Purpose. To develo fundus operational geoinformation system for accurate topographic identification of the pathological process characteristics. Material and methods. An operational digital fundus geoinformation system was developed using available program «Transporter Online». A digital fundus photograph of the patient with active retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), obtained with a «RetCam» retinal camera, was placed in a cartesian field. Next, taking the center of the optic nerve head (ONH) as the zero point, we built parallels with a step equal to one optic disc radius and meridians with a step of 10 degrees by analogy with the TABO scale (Technische Ausschuss fur Brillen – Optik). Results. As a result, a geoinformation system of the fundus was built in the form of a coordinate grid comparable to a geographic coordinate system. Using the developed system, it is possible to measure many parameters on the retina. As the developed system is used, the number and information content of the parameters will undergo changes depending on the assigned tasks. It is possible to use the fundus geoinformation system for any retinal pathology, in particular for active ROP. To eliminate the influence of the scale factor and the reliability of quantitative indicators of image magnification, digitization is carried out based on the results of measuring angles and linear dimensions in «units» of the optic disc radius, which determines the individuality and originality of the proposed system. Conclusion. The proposed fundus geoinformation system will provide accurate topographic identification of the pathological process characteristics on the retina surface. The obtained coordinates of the fundus structures, which are of research interest, will form an operational navigation system that will significantly facilitate the work of ophthalmologists in transmitting information, analyzing the dynamics and outcomes of the pathological process, and can also be as the basis for a further transition to artificial intelligence use. Key words: retina, fundus, topography, geoinformation system

INTRODUCTION Congenital and acquired diseases, as well as traumatic injuries of the sclera and tarsal plate can lead to serious complications up to the complete loss of visual functions and loss of the eye as an organ if not treated timely. Due to that, it becomes necessary to use biological and synthetic materials during reconstructive and regenerative surgeries to replace the defects and reinforce the carcass properties of the sclera and tarsal plate. PURPOSE To compare experimental and morphological features of the response of the eye and surrounding tissues to implantation of the synthetic polymeric implant for reconstructive and regenerative surgery (PERRS) 'Reperen-6' and biological xenopericardium implant taken from cattle on the sclera in animal experiment. MATERIAL AND METHODS The studies were conducted on 12 chinchilla rabbits. PERRS 'Reperen-6' was implanted on the surface of the sclera (into the subtenon space) of left eyes of 6 rabbits from the main group. Similar surgeries with biological xenopericardium implant taken from cattle were performed on the left eyes of 6 rabbits from the comparison group. The right eyes of each animal from both groups remained intact. After the surgery, we performed examination of the animals and acquisition of the material (the eyes and surrounding tissue) in 16, 34 and 68 days. Enucleated eyes were fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution with subsequent preparation of histologic specimen according to standard procedure. CONCLUSION The experimental and morphological studies showed that the postoperative period went smoother in the main group of animals. Thanks to its structure, PERRS 'Reperen-6' fixed tightly to the sclera and surrounding structures forming a firm 'own tissue-implant' complex. The polymeric implant 'Reperen-6' can be recommended for reconstructive and regenerative surgeries to reinforce the connective tissue structures in pathological conditions of sclera and appendages of the eyes.

Purpose. Experimental study the morphological changes of the retina and choroid, providing adhesion of the detached retina in the first 72 hours after laser coagulation.Material and methods. A clinical and morphological study of 12 eyes of 12 Chinchilla rabbits with experimentally simulated retinal detachment was performed 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the operation of transciliary vitrectomy with laser coagulation.Results. Due to local destruction and exudative effects in the field of laser coagulation of the retina (increasing to 24 hours and decreasing to 72 hours) detected the formation of a tight adhesive contact between the shells resulting from the destruction of exudative fibrinogen and deposition fibrin. Histological changes in the retina and choroid in the area of laser coagulation in the first two days corresponded to the growing destructive-exudative phase of fibrinoid’s inflammation moderate with maximum cases in the period of 48 hours with the attenuation of exudative effects and proliferative phase after 72 hours.Conclusion. In the period from 24 to 48 hours of the adhesive after laser coagulation is formed of a dense chorioretinal contact by deposits of fibrin, which serves as a fibrinogen serum, part extravasal exudate area of laser coagulation. Based on the studied morphological processes, it can be assumed that chorioretinal adhesion in the LC area becomes strong enough to independently hold the retina in place 48 hours after surgery.

The purpose — to evaluate the effectiveness of the posterior sclerectomy with the corneal trepan in a uveal effusion syndrome. Patients and methods . Patient 1. The man, 61 years, complained about a blindness of the right eye and the progressing decrease in vision of the left eye. According to data of examinations the diagnosis was: uveal effusion syndrome, detachment of the choroid, exudative retinal detachment, the complicated cataract of both eyes. Patient 2. The man, 62 years, with complaints to low vision of the right eye and a blindness of the left-hand eye. Diagnosis: uveal effusion syndrome, detachment of the choroid, exudative retinal detachment, the initial complicated cataract of the right eye. Subatrophy operated retinal detachment, complicated cataract, silicone into the vitreal cavity of the left eye. Both patients underwent trepanation posterior sclera. Results. The patient 1noted significant improvement of vision in both eyes at the last examination. Мisual acuity with correction was OD — 0,2, OS — 0.3. Intraocular pressure was normal, improvement of electrical sensitivity and lability was diagnosed. On ultrasound examination of the retina belonged, moderate swelling of the choroid remained. Patient 2. Visual acuity was 0,1 + 3,0 D at the time of the last inspection. According to the ultrasonic B-scan of the right eye retinal detachment decreased to 3,8 mm, moderate swelling of the choroid remained. The OСT has showed detachment of the neuroepithelium in the macula to 60 μm. In ultrasonic biomicroscopy circular, ciliochoroidal detachment to 0,15 mm was diagnised. Conclusion . Described clinical cases confirmed the almost complete recovery of patients with the uveal effusion syndrome. Sclerectomy with the use of corneal trepan is a technically simple procedure and helps to define the path of the outflow suprachoroidal fluid subtenon space.

Two clinical cases of uveal effusion syndrome are described. Both patients underwent posterior sclerotomy. The sclerotomy with corneal trepan is a simple technique, which allowed to form the canals for supra-choroidal fluid outflow into the subtenon space.

42 eyes of 21 rabbits were examined. Experimental animals were divided into 4 groups. In group 1 a subtotal vitrectomy with vancomicin 30 mcg/ml solution as irrigation solution was performed, in group 2 vitrectomy with BSS solution as irrigation solution with antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT), in group 3 vitrectomy with vancomicin and APDT. There was no any treatment in control group. Morphological examination was made. The best effect of anti-inflammatory therapy was reached in group 3. Quantitative evaluation of inflammatory process morphological features had decreased from 14,5 points in 1 days to 6,75 points in 14 days.

42 eyes of 21 rabbits were examined. In group 1 a subtotal vitrectomy with vancomicin 30 mcg/ml solu tion as irrigation solution was performed, in group 2 – vitrectomy with BSS solution as irrigation solution with antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT), in group 3 – vitrectomy with vancomicin and APDT. There was no any treatment in control group. The best effect of anti inflammatory therapy was reached in group 3. Quantitative evaluation of inflammatory process of morphological features had decreased from 14.5 points in 1 day to 6.75 points in 14 days.

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM-1) was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocine (STZ) in a dose 65 mg/kg in two groups of Wistar rats: control (n=6) and test (n=14). Clinical and pathomorphological examinations of different organs were conducted for 4.5 months. It was found that the above model represents clinical picture and vascular diabetic complications (microangiopathy with parenchymal lesions) accompanied with destruction and depression of spleen activity. It is shown that rats, more resistant to the toxic action of STZ restore the ability for regeneration of the pancreatic islets and regress of glycemia and angiopathy, for positive changes in splenic structure and function.