results showed that all isolates were susceptible to hexaconazole and most isolates were susceptible to thifluzamide, except for the field isolate MSRS-2-7 due to a moderate resistance to thifluzamide (16.43-fold resistance ratio, RR), compared to the sensitivity baseline of thifluzamide (0.042 μg/mL EC50 values). On the contrary, many isolates showed moderate or high resistance to tebuconazole (10.59- to 60.78-fold RR), reaching EC50 values of 0.54~3.10 μg/mL, especially for a highly resistant isolate LZHJ-1-8 displaying moderate resistance to epoxiconazole (35.40-fold RR due to a 3.54 μg/mL EC50 value). The fitness determination found that the tebuconazole-resistant isolates showed higher fitness cost with these characteristics, including a lower growth rate, higher relative electric conductivity, an increased ability to tolerate tebuconazole, and high osmotic pressure. Four new mutations of cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), namely, S94A, N406S, H793R, and L750P, which is the target for DMI fungicides, was found in the tebuconazole-resistant isolates. Furthermore, the lowest binding energy with tebuconazole was also found in the LZHJ-1-8 isolate possessing all the mutations through analyses with Discovery Studio software. Therefore, these new mutation sites of CYP51 may be linked to the resistance against tebuconazole, and its application for controlling R. solani should be restricted in some areas.

Spodoptera litura is a widely distributed multifeeding pest, that has developed high resistance to many chemical insecticides. In the present study, a bistrifluron-resistant (Bis-SEL) strain showing 113.8-fold resistance ratio relative to a bistrifluron-susceptible (Bis-UNSEL) strain was obtained and showed a fitness advantage (resurgence). First, we found that the observed resurgence might have resulted from Maf transcription factor overexpression in the Bis-SEL strain, which would influence the synthesis of ecdysone and chitin. Additionally, a co-expression relationship between Maf and CYP307A1 was verified by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and qRT-PCR, and the expression of CYP307A1, a key gene in ecdysone synthesis, was significantly downregulated by Maf interference. The assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) and a yeast one-hybrid showed that Maf could bind to the cncc:maf-s element in the CYP307A1 promoter region. The synthesis of ecdysone, which stimulated chitin synthesis, was also decreased significantly following Maf and CYP307A1 interference. Therefore, the upregulation of Maf expression leaded to the upregulation CYP307A1 expression, which led to an increase in the synthesis of ecdysone, resulting in resurgence accompanied by resistance to bistrifluron.

BACKGROUND Spodoptera litura is one of the major agricultural pests in China, and it has developed serious resistance to many traditional chemical insecticides. In the present study, the bistrifluron-resistant (Bis-SEL) strain accompanied by a higher oviposition, 113.8-fold RR compared to the bistrifluron-susceptible (Bis-UNSEL) strain, was obtained by bidirectional screening. A comparison of their gonad coefficiency and genes related to oviposition or resistance was used to elucidate the resurgence mechanism. RESULTS The ovarian index, oviposition, and potential egg production in the Bis-SEL strain of female adults were significantly higher than those in the Bis-UNSEL strain, and the length of ovariole in the Bis-SEL strain was also significantly elongated. The protein contents of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) in the Bis-UNSEL strain were lower than those in the Bis-SEL strain, consistent with their gene expressions levels, and there was a significantly positive linear correlation between Vg and VgR protein contents, further confirming that resistant strains have high reproductive fitness. Moreover, the chitin synthase A in the Bis-SEL strain was clearly up-regulated, and a mutation (H866Y) near the QRRRW in the catalytic domain caused a rise in the hydrogen bond between UDP-GlcNAc and chitin synthase, and its chitin content was higher than that in the Bis-UNSEL strain. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the Bis-SEL strain to bistrifluron was significantly recovered when it was knocked down though RNA interference. CONCLUSION The fitness advantages of bistrifluron resistance may be related to the up-regulation and mution of chitin synthase A.

The white-back planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera, mainly harms rice and occurs in most rice regions in China and Asia. With the use of chemical pesticides, S. furcifera has developed varying degrees of resistance to a variety of pesticides. In our study, a chlorpyrifos-resistant population (44.25-fold) was built through six generations of screening with a sublethal dose of chlorpyrifos (LD50) from a field population. The expression levels of ten selected resistance-related P450 genes were analyzed by RT-qPCR and found that CYP408A3 and CYP6CS3 were significantly more expressed in the third instar nymphs of the XY17-G5 and XY17-G6 populations, about 25-fold more than the Sus-Lab strain, respectively (p < 0.01). To elucidate their molecular function in the development of resistance towards chlorpyrifos, we cloned two P450 full lengths and predicted their tertiary protein structures. CYP408A3 and CYP6CS3 were also downregulated after injecting dsCYP408A3, dsCYP6CS3, or their mixture compared to the control group. Moreover, the mortality rates of the dsCYP6CS3 (91.7%) and the mixture injection treatment (93.3%) treated by the LC50 concentration of chlorpyrifos were significantly higher than the blank control group (51.7%) and dsCYP408A3 injection treatment (69.3%) at 72 h (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, the P450 enzyme activities in the dsRNA treatments were lower than that in the control (XY17-G6) (p < 0.01). Therefore, the P450 gene CYP6CS3 may be one of the main genes in the development of chlorpyrifos resistance in S. furcifera.

Triflumezopyrim, a new nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) inhibition, can effectively control piercing-sucking insect pests such as white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera). At present, there has been no reports on the effects of triflumezopyrim on the population growth and development of S. furcifera. In this experiment, an age-stage two-sex life table was used to evaluate the impact of triflumezopyrim on the biological parameters of S. furcifera. The results showed that the adult preoviposition period (APOP) and total preoviposition period (TPOP) of the F1 generation were significantly higher than those of the F0 and F4 generations, on the contrary the average fecundity, intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) of the F4 generation were higher than those of the F0 and F1 generations. The results of synergists and enzyme activities indicated that the CarE and P450 activities in the F4 generation were significantly higher than those in the F0 generation (P < 0.05). The protein contents of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) and relative expression quality of VgR in the F4 female adults were also significantly higher than those in the F0 generation (P < 0.05). These results showed that triflumezopyrim at a low concentration could promote the growth and reproduction of S. furcifera, and that may provide a reference for the rational use of triflumezopyrim in the future.

The small brown planthopper [Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén) (Hemiptera, Delphacidae)] is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice and has developed strong resistance to several kinds of chemical insecticides. Triflumezopyrim, a novel mesoionic insecticide developed by Corteva Agriscience (formerly DuPont Crop Protection), has efficient biological activity in controlling sucking insects, such as the planthopper. However, the effects of triflumezopyrim on the growth and reproduction of L. striatellus have not been reported. In this study, an F5 generation was obtained by conducting five rounds of insecticide screening on a sensitive L. striatellus strain (F0 generation). An age-stage life table procedure was used to evaluate the effects of a sublethal concentration (LC50) of triflumezopyrim on the biological parameters of L. striatellus. Compared with those of the F0 generation, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), the finite rate (λ), and the net reproductive rate (R0) of the F5 generation were significantly decreased; nevertheless, the average duration of life (T) was not significantly affected. The results of detoxification enzyme activity assays indicated that the glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) activities in the F5 generation were significantly higher than those in the F0 generation. The contents of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) were also detected, and the results indicated that the contents of Vg and VgR in the F5 generation were significantly decreased compared to those in the F0 generation. Furthermore, we detected the relative expression of ecdysone receptor (EcR), Vg, and VgR in the F0 and F5 generations and found that the relative expression levels of Vg and VgR in the F5 generation female adults were obviously lower than those in the F0 generation (P < 0.05), whereas the relative expression of EcR was slightly increased, although the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Based on these results, a sublethal concentration (median lethal concentration, LC50) of triflumezopyrim may inhibit the generational growth and reproduction of L. striatellus. Moreover, our results may provide a reference for further studies of the suitability and resistance mechanisms of L. striatellus subjected to a sublethal dose of triflumezopyrim.

The white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera, Delphacidae), is an energetic rice insect pest in rice production or rice-growing areas. Due to excessive use of the chemical insecticide, S. furcifera has produced the high resistance to some frequently used insecticides. In this paper, the resistance levels of S. furcifera from the eight different areas of Sichuan Province against the five chemicals were monitored by using the rice seedling dipping during 2017-2018 to understand the resistance levels. The results showed that most of all populations have developed low or moderate level of resistance for chlorpyrifos (3.4 to 44.3-fold) and thiamethoxam (3.9- to 15.5-fold), the populations in the LS (1.7 to 5.4- fold)and WS (1.6 to 5.0- fold) regions were still sensitive or low resistance levels compared with other local populations. Almost all populations displayed the susceptible to imidacloprid (0.9- to 5.0-fold), buprofezin (0.9- to 4.3-fold) or low levels of resistance to pymetrozine (1.5- to 6.8-fold). The synergism experiment indicated that P450 enzymes may be important contributed to the metabolic detoxification of chlorpyrifos. The cross-resistance bioassay showed that there was no cross-resistance between chlorpyrifos and triflumezopyrim, but for sulfoxaflor, in the XY17 population. The relative expression level of twelve insecticide resistant-related P450 genes were analyzed by using qRT-PCR and found that CYP4C77, CYP418A1, CYP418A2, CYP408A3 and CYP6ER4 were significantly more expressed in the 3rd-instar nymph of the XY17 and XY18 field populations. To determine the main resistant-related P450 gene for chlorpyrifos, the relative expression level of five P450 genes were detected by using qRT-PCR from the G2 and G4 generation of XY17 under the pressure with LC50 of chlorpyrifos. The results showed that CYP6ER4 was significantly up-regulated expression in XY17 G2 and G4 generations population over 700-fold (P < 0.01). The full length and proteins tertiary structure were also cloned and predicted. Meanwhile, the function of CYP6ER4 was analyzed by RNA interference and the results indicated that the relative expression of CYP6ER4 in the XY17 (G4) population after injected dsRNA was lower than that in the dsGFP injected group. Moreover, the mortality rates of the S. furcifera treated with the LC50 concentration of chlorpyrifos after dsRNA microinjection was significantly higher than that of the dsGFP injected group 72 h after treatment (P < 0.01). Therefore, the overexpression of CYP6ER4 may be one of the primary factors in the development of chlorpyrifos resistance in S. furcifera.

The periodic and frequent measurements of blood pressure for hypertensive patients are must to do their effective and efficient monitoring. Existing non-invasive blood pressure measurement instruments mandate a relaxed posture - it is considered a prerequisite to factor out motion artifacts in the reading - before taking the final reading. This requirement causes not only a great discomfort for the patients but also renders the equipment useless in providing ubiquitous and real-time on-the-move remote monitoring of the patients. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to get accurate measurement of the blood pressure while walking with the free end motion of the arm. The approach utilizes an accelerometer mounted on the cuff wrapped over the upper arm in order to determine the noise superimposed over the oscillometric signal of the patient’s blood pressure. The system is tested on a mannequin’s limb simulated to have arm movements with the oscillometric signal. The results of our analysis show that the system is robust in determining the correct blood pressure irrespective of the noise level produced due to the physical movement of the arm.We believe that our system will become a cardinal component of a cost-efficient, highly-reliable ubiquitous remote patient monitoring system.