The article presents estimates of radiation doses of technogenic exposure to personnel and the public due to the normal operation of radiation facilities, exposure to the public due to natural sources and technogenically altered radiation environment, and medical exposure of patients. The doses values were obtained using the Unified System of Individual Dose Control of the Russian Federation citizens for 2020. The authors have analyzed the data contained in the forms of state statistical observation No. 1-DOZ, No. 2-DOZ, No. 3-DOZ and No. 4-DOZ for 2020 submitted by the organizations and territories, the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision of which was carried out by Rospotrebnadzor and Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia. In the article also were used data obtained within the framework of Radiation-Hygiene Passportization. In 2020, 19 737 organizations dealing with technogenic sources of ionizing radiation submitted forms No. 1-DOZ with the information on the doses to personnel with a total number of 230 318 persons, of which 230 318 persons belonged to the personnel group A and 21 303 persons belonged to the personnel group B. For these groups, the doses were assessed based on results of individual dosimetric control. In 2020, according to Unified System of Individual Dose Control of the Russian Federation citizens data, the average individual annual effective dose of technogenic exposure to the personnel group A was 1.11 mSv, and for the personnel group B it was 0.63 mSv. In 2020, 6 cases of exceeding the average annual effective dose limit (20 mSv) for Group A personnel and 18 cases of exceeding the average annual effective dose limit (5 mSv) for Group B personnel were registered. The total number of X-ray and radiological diagnostic procedures performed in the Russian Federation in 2020 exceeded 275.4 million, or 1.83 procedures per a citizen. The average annual effective dose of medical radiation exposure per one resident of Russia in 2020 was 0.81 mSv, and per procedure – 0.44 mSv. The average annual effective dose of radiation to residents of the Russian Federation from natural sources, according to all measurements for the period from 2001 to 2020, was 3.36 mSv. More than 59% of this dose is associated with the inhalation of radon and its progenies. The average individual annual effective radiation dose to residents the Russian Federation subjects in 2020 ranged from 2.47 mSv (Kamchatka Krai) to 9.06 mSv (Altai Republic) with an average value for the Russian Federation of 4.18 mSv. For eight subjects of the Russian Federation, the average individual annual effective dose to public in 2020 exceeded 5 mSv: the Republics of Buryatia (5.31 mSv), Altai (9.06 mSv), Tyva (6.31 mSv), Magadan (5.07 mSv) and Irkutsk (6.13 mSv) regions, Stavropol (6.31 mSv) and Zabaykalsky (8.19 mSv) krai and the Evreiskaya Autonomous oblast (6.77 mSv).

The article presents the results of the generalized analysis of the data on staff, patient, and public doses from ionizing radiation obtained from the Unified System of Individual Dose Control for 2017. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the annual data from the forms of Federal State Statistical. Observation No.1-DOZ (staff individual doses), No.2-DOZ (doses from radiation accidents), No.3-DOZ (patient doses) and No.4- DOZ (public doses from natural and technogenically impacted background). The information is submitted by the organizations and territories under the supervision of the Rospotrebnadzor and FMBA of the Russian Federation. The article is based on the data obtained within the framework of Radiation-Hygiene passportization. In 2017, 18 324 organizations working with the artificial radiation sources submitted the form No.1-DOZ. The form No.1-DOZ contains data on 235 271 staff individual doses, 215 290 of the staff group A and 19 981 the staff group B with individual monitoring. In 2017, the average individual dose for the staff group A was 1,23 mSv, the staff group B – 0,67 mSv. In 2017, 13 036 healthcare organizations submitted the form No.3- DOZ. According to the No.3-DOZ data, more than 286 mln. X-ray procedures were conducted in the Russian Federation in 2017. An average dose per capita from medical exposure was 0,55 mSv/year and a mean dose per an X-ray examination was 0,28 mSv. In 2017, the form No.4-DOZ contained data on 8 130 measurements of gamma-radiation dose rate in wooden houses, 1 557 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 126 550 measurements in multi-storey stone houses and 178 138 measurements on the open ground As well as the results of 4 417 measurements of radon concentration levels in wooden houses, 5 971 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 57 461 measurements in multi-storey stone houses. The public average effective dose from natural ionizing radiation sources corresponded to 3.34 mSv/year, the average values for the subjects of the Russian Federation fall in the range from 2,15 mSv/year (Nenets Autonomous Okrug) to 8,9 mSv/year (Altai republic). The article includes the Annexes with the final generalized forms of the Unified System of Individual Dose Control in 2017 based on the forms of statistical observations No. 1-, 3- and 4-DOZ of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

The article presents the outcomes of the generalized analysis of personnel, patients, and population radiation doses information obtained from the Unified System of Individual Dose Control (USIDC) for 2015. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the annual information from the forms of Federal State Statistical. Observation No.1-DOZ (personnel individual doses), No.2-DOZ (emergency doses), No.3-DOZ (patients’ exposure doses) and No.4-DOZ (population exposure doses from natural and technogenically impacted background). The information is submitted by the organizations and territories accountable to the Rospotrebnadzor. The article presents a comparison with data obtained within the framework of Radiation-Hygiene passportization. In 2015, 16769 organizations providing management with artificial radiation sources submitted the form No.1-DOZ.The form No.1-DOZ contains data on 134 812 personnel individual doses, 123 404 of the personnel group A and 11 408 the personnel group B with personnel monitoring.Iin 2015,the average individual dose for the personnel group A was 1,14 mSv, the personnel group B – 0,79 mSv. In 2015, 11 720 healthcare organizations submitted the form No.3-DOZ. According to the No.3-DOZ data, more than 272 mln X-ray diagnostics were conducted in theRussian Federation in 2015. An average medical radiation dose per capita was 0,48 mSv/year and a mean medical radiation dose per an X-ray examination was 0,26 mSv. In 2015, the form No.4-DOZ contains results of 8 681 measurements of gamma dose rate in wooden houses, 12 642 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 160 174 measurements in multi-storey stone houses and 217 746 measurements on the open ground. Results of 4 441 measurements of radon concentration levels in wooden houses, 5 565 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 61 541 measurements in multi-storey stone houses are given. The population’s average effective dose from natural ionizing radiation sources amounted to 3.44 mSv/year, the average values for the subjects of the Russian Federation fall in the range from 1,6 mSv/year (Sakhalin Oblast) to 11,4 mSv/year (Jewish Autonomous Oblast). The article includes the Annexes with the final generalized forms of the Unified System of Individual Dose Control in 2015 based on the forms of statistical observations No. 1-, 3- and 4-DOZ

The article presents the outcomes of the generalized analysis of personnel, patients and population radiation doses information obtained from the Unified System of Individual Dose Control (USIDC) for 2014. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the annual information from the forms of Federal State Statistical Observation No.1-DOZ, No.2-DOZ, No.3-DOZ and No.4-DOZ. The information is submitted by the organizations and territories accountable to Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being – ROSPOTREBNADZOR.According to No. 1-DOZ data the total number of organizations which submitted the information about personnel dose exposure in 2014 amounted to 16424, with the total headcount of 130688 employees. The average radiation dose of group A personnel was 1,13 mSv/annum. The collective personnel radiation doze totalled 132,5 man-Sv/annum.According to No.3-DOZ data 261 mln X-ray diagnostics were conducted in Russian Federation in 2014. The average medical radiation dose per capita was 0,46 mSv/annum and collective population dose was 66883.4 man-Sv/annum. Computer tomography makes the highest contribution into collective population radiation dose (40,3% ).According to the forms of statistical reporting No. 4-DOZ for 2014 in Russian Federation the population’s average effective dose from natural ionizing radiation sources amounted to 3.48 mSv/annum. The population’s annual effective radiation dose from natural sources of ionizing radiation includes about 59% of radon isotopes and progeny. In 2014 the data was submitted about job-specific doses of 5651 employees from 50 enterprises located in 18 regions of Russia. The values of job-specific radiation of these enterprises’ employees ranged between 0.01 and 3,42 mSv/annum.The article includes the Annexes with final generalized forms of Unified System of Individual Dose Control based on the forms of statistical observations No. 1-, 2- and 4-DOZ.

The article presents the issues of radiation monitoring management, done by the Russian Federation subject territories for the assessment of population radiation safety conditions and filling the radiation hygienic passport of the territory. An algorithm of generalized assessment of the radiation monitoring done by the territories is proposed based on the considerations of the scope of measurements and necessity of getting of all foreseen by the territory radiation hygienic passport values. Comparative analysis of radiation monitoring according to the data from radiation hygienic passports dated by 2009 is done with the use of proposed algorithm. On the base of this assessment Russian Federation subject territories were selected, which radiation monitoring were considered as unsatisfactory and needs serious improvement.

Substantiation is given for the content and volume of radiation monitoring carrying out in the territories of Russian Federation subjects in the frames of radiation-hygienic passportization of the territories. The main requirements are formulated to the different types of radiation monitoring. The results are given of the analysis of the volumes of radiation monitoring which was carried out by the subjects ofRussian Federationfor the filling in radiation-hygienic passports of the territories in 2012. The reality is shown of the realization of suggested minimal values of radiation monitoring.

Substantiation is given for the content and volume of radiation monitoring carrying out in the territories of Russian Federation subjects in the frames of radiation-hygienic passportization of the territories. The main requirements are formulated to the different types of radiation monitoring. The results are given of the analysis of the volumes of radiation monitoring which was carried out by the subjects ofRussian Federationfor the filling in radiation-hygienic passports of the territories in 2012. The reality is shown of the realization of suggested minimal values of radiation monitoring.

The paper considers the main radiation factors to which the participants of the Totsk exercise (14.09.54) were exposed after the air nuclear explosion of 40 kt power. It has been shown that the radiation loads from instantaneous neutrons and γ-irradiation were negligible. The primary role in the exposure of the military staff during the exercise was played by the ground activation, mostly, with thermal neutrons. The paper presents a methodology for assessing absorbed doses of external exposure for the staff involved in the Totsk exercise using γ-irradiation of products of ground activation with thermal neutrons. Based on the reconstructed routes of different groups of the involved staff, effective equivalent doses from external exposure were estimated. For example, the external dose for the staff of infantry battalions was estimated at about 2 rem and for those of neutral radiation reconnaissance 25-110 rem. The work has shown that the elemental composition of the ground in the area of the exercise has a considerable effect on the estimated external doses. It has been concluded that in assessment of exposure dose account should be taken of the activation of the used materiel and behaviour of those involved in the exercise including the pilots who crossed the stem of the atomic mushroom.

The article presents the outcomes of the generalized analysis of personnel, patients, and population radiation doses information obtained from the Unified System of Individual Dose Control (USIDC) for 2015. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the annual information from the forms of Federal State Statistical. Observation No.1-DOZ (personnel individual doses), No.2-DOZ (emergency doses), No.3-DOZ (patients’ exposure doses) and No.4-DOZ (population exposure doses from natural and technogenically impacted background). The information is submitted by the organizations and territories accountable to the Rospotrebnadzor. The article presents a comparison with data obtained within the framework of Radiation-Hygiene passportization. In 2015, 16769 organizations providing management with artificial radiation sources submitted the form No.1-DOZ.The form No.1-DOZ contains data on 134 812 personnel individual doses, 123 404 of the personnel group A and 11 408 the personnel group B with personnel monitoring.Iin 2015,the average individual dose for the personnel group A was 1,14 mSv, the personnel group B – 0,79 mSv. In 2015, 11 720 healthcare organizations submitted the form No.3-DOZ. According to the No.3-DOZ data, more than 272 mln X-ray diagnostics were conducted in theRussian Federation in 2015. An average medical radiation dose per capita was 0,48 mSv/year and a mean medical radiation dose per an X-ray examination was 0,26 mSv. In 2015, the form No.4-DOZ contains results of 8 681 measurements of gamma dose rate in wooden houses, 12 642 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 160 174 measurements in multi-storey stone houses and 217 746 measurements on the open ground. Results of 4 441 measurements of radon concentration levels in wooden houses, 5 565 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 61 541 measurements in multi-storey stone houses are given. The population’s average effective dose from natural ionizing radiation sources amounted to 3.44 mSv/year, the average values for the subjects of the Russian Federation fall in the range from 1,6 mSv/year (Sakhalin Oblast) to 11,4 mSv/year (Jewish Autonomous Oblast). The article includes the Annexes with the final generalized forms of the Unified System of Individual Dose Control in 2015 based on the forms of statistical observations No. 1-, 3- and 4-DOZ