The Spin Physics Detector collaboration proposes to install a universal detector in the second interaction point of the NICA collider under construction (JINR, Dubna) to study the spin structure of the proton and deuteron and other spin-related phenomena using a unique possibility to operate with polarized proton and deuteron beams at a collision energy up to 27 GeV and a luminosity up to 10^32 cm^-2 s^-1. As the main goal, the experiment aims to provide access to the gluon TMD PDFs in the proton and deuteron, as well as the gluon transversity distribution and tensor PDFs in the deuteron, via the measurement of specific single and double spin asymmetries using different complementary probes such as charmonia, open charm, and prompt photon production processes. Other polarized and unpolarized physics is possible, especially at the first stage of NICA operation with reduced luminosity and collision energy of the proton and ion beams. This document is dedicated exclusively to technical issues of the SPD setup construction.

The paper is devoted to the analysis of π– meson production in p + p , n + p , p + C , and π^ - + C reactions at different projectile energies. The description of these processes is important in understanding of the structure of nuclear matter. A method based on a relativistically invariant variable introduced by us is applied. This method allows one to observe a regularity in π– meson production for a wide set of reactions at different energies in terms of the relativistically invariant target mass variable. This gives grounds to assume that this representation has a predictive power and can be used in analysis of existing experimental data and planning experiments at the NICA accelerator complex.

The paper presents a survey of the main numerical models used for simulation of interaction of accelerated particle beams with target nuclei. These models form the core of the software for simulation of various experiments and experimental facilities both for scientific and applied purposes. The beam and target parameters considered in detail in this study (protons and deuterons with energies from 0.66 to 4 AGeV and bulk U targets) cover the range of interest in development of new concepts of nuclear power production aided by accelerated particle beams.

The Spin Physics Detector, a universal facility for studying the nucleon spin structure and other spin-related phenomena with polarized proton and deuteron beams, is proposed to be placed in one of the two interaction points of the NICA collider that is under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russia). At the heart of the project there is huge experience with polarized beams at JINR. The main objective of the proposed experiment is the comprehensive study of the unpolarized and polarized gluon content of the nucleon. Spin measurements at the Spin Physics Detector at the NICA collider have bright perspectives to make a unique contribution and challenge our understanding of the spin structure of the nucleon. In this document the Conceptual Design of the Spin Physics Detector is presented.

We present the scope of research of a new collaboration FLAP (Fundamental & applied Linear Accelerator Physics collaboration) devoted to the study of the basics of electromagnetic interactions and new applications of controllable generation of electromagnetic radiation by relativistic electrons using functional materials.

The relativistic nature of phenomena is illustrated in terms of Lobachevsky geometry. Lobachevsky space is used for description of particle production in relativistic nuclear physics on the basis of experimental data obtained at bubble chambers in π-C, p-C, C-C, n-p reactions in an energy range from units to tens of GeV . The new phenomenon—directed nuclear radiation—is discussed.

This paper is devoted to the analysis of heat transfer, hydrodynamic and acoustic processes induced by high-energy particles irradiating the big uranium target “BURAN”. The generation of heat and acoustic waves by relativistic ion beams is studied numerically. Energy transfer between irradiated target and ambient atmosphere was analyzed with different models. The study provides a basis for development of the new acoustic method for analysis of ion beam energy deposition and its further redistribution in the bulk of a target.

The given functional self-similarity solution quantitatively describes angular, energy and A-dependences of inclusive production cross sections for hadrons in relativistic nuclear collisions. It is applied to quantitative estimation of D, as well as φ and J/ψ meson production in collider experiment at the NICA accelerator complex with heavy nuclei. The results can be used for optimization of kinematically registered parameters for investigation of collective phenomena.

The new concept of light nuclear beams instead of proton beams for ADS is substantiated. The influence of the target structure on the energy efficiency of 0.5-4 GeV proton beams and 0.25 – 0.5 AGeV light ion beams is studied. The target consists of rods with different composition (metal, oxide, carbide) and different levels of enrichment in order to implement the target with a criticality coefficient of 0.96 -0.97, which ensures safe operation. The cooling with different metals (lead, lead-bismuth eutectic - LBE, and sodium) is compared. The use of converters from very light materials (lithium, beryllium, carbon) and their influence on the neutron spectrum and energy released are analysed.

The superior energy efficiency of light ion beams instead of proton beams for energy production in accelerator driven systems (ADS) is demonstrated. The energy efficiency is characterized by the energy gain calculated as the ratio of the energy released in the target to the energy spent for the beam acceleration. The energy deposited in the target is obtained via Geant4 simulation. A method to calculate the energy spent for the beam acceleration by scaling from the data for a reference beam is presented. The influence of the target structure on the energy efficiency of 0.5 - 4 GeV proton beams and 0.25 1 AGeV light ion beams is studied. The target consists of rods with different composition (metal, oxide, carbide) and different levels of enrichment in order to implement the target with a criticality coefficient k(eff) of 0.96 - 0.97, which ensure safe operation. The influence of the rod dimensions, the coolant and converter on the neutron spectrum and energy released are analysed.

A comparative study of the energy efficiency of proton beams with an energy from 0.5 GeV to 4 GeV and light ion beams (7Li, 9Be, 11B, and 12C) with energies from 0.25 AGeV to 1 AGeV in natural and enriched quasi-infinite U target is presented. The numerical results on the particle transport and interaction are obtained using the code Geant4. The following target optimization issues are addressed: the beam window dimensions, and the possibility to use a core from low Z materials. The best solution for ADS from the point of view of the energy gain and miniaturization is obtained for 7Li or 9Be beam with an energy of 0.3–0.4 AGeV and a target with Be core.

The self-similarity approach is applied to description of nuclear interactions. The obtained self-similarity solution quantitatively describes particle production in relativistic nuclear collisions. It is an appropriate tool for planning and optimization of experiments aimed at the search of new collective phenomena in highly excited nuclear matter, especially in the intermediate energy range.

Shock wave interaction with an adiabatic solid microparticle is numerically simulated. In the simulation, the shock wave is initiated by the Riemann problem with instantaneous removal of a diaphragm between the high- and low-pressure chambers. The calculation is performed in the two-dimensional formulation using the ideal gas equation of state. The left end of the tube is impermeable, while outflow from the right end is permitted. The particle is assumed to be motionless, impermeable, and adiabatic, and the simulation is performed for time intervals shorted than the time of velocity and temperature relaxation of the particle. The numerical grid is chosen for each particle size to ensure convergence. For each particle size, the calculated hydraulic resistance coefficient describing the particle force impact on the flow is compared with that obtained from the analytical Stokes formula. It is discovered that the Stokes formula can be used for calculation of hydraulic resistance of a motionless particle in a shock wave flow. The influence of the particle diameter on the flow perturbation behind the shock front is studied. Specific heating of the flow in front of the particle is calculated and a simple estimate is proposed. The whole heated region is divided by the acoustic line into the subsonic and supersonic regions. It is demonstrated that the main heat generated by the particle in the flow is concentrated in the subsonic region. The calculations are performed using two different 2D hydro codes. The energy release in the flow induced by the particle is compared with the maximum possible heating at complete termination of the flow. The results can be used for estimating the possibility of gas ignition in front of the particle by a shock wave whose amplitude is insufficient for initiating detonation in the absence of a particle.

The efficiency of 0.5–4GeV proton and 0.25–1AGeV light ion (7Li, 9Be, 11B, and 12C) beams for energy production in a large subcritical enriched U target is analyzed using Geant4. The possibility of increasing the energy deposited in the target irradiated by ion beams with an energy below 0.5AGeV by using a window from low Z materials is analyzed. It is shown that 0.3–0.4AGeV light ion beams are advantageous for ADS from the point of view of energy gain and accelerator size.

A system for ultrafiltration of viscous solutions for biological and medical applications was developed based on track membranes. The system includes a filtering cell and a set of calibrated removable filters with pores of different diameter. The advantages of this system are strictly controllable filtration parameters, virtually 100% selectivity with respect to object size, and high performance. Filtration modes were studied; feasibility of obtaining filtrates of cellulose derivatives with given parameters was demonstrated. A developed system of metrological monitoring makes it possible to adapt this filtration technology to any non-aggressive highly viscous polymer solutions. Application of track membranes with given characteristics is a promising approach to medical engineering and biological research.

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A complex of dynamic diagnostics for film irradiation for the production of track membranes has been created. This complex includes codes for simulating and optimizing irradiation regimes and a system of dynamic diagnostics for an ion beam based on transparent profilometers and two variants of the measurement system. The dynamic diagnostics system makes it possible to measure irradiation parameters with a time resolution of 100µs. Operation regimes of the Alpha accelerator complex (HC “Trackpore Technology”) are studied and recommendations for the optimal irradiation regimes and the use of the complex as a component of metrological control for the technology of industrial film irradiation are given.

This paper studies the specific features of energy and angular distribution of protons accelerated by high intensity ultrashort laser pulse from a dense target. Production and acceleration of particle beams by ultrashort laser pulses with light intensities of order of 10 W/cm and higher is interesting both from the theoretical point of view and for practical applications, e.g., development of compact sources of quasimonoenergetic quasimonodirectional particle beams. The self-similarity approach [1-3] developed for relativistically invariant description of multiparticle interaction in nuclear physics was used for description of the process “hardness” [4]. This method was successfully applied to the problem of positron production in collective photon field-matter interaction [5]. Here, the developed approach is applied for the analysis of energy and angular spectra of proton beams produced in the target interaction with high intensity laser fields. The four-momentum conservation law written for the group of “coherent photons” (considered as a “big photon”) and the proton in the initial and final states is used to obtain the proton cross section distributions,