Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) garners considerable attention due to its high fatality rate and profound impact on quality of life. Our study conducts a comprehensive literature review on IPF using bibliometric analysis to explore existing hot research topics, and identifies novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for IPF using bioinformatics analysis. Publications related to IPF from 2013 to 2023 were searched on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Data analysis and visualization were conducted using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software primarily. The gene expression profiles GSE24206 and GSE53845 were employed as the training dataset. The GSE110147 dataset was employed as the validation dataset. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed genes related to oxidative stress (DEOSGs) between IPF and normal samples. Then, we conducted Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. The hub genes were screened by protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks and machine learning algorithms. The CIBERSORT was used to analyze the immune infiltration of 22 kinds of immune cells. Finally, we conducted the expression and validation of hub genes. The diagnostic efficacy of hub genes was evaluated by employing Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and the associations between hub genes and immune cells were analyzed. A total of 6,500 articles were identified, and the annual number of articles exhibited an upward trend. The United States emerged as the leading contributor in terms of publication count, institutional affiliations, highly cited articles, and prolific authorship. According to co-occurrence analysis, oxidative stress and inflammation are hot topics in IPF research. A total of 1,140 DEGs were identified, and 72 genes were classified as DEOSGs. By employing PPI network analysis and machine learning algorithms, PON2 and TLR4 were identified as hub genes. A total of 10 immune cells exhibited significant differences between IPF and normal samples. PON2 and TLR4, as oxidative stress-related genes, not only exhibit high diagnostic efficacy but also show close associations with immune cells. In summary, our study highlights oxidative stress and inflammation are hot topics in IPF research. Oxidative stress and immune cells play a vital role in the pathogenesis of IPF. Our findings suggest the potential of PON2 and TLR4 as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for IPF.

Sake may potentially halt the progression of Parkinson's disease due to its properties, yet no studies have explored its effects. This preliminary study aimed to assess the impact of sake supplementation on Parkinson's disease using a zebrafish model. Sixty fish were divided into six groups: control, rotenone (ROT), and groups administered rotenone along with sake at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L (25S, 50S, 75S, and 100S). After 28 days of treatment, behavioral responses and the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), as well as the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX-2, were evaluated. The results indicated that rotenone administration significantly reduced crossing number (P = 0.001), entries in the top area (P = 0.001), and time spent in the top area (P = 0.001). It also markedly increased levels of TBARS and SH compared to the control group (P = 0.001). Rotenone significantly decreased CAT, SOD, and GSH activities while increasing GST levels. Furthermore, it upregulated the expressions of TNF-α (P = 0.001), IL-1β (P = 0.001), and COX-2 (P = 0.001). Supplementation with sake, particularly at higher doses, reversed the adverse effects of rotenone on behavioral, oxidative, and inflammatory responses. In conclusion, sake shows promise for preventing Parkinson's disease pending further clinical studies.

The aim of this study was to explore and analyze the characteristics and patterns of Chinese patent medicine for treating irregular menstruation, as included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, using data mining techniques. We established an Excel database based on the prescriptions for irregular menstruation in the Pharmacopoeia of China, and used the TCM Inheritance Assistance Platform (TCMISS V3.0) software to analyze the data. After selecting medicines that met the criteria, we established a prescription database and conducted a statistical analysis of medication frequency, prescription rules, cluster analysis, and the distribution of herbs according to the four qi, five flavors, and meridians.Seventy-one Chinese patent medicines met the inclusion criteria, containing a total of 235 individual herbs. The most common dosage forms were pills and capsules. There were 10 primary flavors, including Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum wallichii, prepared Rehmannia root, Radix paeoniae alba, Poria cocos, Radix liquiritiae, Codonopsis pilosula, motherwort, vinegar with incense, and donkey-hide gelatin. These herbs are mainly used to tonify the blood, promote blood circulation, relieve pain, and warm the body. They are commonly attributed to the liver meridian and have a sweet taste. Using cluster analysis, we identified three groups of core drugs. Group 1 included Angelica, Ligusticum chuanxiong, and Rehmannia; Group 2 included white peony root, Poria cocos, and Dangshen; Group 3 included licorice, gelatin, motherwort, and vinegar with incense. The treatment of irregular menstruation in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia mainly involves blood tonics, blood-moving agents, and analgesics, providing an objective basis for the clinical use of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of irregular menstruation.

卵巢早衰是指女性在40岁以前因卵巢功能过早衰竭,出现闭经并伴有雌激素降低、促性腺激素升高的一种疾病,常导致患者不孕.卵巢早衰在中医属于"闭经"、"不孕"、"月经后期"等范畴,其发病率逐年增加且患病群体有年轻化的趋势.该病的临床治疗比较困难.刘润侠教授认为该病以肾虚为根本病机,兼夹肝郁、脾虚、心阴不足或心火亢盛及血瘀.在临床中多见心肾不交及肝郁肾虚两个证型,并可见脾虚、血瘀等兼证.治疗以交通心肾、疏肝补肾为主,兼活血、宁心、养阴,同时注重益气健脾,以自拟心肾不交方(熟地、女贞子、山药、当归、白芍、生杜仲、太子参、墨旱莲、麦冬、五味子、黄连、肉桂、浮小麦、煅龙骨、酸枣仁)及自拟肝郁肾虚方(柴胡、白芍、茯苓、女贞子、山萸肉、生杜仲、覆盆子、淫羊藿、丹参、菟丝子、麦冬、石斛、生白术、太子参、红花)治疗卵巢早衰性不孕症,临床疗效良好.研究发现,中医在卵巢早衰性不孕症患者中的应用效果较好,因此在临床实践中,应根据不孕症患者具体情况选择合适的治疗方案,以促进患者早日康复.

Objective To analyze Professor Liu Yanqiao's prescription medication rules in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)based on data mining analysis.Methods The PCOS medical cases treated by Professor Liu Yanqiao from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from October 2019 to February 2023 were screened,and input into Excel to establish a database,prescription drug frequency,efficacy classification,flavor and meridian tropism were counted;R language and SPSS Statistics software were used for association rules and cluster analysis.Results A total of 131 prescriptions were collected,including 115 flavors of traditional Chinese medicine,and 20 flavors were used more than 40 times,the highest frequency was Shanyao and Xiangfu 90 times,most of which belonged to tonifying deficiency drugs and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis drugs,with sweet and bitter tastes,mainly warm and cold drugs,and most of them were attributed to liver(gallbladder)channel.Association rule analysis showed that there were 13 common drug pairs,and the support of angelica-Chuanxiong was the highest,and there were 13 kinds of three kinds of medicine combination,and the support of Xiangfu-angelica-Chuanxiong was the highest.Based on cluster analysis,three groups of cluster prescriptions were obtained,corresponding to kidney deficiency and blood stasis type,phlegm stasis block type,and spleen deficiency and phlegm dampness type respectively.Conclusion In the treatment of PCOS,Professor Liu Yanqiao combines with promoting blood circulation and resolving stasis,dispelling dampness and resolving phlegm,etc.on the basis of tonifying the kidney,strengthening the spleen,and soothing the liver,in order to comply with the physiological process of follicle growth,development,and excretion.