This paper is the first publication of a votive epigram inscribed on one of the most important objects stored in the Diachronic Museum of Larissa, a relief stele reused as a capital during the Byzantine era. The sculpture portrays the nine Muses surrounding a divinity placed within a cave, who could be identified with Apollo. The inscription and the relief are incomplete, which causes some difficulties with the interpretation. We present some possible reconstructions of the text, and a preliminary iconographic commentary, attempting to replace this object in its monumental, archaeological, cultural and religious context: a dedication of the people to the Pierids seems to be linked to the foundation of a cult of the Muses in Larissa by a wealthy citizen who, in exchange for his generosity, hopes to obtain a priesthood.

Cet article est la premiere edition d’une epigramme votive gravee sur l’une des pieces majeures du Musee diachronique de Larissa, une stele a relief remployee pour servir de chapiteau a l’epoque byzantine ou l’on voit neuf Muses faire cortege autour d’une divinite placee dans une grotte qui pourrait etre identifiee avec Apollon. L’inscription et le relief sont incomplets et posent quelques difficultes d’interpretation. Nous avancons des hypotheses de reconstitution du texte, completees par un premier commentaire iconographique, et essayons de replacer cet objet dans son ancien contexte monumental, archeologique, culturel et religieux : une dedicace du peuple aux Pierides semble etre liee a la fondation d’un culte des Muses a Larissa par un citoyen riche qui, en echange de sa generosite, espere pouvoir obtenir une pretrise.

Among the numerous inscriptions found during the excavations of the large Theater of Larissa are two decrees by Larissa regarding foreign judges, some from Sparta and others from Messene, as well as the beginning of a letter by the magistrates of the small town of Thalamai. The two decrees by Larissa are interesting for two reasons. By virtue of their syntax, in the Thessalian dialect, and their date, in the last third of the 2nd century BC, they represent the last period in which Thessalian was used; in reality the dialect was already being enriched with expressions common to all Greek cities under Hellenistic administration, and with terms that are morphologically similar to Koine. They offer two new testimonies as to Larissa's relations with the cities of the Peloponnese, relations which seem to have been renewed or strengthened after the end of the Achaian war. The letter of the Thalamai appears to be incorporated into this same trend and puts into context another fragment, known for some time (IG IX 2, 518), belonging to a letter addressed to Larissa by the ephors of Sparta.

Au nombre des inscriptions recueillies dans les fouilles du grand theâtre de Larisa, se trouvent deux decrets de Larisa pour des juges etrangers, les uns venus de Lacedemone, les autres de Messene, ainsi que le debut d’une lettre des magistrats de la petite cite de Thalamai. Ces decrets de Larisa presentent un double interet. Par leur redaction, en dialecte thessalien, et par leur date, le dernier tiers du iie s. av. J.-C., ils representent la periode ultime d’utilisation du thessalien, en realite nourri deja des expressions de la chancellerie hellenistique commune a toutes les cites grecques et de termes a la morphologie proche de celle de la koine. Ils apportent deux nouveaux temoignages sur les relations de Larisa avec des cites du Peloponnese, relations qui semblent avoir ete renouvelees ou renforcees apres la fin de la guerre d’Achaie. La lettre de Thalamai semble s’inserer dans ce meme mouvement et vient sortir de son isolement un autre fragment, connu depuis longtemps (IG IX 2, 518), d’une lettre que les ephores et la cite de Lacedemone avaient adressee a Larisa.

Les inscriptions presentees dans cet article proviennent du second theâtre de Larissa qui a ete construit au ier s. av. J.‑C. avec des blocs de remploi provenant d’un bâtiment arrondi, appartenant a un sanctuaire. Certains de ces blocs portent des dedicaces faites par des affranchis a une divinite qui n’est jamais nommee ; la nature de l’objet consacre n’est jamais precisee (peut‑etre s’agit‑il de la pierre elle‑meme ?). Ces inscriptions, qui datent de la fin du iiie s.-debut du iie s. av. J.‑C, sont toutes en dialecte thessalien. Les noms des affranchis sont generalement accompagnes d’un adjectif patronymique, toujours different du nom de leur manumissor, dont on ne peut dire s’il correspond au nom de leur pere ou a celui de leur ancien maitre. Certains des affranchissements mentionnes dans ces dedicaces apparaissent comme consecutifs a un heritage et il se pourrait que ce soit le cas de l’ensemble de ces inscriptions. Ces dedicaces constituent vraisemblablement une premiere forme de la taxe d’affranchissement.

et de la Méditerranée).Les dimensions des pierres et des lettres sont exprimées en centimètres.

Résumé Le souvenir des champions du stade vient se fixer éternellement dans les vers gravés sur leur monument funéraire : c’est le dernier tribut à la gloire d’individus réputés comme des héros de la patrie au même titre que les morts au combat. Une nouvelle contribution à l’histoire de cette catégorie se dégage des lettres peu nombreuses encore visibles sur une stèle retrouvée dans le site de l’ancienne Azoros, cité thessalienne au pied de l’Olympe. Il s’agit d’un seul distique élégiaque pour un jeune boxeur mort dans des circonstances inconnues après avoir honoré sa patrie par une victoire dans un contexte agonistique non mentionné.

Following upon two previous publications devoted to the decrees of Larisa (BCH 128-129 (2005), p. 377-417; BCH 130 (2006) [2008], p. 435-483), we here present a third stele with three texts: two decrees of Larisa passed when Pausanias son of Thrasymedes of Pherai was strategos (ca 130/129 BC), one for an Athenian philosopher, and the other for three citizens of Kos; and a third decree emanatesing front the Molossian LeagUe and honouring recompenses judges sent from Larisa to Epiros to arbitrate in a dispute between Molossians and Akarnanians. These texts in the Thessalian dialect, which was used at this period to transcribe the official formulae of Hellenistic cities into Forms that progressively lost their coherence and distinctive character until they had no more thana 'Thessalian' tone, are of value For the history of Larisa, since the), are relevant to the intellectual life and certain aspects of the political or cconomic activities of Larisans in the second half of the 2nd c. BC.

Faisant suite aux deux publications précédentes consacrées à des décrets de Larissa (BCH 128-129 (2005), p. 377-417 ; BCH 130 (2006) [2008], p. 435-483), nous présentons ici une troisième stèle qui porte trois textes : deux décrets de Larissa, votés sous la stratégie de Pausanias fils de Thrasymédès, de Phères (ca 130/129 av. J.-C.), l'un pour un philosophe athénien, l'autre pour trois citoyens de Cos ; un troisième décret émane de la Confédération des Molosses et récompense des juges de Larissa envoyés en Epire pour rendre un arbitrage dans un conflit opposant les Molosses aux Acarnaniens. Ces textes en dialecte thessalien, qui à cette date sert à transcrire des formulaires de la chancellerie des cités hellénistiques dans des formes qui perdent progressivement de leur cohérence et de leur particularité pour n'apparaître plus qu'avec une coloration « thessalisante », ont une valeur pour l'histoire de Larissa puisqu'ils se rapportent à la vie intellectuelle et à certains aspects des activités politiques ou économiques des Larisséens dans la seconde moitié du IIe siècle av. J.-C.

A large stele found at Larisa in 1990 is inscribed with three decrees passed by this city during the course of the same year, probably very shortly after the Third Macedonian War, and therefore in 171/0 BC or one of the following years. The first two honour all Athenian philosopher, Satyros son of Philinos, who had Undoubtedly lived for several years in Larisa and had experienced times of war there: the people of Larisa recompensed him by awarding him proxenia and Various honours, culminating in the right of citizenship, which is the object of a Supplementary decree. The third decree was passed for a Mamertine from Sicily called Novius son of Ovius, who had paid the ransom of a Larisan captured by Roman soldiers during the same war, and given him his liberty. In the missing part of the inscription at the bottom of the stele, a Fourth decree probably awarded Novius the right of citizenship, as in the case of the philosopher Satyros. These decrees are of great importance for the further reason that they contain formulae that are very explicit and complete, which is nor common, and because they are drafted in a coherent, representative dialect, providing material For syntactical and stylistic observations that cannot always be made in the case of other Thessalian documents. Their value for the history of Larisa is equally great, since it is possible to assemble around them several more already known documents associated with to the Third Macedonian War, either with the few years preceding it or with 171-169 BC and the immediately following years.

A large stele found at Larisa in 1990 is inscribed with three decrees passed by this city during the course of the same year, probably very shortly after the Third Macedonian War, and therefore in 171/0 BC or one of the following years. The first two honour an Athenian philosopher, Satyros son of Philinos, who had undoubtedly lived for several years in Larisa and had experienced times of war there: the people of Larisa recompensed him by awarding him proxenia and various honours, culminating in the right of citizenship, which is the object of a supplementary decree. The third decree was passed for a Mamertine from Sicily called Novius son of Ovius, who had paid the ransom of a Larisan captured by Roman soldiers during the same war, and given him his liberty. In the missing part of the inscription at the bottom of the stele, a fourth decree probably awarded Novius the right of citizenship, as in the case of the philosopher Satyros. These decrees are of great importance for the further reason that they contain formulae that are very explicit and complete, which is not common, and because they are drafted in a coherent, representative dialect, providing material for syntactical and stylistic observations that cannot always be made in the case of other Thessalian documents. Their value for the history of Larisa is equally great, since it is possible to assemble around them several more already known documents associated with to the Third Macedonian War, either with the few years preceding it or with 171-169 BC and the immediately following years.

Among the epigraphical documents found at Larisa in recent years, two of the city's decrees have a particular interest. The first, a proxenia decree for a Mytilinian, that can be dated to the earliest years of the 2nd c. BC, is in a dialect and reflects the relations that were established before the engagement of the Second Macedonian War and were renewed, for the admission of the Asclepieia of Mytilini, between the Thessalian Confederation and the cities that composed it on the one hand and the Mytilinians on the other. This casts new light on a well-known document, the Mytilini decree for the Thessalian Confederation IG XII SuppL, 3, and supplements the history of the relations between the two parties, which were prolonged up to the period of Augustus, as we know from the fragments of decrees in honour of the Mytilenian Potamon, son of Lesbonax. The second Larisa decree, which was voted for two citizens of Chalkis in Euboea and which is in koine, should be placed more than a century later, towards 70 BC; it shows the procedure by which a foreigner who had received the proxenia of the Thessalian Confederation could acquire, at his request, citizenship in a member city of this Confederation.

Athanasios Tziafalias και Bruno Helly Δύο ανέκδοτα ψηφίσματα από τη Λάρισα σ. 377-420 Ανάμεσα στις επιγραφικές μαρτυρίες που ανακαλύφθηκαν τα τελευταία χρόνια στη Λάρισα συγκαταλέγονται και δύο ψηφίσματα της πόλης αυτής, που παρουσιάζουν ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον. Το πρώτο από αυτά είναι ένα προξενικό ψήφισμα, γραμμένο σε διάλεκτο, που αφορά έναν Μυτιληναίο και χρονολογείται στις αρχές του 2ου αιώνα π.Χ. Αντικατοπτρίζει τις σχέσεις που δημιουργήθηκαν πριν από την έναρξη του Δεύτερου Μακεδονικού Πολέμου και ανανεώθηκαν, στο πλαίσιο της αποδοχής των Ασκληπιείων της Μυτιλήνης, μεταξύ, αφενός του Κοινού των Θεσσαλών και των πόλεων που το αποτελούσαν και αφετέρου των Μυτιληναίων. Αυτό μας επιτρέπει να δούμε κάτω από νέο πρίσμα ένα πολύ γνωστό έγγραφο, το ψήφισμα της Μυτιλήνης για το Κοινό των Θεσσαλών IG XII Suppl., 3 και να εμπλουτίσουμε την ιστορία των σχέσεων μεταξύ των δύο μερών, σχέσεις οι οποίες διατηρήθηκαν έως την εποχή του Αυγούστου, όπως γνωρίζουμε από τμήματα ψηφισμάτων προς τιμήν του Μυτιληναίου Ποταμώνα, γιου του Λεσβώνακτος. Το δεύτερο ψήφισμα από τη Λάρισα, γραμμένο στην κοινή, αφορούσε δυο πολίτες από τη Χαλκίδα, στην Εύβοια, και θα πρέπει να τοποθετηθεί χρονολογικά πάνω από έναν αιώνα αργότερα, γύρω στο 70 π. Χ.· καταδεικνύει τη διαδικασία σύμφωνα με την οποία ένας ξένος, που είχε την προξενία από το Κοινό των Θεσσαλών, μπορούσε να αποκτήσει, ύστερα από αίτημά του, την ιδιότητα του πολίτη μιας πόλης-μέλους αυτού του Κοινού.