Right ventricular infarction is uncommon in isolation but can be observed in 50% of cases of inferior wall myocardial infarction. Diagnosis is difficult and suspicion of this condition should always be borne in mind. Progression to cardiogenic shock is not uncommon, when the outcome is similar to left ventricular infarction; mortality can reach 60%. We present the case of a 64-year-old woman with known coronary disease who was admitted to our coronary care unit after an anterior myocardial infarction. Cardiac catheterization showed diffuse stenosis of the left descending and 70% stenosis of the posterior descending arteries. She was surgically revascularized with a favorable evolution, but was later readmitted for acute decompensated heart failure with cardiogenic shock. She was refractory to medical therapy, with biventricular dysfunction on echocardiographic examination. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of right ventricular infarction.

One of the greatest challenges in medicine consists of arriving at a correct diagnosis despite different presentations of the disease. We present a case in which, notwithstanding the initial diagnosis, the search for the etiology was essential for clinical guidance. Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) was first described by Chin et al. in 1990. This relatively new entity is characterized by excessive thickening of the myocardial wall, formed of a thin epicardial layer and a substantially thicker non-compacted endocardial layer. The clinical presentation is highly variable but it must always be borne in mind that heart failure, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and embolic events are common complications of LVNC.