OBJECTIVE:To substantiate the use of photochromotherapy (narrow-band optical radiation with an average wavelength of 650 nm) in the complex treatment of children with developmental speech delay on the type of general speech underdevelopment (GSU) of I and II degree.MATERIAL AND METHODS:A number of children equal 70 aged from 4 to 6 years with developmental speech delay were examined. All patients were randomized into 2 clinically comparable groups: the 1st (study) group included 35 patients who received medical treatment in accordance with clinical recommendations in combination with the use of narrow-band optical radiation with an average wavelength of 650nm for 10 days; the 2nd (comparison) group consisted of 35 subjects who received standard drug therapy according to the established clinical recommendations. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical examination and a special neurological investigation, including electroencephalography and electromyography, as well as an assessment of the development of speech functions and dynamic coordination of gesture, the level of social and communication skills development and neuropsychological processes.RESULTS:The following data were obtained during the complex treatment with the inclusion of narrow-band optical radiation with an average wavelength of 650 nm (red radiation): statistically significant improvement of speech development (p<0.05); improvement of values of social adaptation skills of medium (71%) (Z=2.769; p=006) and low level (29%) (Z=2.691; p=0.007); significant positive dynamics of speech status (Z=3.911; p=0.000); spontaneous activity relief at rest, indicating normalization of muscle tone.CONCLUSION:The inclusion of photochromotherapy in standard therapeutic regimens for children with developmental speech delay on the GSU type of I, II degrees contributes to a significantly confirmed pronounced clinical improvement and can be recommended for practical health care.

The infant mortality included in the structure of the mortality of children population is considered to be one of the major demographic factors most clearly reflecting the country’s level of the development and on-going economic and social changes. The infant mortality rate is a key index of the development of the health system. The significance of the infant mortality rate is determined by its high contribution to the child mortality rate in general. So the share of deaths among children aged 0-14 years in infants of the first year of life amounts of 55% to 65%. 40% of newborns died in the early neonatal period and 30% babies - in the post-neonatal period. In accordance with the Concept of the demographic policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 approved by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 09.10.07 No. 315, one of the most important tasks of the demographic policy in the country is the reduction of the infant mortality rate at least by two times. The correct and timely analysis of the infant mortality rate allows developing a set of specific measures to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate of children, to assess the effectiveness of measures to describe and to plan the work for the protection of motherhood and childhood in general. In the article there is presented the analysis of the underlying causes and dynamics of the infant mortality in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over the period of the implementation of major projects in the field of health. The development and implementation of a three-level system of medical care for pregnant women and mothers in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was the key to the reducing this index.

Aim: to improve interdisciplinary care (medical, social and psychological) in children's polyclinics. Materials and methods: at first, authors selected interdisciplinary departments in polyclinics with effective medico-psychosocial care for children. Secondly, the common algorithm of this type of care was described (sociological methods — participant observation, in-depth interviews, experts interviews — were used). Thereby, the draft version of guide for medico-psychosocial care in children’s polyclinics appeared. The draft version was discussed and obtained by experts. Results: the basic guide for organization of medico-psychosocial departments in children’s polyclinics was suggested. Main goals and objectives of these departments were determined. The structure and personnel regulations were developed. The structured guideline was suggested: 1) early identification of vulnerable children and adolescents (difficult situations); 2) development of individual interdisciplinary (medico-psychosocial) care programs; 3) providing integrated interdisciplinary care for children and their families. Conclusions: organization of interdisciplinary (medico-psychosocial) department in children’s polyclinics will improve and protect the quality of life and health of vulnerable children and adolescents.

The analysis of functioning of a medico-social health care department at a pediatric polyclinic of St. Petersburg is shown in this article. The data on efficacy of this department are represented. The necessity of its allocation as a separate unit, providing the organization of practical interaction between all of the concerned structures and institutions of social protection of children at difficult living conditions, is proved.