PURPOSE:To examine the mediating effect of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on the relationship between mothers' postpartum traumatic stress and infant bonding. METHOD:Participants comprised 452 mothers aged ≥18 years who had healthy infants aged between 6 weeks and 1 year. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire-Turkish Version (ACE-TR), City Birth Trauma Scale (CityBiTS), and Postnatal Attachment Questionnaire-Turkish Version (PBQ-TR). RESULTS:Of participants who reported at least one ACE, 15.9% met diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder according to the CityBiTS. A higher ACE-TR score (p < 0.001) and the presence of one or more traumatic stress symptoms (p < 0.05) were associated with more significant mother-infant bonding problems. CityBiTS score was a complete intermediary variable between ACE-TR and PBQ-TR scores. CONCLUSION:Maternal exposure to ACEs is an important determinant of post-partum traumatic stress and negatively affects mother-infant bonding.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of extra-virgin olive and almond oils on maintaining skin integrity in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS:This was a semiexperimental study. The sample comprised 120 term (37-42 weeks) neonates treated in a state hospital in Istanbul, Turkey (May-August 2023), who met the sample criteria (olive oil: 60, almond oil: 60). The data were collected using a newborn identification form, the Neonatal Skin Condition Score, and the DMM Skin Moisture Meter. RESULTS:The neonates' sex, gestational age, postnatal age, birth weight, length, and head circumference measurements were similar, suggesting no significant differences between the groups ( P s > .05). A statistically significant difference was found between the mean skin hydration levels of neonates treated with almond oil and extra-virgin olive oil on the first, second, and third days of the application, where a higher skin hydration was determined in the extra-virgin olive oil group ( P  = .024, P  = .004, P  = .020). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the Neonatal Skin Condition Score scores of neonates treated with almond oil and extra-virgin olive oil before and on all days of the application (1-5 days, P  > .05). CONCLUSIONS:Both extra-virgin olive oil and almond oil increased the stratum corneum hydration in term neonates. The application of extra-virgin olive oil and almond oil did not result in any adverse effects on neonatal skin conditions of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

The most important adaptation of the newborn baby after birth is trying to adapt to the extrauterine environment, which is colder than the intrauterine environment. The World Health Organization; it recommends keeping the axillary body temperature in newborns between 36.5 and 37.5 °C. Attempts to prevent hypothermia and ensure normothermia can be divided into two groups; passive heating and active heating. While the passive heating is maintaining and increasing the ambient temperature, removing wet covers, drying, use of heated towels, hats, clothes and covers, active heating metods can be defined as warmed gel beds, polyethylene cover, warmed gases and warmed liquids.Purpose of warmed intravenous liquids; it is to reduce the contribution of intravenously administered fluids (approximately 25 °C) to hypothermia through convection (heat transfer). There are very limited studies on the use of warmed IV fluids in newborns. Therefore this article is aimed to guide evidence-based studies on different areas including warmed IV liquids, neonatal hypothermia control and neonatal care.

PurposeThe aim of this study is to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ).Design and methodsThis methodological study was conducted with 250 women who presented to three family health centers in Istanbul/Turkey between April and June 2022 and met the sampling criteria. Validity analysis was performed using the content validity index, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson product-moment correlation and Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficients were used for reliability analysis.ResultsTo evaluate invariance of the instrument over time, test-retest measurements were conducted at least two weeks apart and showed no difference in mean scores (p > .05). Adjusted goodness-of-fit index >0.97 and comparative fit index >0.98 confirmed the construct validity of the Turkish PBQ. Each item had a content validity index of 96%. Corrected item-total score correlations ranged from 0.50 to 0.93. The Cronbach Alpha was found to be 0.96, indicating high internal consistency.ConclusionThe results of this study show that the Turkish version of the PBQ is valid and reliable. It can be used as a measurement tool to determine the degree of maternal bonding in the postpartum period.

Aile içindeki bireylerin birbirleriyle etkileşimini düzenleyen kurallar, aile sistemini oluşturmaktadır. Bu sistem, sağlığı koruma ve geliştirme davranışlarını etkilemektedir. Bu kitap 2010 yılında Hemşirelik Yönetmenliğindeki hemşirelik hizmet kapsamı; hemşirenin görev, yetki ve sorumlulukları ve 2011 yılındaki Hemşirelik Yönetmeliğinde Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Yönetmelik; çalışılan birim/servis/ünite/alanlara göre hemşirelerin görev, yetki ve sorumlulukları içeriği; birey, aile ve toplumsal yaklaşımlar esas alınarak hazırlanmıştır.

Objective: In-depth examination of the "online" course experiences of midwifery students during the pandemic process. Methods: The study was planned with a phenomenological approach within the scope of qualitative research. The Information Form and Question Form sent to the students online were analyzed using the "Document Analysis Technique." Results: The average age of the students is 21.2 +/- 2.07, and 45.3% of them spent the pandemic process in Istanbul and 94.7% with their families. In the "Themes" section, 2 main themes are assessed such as "Emotions" and "Factors Affecting the Perception." The main theme "Emotions," the subthemes of insufficiency, motivation, anxiety/fear, disconnection/forgetfulness and strain, and "Factors Affecting the Perceptions" were analyzed with subthemes of positive and negative factors. Around 94.7% of the students had experienced the pandemic process with their families and the frequency of leaving the house was 56.0% once a week. The choice of education method was reported as 65.3% face to face, and 72% of them did not find online courses effective. Conclusion: Although there are positive and negative aspects of the online course period, in the future time, it may be recommended to plan the lessons in the hybrid education model.

Objective: To determine the needs and underline the experiences of mothers by focusing on the experiences of mothers with multiple babiesduring their breastfeeding period.Methods: This is a phenomenological, qualitative study. A total of 13 mothers with three – to 13-month-old babies were interviewed in-depthand individually. The data were collected by a single observer with a personal information form containing individual characteristics of theparticipants and an interview form with semi-structured, open-ended questions.Results: The three main themes formed based on the interviews with mothers were the meaning of being a mother with multiple babies andbreastfeeding them, challenging life experiences during breastfeeding, and the factors that affect motivation. The majority of the mothersexpressed feelings including concern, fear, guilt, and frustration. All mothers stated that, after delivery, they needed a knowledgeable anddependable helper preferably not from the family and that they experienced conflicts in their relationships.Conclusion: It is important to maintain social, emotional, and physical support for mothers with multiple babies. Similarly, avoiding judgmental,questioning, and accusing expressions is essential to circumvent conflicts in relationships. It is recommended for mothers’ concerns to beaddressed according to the source of the concern and for breastfeeding education content to be prepared accordingly. Each mother should beevaluated individually, and care plans and consultations should be prepared accordingly.

Aim This study aimed to compare the effects of breastfeeding, breast milk odour and mother's heartbeat sounds on perceived pain during heel lance procedures in term newborns. Design This was a randomized three-group experimental study. Methods The sample of the study consisted of 90 newborns. The data were collected using pulse oximeter, fetal hand doppler, voice recorder, loudspeaker, a data collection form and the ALPS-Neo Pain and Stress Assessment Scale for Newborn Infants. Results During the procedure, newborns in the breast milk odour group had high levels of pain and stress, those in the mother's heartbeat sounds group had mild pain and stress, and those in the breastfeeding group had no pain and stress. Additionally, a statistically significant difference was found between their crying times. This difference was the highest for newborns in the breast milk odour group, followed by the mother's heartbeat sounds and breastfeeding groups, respectively. Conclusion Breastfeeding and mother's heartbeat sounds, which are non-pharmacological pain relief methods, are effective in neonatal pain management. However, breast milk odour is not effective for pain control in newborns. Further studies should examine the efficacy combinations of these methods.

Çocuk Sağlığına Genel Bakış Zeynep Conk Zümrüt Başbakkal Figen Yardımcı Çocukluk Dönemlerinde Büyüme ve Gelişme Duygu Arıkan Ayda Çelebioğlu Fatma Güdücü Tüfekci Çocuk, Hastalık ve Hastane Ortamı Güler Cimete Sema Kuğuoğlu Nursan Dede Çınar Çocuklarda Sıvı-Elektrolit Dengesi ve Bozuklukları Münevver Kılıç Sevinç Polat Saniye Çimen Çocuklarda Beslenme Hatice Bal Yılmaz Bahire Bolışık Genetik Sorunu Olan Çocuklar ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımı Dilek Beytut Yenidoğan Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Seher Sarıkaya Karabudak Sibel Ergün Çocuklarda Solunum Sistemi Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Ferda Yıldırım Emine Altun Yılmaz Özgür Alparslan Çocuklarda Dolaşım Sistemi Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Gülümser Dolgun Sevil İnal Gülçin Bozkurt Çocuklarda Hematolojik Sistem Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Filiz Arslan Hüsniye Çalışır Çocuklarda Endokrin Sistem Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Rana Yiğit Figen Işık Esenay Çocuklarda İmmün Sistem Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Meral Bayat Emine Erdem Çocuklarda Bağ (Kolajen) Doku Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Türkan Turan Dilek Ergin Bengü Çetinkaya Çocuklarda Üriner Sistem Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Rabia Ekti Genç Selmin Şenol Çocuklarda Sinir Sistemi Hastalıkları, Yaralanmaları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Emine Efe Ayşegül İşler Çocuklarda Gastrointestinal Sistem Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Suzan Yıldız Duygu Gözen Serap Balcı Çocuklarda Kas-İskelet Sistemi Hastalıkları, Yaralanmaları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Emine Geçkil Şenay Çetinkaya Demet Cabar Çocuklarda Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Hicran Çavuşoğlu Yurdagül Erdem Onkolojik Sorunu Olan Çocuk ve Hemşirelik Bakımı Firdevs Erdemir Fatma Taş Arslan Çocuklarda Uyum ve Davranış Sorunları ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımı Ayşe Ferda Ocakçı Ayşe Karakoç Çocukluk Çağı Acil Sorunları ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımı Candan Öztürk Murat Bektaş Engelli Çocukların Hemşirelik Bakımı Hatice Yıldırım Sarı Çocukluk Yaşlarında Ağrı ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Lale Büyükgönenç Ebru Kılıçarslan Törüner Kronik ve Yaşamı Tehdit Edici/Ölümcül Hastalığı Olan Çocuk ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımı Bedriye Ak Hemşirelik Süreci Bedriye Ak Çocuklarda İlaç Uygulamaları Saniye Çimen

Objective: This phenomenologic study aims to investigate the difficulties experienced by a group of nursing students during the pandemia process thoroughly and to explain coping strategies. Methods: This research was carried out using the phenomenological method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, to examine the views of nursing students on their pandemic experiences and their coping strategies “Information Form” and “Questionnaire Form” were sent to the students online, and forms that were filled out completely and sent back were included in the content analysis. Results: Participants mean age was 21.19±1.06. Of the participants, 77.00% were female, 34.4% stated that they live in a metropolis during the pandemia process, while 83.6% mentioned that they were with their family, 31.1% did not leave their homes unless it is necessary. As a result of data analysis, the main themes of difficulties/stressors, stress/anxiety increasing factors, and coping strategies were reached. Conclusion: Student nurses experience more than one difficulty regarding the pandemia process; some students state that the pandemia process has changed their perception of their profession, and they mostly use positive methods to cope with these difficulties.

Objective: Meeting the expectations of mothers during labor is defined as birth satisfaction. Evaluation of women’s perception of satisfaction at birth is an important quality criterion in the evaluation of services. This study aims to determine the effect of cord clamping time and early skin contact on maternal birth satisfaction.Methods: Randomized controlled experimental study. The study data were collected between June and December 2018, from a total of 80 participants.Results: Case group was applied late cord clamping and skin contact, control group was applied routine care. The first breastfeeding time was 11.20 ± 5.16 min. for the case group and 44.55 ± 18.03 min. for the control group (p<0.001). Neonatal blood glucose levels within the first 15 minutes were 91.23 ± 20.61 mg/dL for the case group and 83.13 ± 14.17 mg/dL for the control group (p=0.044). Hemoglobin levels of the newborn 24 hours after birth were 18.90 ± 1.58 g/dL for the case group and 18.13 ± 1.78 g/dL for the control group (p=0.042). The difference between the before and after birth hemoglobin-hematocrit values of the mothers was not statistically significant (p=0.327 for Hgb; p=0.238 fot Htc). Postpartum satisfaction levels of the mothers were found to be 106.28 ± 9.52 for the case group and 99.93 ± 13.17 for the control group; mothers at the case group had higher postpartum satisfaction levels (p=0.016).Conclusion: Late cord clamping and early skin contact in newborn positively affect the first breastfeeding time, hemoglobin, hematocrit and blood sugar levels of newborns and can be considered as an important factor that increases mothers’ satisfaction independent of many variables.

Objectives: This study was aimed to examine the effects of physical support during the childbirth period on the birth process. Methods: Research is an experimental randomized controlled study. In the study group, each pregnant woman was directly assisted by using non-pharmacological methods without leaving the woman during her birth. Simultaneous evaluations were made to the control group with routine hospital procedures. Wijma Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ)-A was applied to all pregnant women before delivery. Wijma Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ)-B version and The Scale for Measuring Maternal Satisfaction at Normal and Cesarean Birth were completed to all pregnant women after delivery. Results: The need for induction at birth decreased for women who were offered physical support (p = 0.033). The duration of labor for the study group was 657,93 ± 283.69 min. while the control group had 1062,43 ± 673.11 min. (p = 0.004) and the difference between them is statistically significant were determined (p=0,004). It was determined that the rate of episiotomy (p=0,000), fundal press (p=0,000) and fear of birth (p=0,001) decreased after birth. Also, women were found to have higher birth satisfaction (p = 0.001). Conclusion: It was determined that the physical support applied during the active phase of birth affects the birth process positively.

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the experiences of the students after simulation education in midwifery department. Patients and Methods: It is a qualitative descriptive phenomenological study based on semi-structured interviews. It was conducted at Marmara University, Health Sciences Faculty, Midwifery Department. It is aimed to evaluate the birth simulation practice that was given for 14 weeks to 65 students who took the birth course. A total of 19 midwifery students who participated to do in-depth interviews were included in the study. Results: The average age of the participants was 20.94±1.26 years (Min: 20, Max: 25) and all of them were single. The experiences of the students were clustered into three categories by using thematic content analysis of the interviews: pre-simulation, simulation and limitations on the simulation. Various sub-themes were composed of these categories. Themes in every category were grouped as structural, emotional-cognitive and physical. Conclusion: Simulation education is very effective on midwifery students’ learning and has got a lot of advantages. It was determined that students’ hand skills were improved by simulation education. In simulation education, it was determined that students’ sense of professional belonging was strengthened. It was determined that students’ selfconfidence increased in simulation education. Simulators are good but they lack real straining to conformity. The simulation education feedback from our students was mostly positive. Simulation education is also taking a supportive role for professional midwife identity/self-confidence.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the online game addiction (OGA) level and the risk factors involved in OGA among middle school students. The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at seven middle schools in the province of Istanbul. The data were collected with a questionnaire, the Computer Game Addiction Scale for Children (CGASC) and the Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC); 1174 students who played online computer games were included in the study. It was found that 5.7% of the sample group were addictive users, that 44% were problematic users and that an older age, a higher level of social anxiety (SA), having a mother who is employed, having parents who completed high school or a higher level of education, and the time spent on the computer are risk factors for OGA.

Objective: Neonatal evaluations performed at the very first minutes following postpartum are the most important steps in deciding for neonatal resuscitation. Therefore, the newborn initial care and evaluation notion and skills of midwives in the delivery hall are quite important. The study was planned to determine the effects of simulation education on newborn evaluation and care skills in midwifery students. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study. The population of the study was composed of the 4th year students of Marmara University Faculty of Health Sciences (65 students in total), who selected the Intern Newborn course in the 2017-2018 Fall and Spring semesters. Results: The areas where the control group students did not apply at all or needed the help of the trainer were observed as delivery room preparation (86.2%), initial neonatal evaluation (96.6%) and registration/safety (69%). According to “the Guide for Newborn Evaluation at the Delivery Room,” the differences in the mean total scores and all sub-dimension scores were found to be significant in favor of the experiment group. Conclusion: Education programs that are carried out by computer-assisted simulation and in accordance with the teaching guide were effective on improvement of knowledge-skills on newborns’ first evaluations in the delivery room.

Objective: In Turkey, midwives are given passive roles by claiming that the midwives are insufficient in the management of birth. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of clinical practice and simulation on normal birth management of midwifery students. Methods: The study was performed as a cross-sectional design at the Marmara University in Istanbul, Turkey, with 64 midwifery students. The data were collected via 2 questionnaires, the first for sociodemographic characteristics, the second for normal labor management skills. Results: The normal birth management skills of the students in the simulation group were significantly higher than those in the clinical group (P<0.05). The simulation group emphasized that a restricted case is the most significant disadvantage (87.5%). The clinical group students underlined that one-to-one contact with pregnant women is the most significant advantage (65.6%). Conclusion: It was seen that it is very advantageous to gain normal birth management skills firstly in simulation and then reinforce these skills in clinical practice in midwifery education. Thus, the disadvantages of both methods may be overcome.

Amac: Topuk kani alinmasi islemi; yenidoganlarin hastanede kaldigi surede en sik uygulanan agrili girisimlerdendir. Mekanik vibrasyon yenidogan agri kontrolunde tercih edilebilecek invaziv olmayan, ucuz ve kolay uygulanabilir bir yontemdir. Calismamiz yenidoganlarda topuk delme islemi sirasinda olusabilecek agri hissini engellenmek icin mekanik vibrasyon uygulamasinin etkinligini test etmek amaciyla yapilmistir. Yontem: Arastirma randomize kontrollu, tek merkezli prospektif bir calisma olarak Medeniyet Universitesi Goztepe Egitim Arastirma Hastanesi’nde, 37-42 GH’ nda dogan saglikli term 60 yenidoganda, Eylul 2012- Mart 2013 tarihleri arasinda yapilmistir. Calisma alinma kriterlerini karsilayan yenidoganlarin ebeveynlerinden onam alinmistir. Topuk delme islemi her yenidogana yapilan fenilketonuri testi sirasinda uygulanmistir. Hastalarin tamaminin demografik ozellikleri, islem surecindeki KTA, SPO2, vucut isisi olcumleri kaydedilmistir. Tum uygulamalar kameraya kaydedilmis, sonrasinda goruntuler izlenerek arastirmaci tarafindan NIPS skorlamasi yapilmistir. Bu calismada NIPS puanlama sisteminin Cronbach’s alpha katsayisi islem sirasi icin .85, islem sonrasi icin .87 olarak bulunmustur. Bulgular: Deney grubunun NIPS puan ortalamasi islem sirasi ve islem sonrasi icin (0,967±1,771) ve (1,733±2,050), kontrol grubunda ise sirasi ile (3,567±1,775) ve (4,533±1,907) olarak belirlenmistir (pu003c0,05). Her iki gruptaki yenidoganlarin islem sonrasi NIPS puan sonuclari islem sirasindakilerden istatistiksel olarak anlamli yuksek bulunmustur (pu003c0,05). Sonuc: Yenidoganlarda agri algisinin azaltilmasinda ve agri kontrolunde mekanik vibrasyon yontemi etkili bulunmustur

Amac: Topuk kani alinmasi islemi; yenidoganlarin hastanede kaldigi surede en sik uygulanan agrili girisimlerdendir. Mekanik vibrasyon yenidogan agri kontrolunde tercih edilebilecek invaziv olmayan, ucuz ve kolay uygulanabilir bir yontemdir. Calismamiz yenidoganlarda topuk delme islemi sirasinda olusabilecek agri hissini engellenmek icin mekanik vibrasyon uygulamasinin etkinligini test etmek amaciyla yapilmistir. Yontem: Arastirma randomize kontrollu, tek merkezli prospektif bir calisma olarak Medeniyet Universitesi Goztepe Egitim Arastirma Hastanesi’nde, 37-42 GH’ nda dogan saglikli term 60 yenidoganda, Eylul 2012- Mart 2013 tarihleri arasinda yapilmistir. Calisma alinma kriterlerini karsilayan yenidoganlarin ebeveynlerinden onam alinmistir. Topuk delme islemi her yenidogana yapilan fenilketonuri testi sirasinda uygulanmistir. Hastalarin tamaminin demografik ozellikleri, islem surecindeki KTA, SPO2, vucut isisi olcumleri kaydedilmistir. Tum uygulamalar kameraya kaydedilmis, sonrasinda goruntuler izlenerek arastirmaci tarafindan NIPS skorlamasi yapilmistir. Bu calismada NIPS puanlama sisteminin Cronbach’s alpha katsayisi islem sirasi icin .85, islem sonrasi icin .87 olarak bulunmustur. Bulgular: Deney grubunun NIPS puan ortalamasi islem sirasi ve islem sonrasi icin (0,967±1,771) ve (1,733±2,050), kontrol grubunda ise sirasi ile (3,567±1,775) ve (4,533±1,907) olarak belirlenmistir (p<0,05). Her iki gruptaki yenidoganlarin islem sonrasi NIPS puan sonuclari islem sirasindakilerden istatistiksel olarak anlamli yuksek bulunmustur (p<0,05). Sonuc: Yenidoganlarda agri algisinin azaltilmasinda ve agri kontrolunde mekanik vibrasyon yontemi etkili bulunmustur

The current study aimed to determine the knowledge and opinions of parents who had children with cancer regarding complementary and alternative medicine. This descriptive study was performed with 145 parents. Data collection was implemented by means of a literature-based questionnaire. Of the parents who were enrolled into the study, 42.1% were aged 36 years or older and 57.2% had primary school education only. A total of 86.9% of the information was gathered from the mothers of the children. All parents preferred CAM therapies for their children’s treatment; more than half used herbs as CAM, and 81.4% of the parents who used CAM with held this information from healthcare professionals. All parents had insufficient knowledge about complementary and alternative treatments, including those who had opted out of conventional medicine, but wanted to learn more about them. Therefore, healthcare professionals should improve their knowledge of CAM methods and be able to appropriately enlighten parents while providing an environment in which families can freely discuss information.