BACKGROUND To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with esophageal foreign bodies and to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment by analyzing 205 cases of esophageal foreign bodies. CASE REPORTS The clinical data of 205 patients with esophageal foreign bodies were retrospectively analyzed,including onset time,type of foreign body,location of incarceration,and complications and treatment methods. Among the 205 patients, 87 cases（42. 4%）were males and 118cases（57. 6%） were females. Food foreign bodies were found in 154 cases（75. 1%）and non-food foreign bodies in 51 cases（24. 9%）. 174 patients（84. 9%）went to hospital in 24 hours after onset,20patients（9. 8%）in 24-72 hours, and 11 patients（5. 4%） after 72 hours. The most common location of incarceration was the first esophageal stricture in 175 cases（85. 4%） and esophageal perforation in 12cases（5. 9%）. All patients were cured and discharged after active surgical treatment. DISCUSSION Timely and correct treatment of esophageal foreign body has a good prognosis, otherwise it may cause serious complications, even life-threatening, so prevention is the most important. Esophagoscopic foreign body removal should be performed in time for the definitely diagnosed esophageal foreign bodies, and multi-department consultation should be carried out for difficult and severe cases, so as to strengthen multidisciplinary communication and cooperation and reduce the occurrence of complications.

真菌性鼻窦炎是由真菌感染引起的特殊类型的慢性鼻窦炎症,好发于上颌窦,发生于蝶窦者较少见[1]. 孤立性真菌性蝶窦炎因解剖位置隐蔽,常以神经系统、眼部症状为首发表现,患者多就诊于眼科、神经内科等科室. 延边大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉科近期收治了 1 例真菌性蝶窦炎患者,现报告如下.

慢性鼻窦炎(Chronic Rhinosinusitis,CRS)发病机制不清,有多种炎性细胞参与.随着医学的发展,人们开始关注与之相关的炎症因子及血液标志物.血清白蛋白是一种非II型炎症相关的细胞因子,较少有学者研究,其在CRS发病中的作用尚不清楚.近年来有报道显示,与慢性鼻窦炎不伴鼻息肉(Chronic Rhinosinusitis Without Polyps,CRSsNP)患者及正常人相比,慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Polyps,CRSwNP)患者

目的 观测不同妊娠周龄人胚胎、正常成人及先天性内耳畸形患者膜迷路的三维建模,分析膜迷路空间立体结构数据.方法 利用7、10、12及16周龄的人胚胎连续序列切片与正常成人内耳和先天性内耳畸形患者影像学资料进行比较分析.人胚胎标本利用数字切片扫描获得高清二维图.测量不同妊娠周龄人胚胎与成人内耳结构.应用Mimics 21.0软件进行膜迷路三维建模.结果 数字切片扫描后高清二维图中清楚分辨内耳各结构,三维重建优于影像学结果.7、10、12、16周龄胚胎、正常成人及内耳畸形患者的前、后侧半规管总膜脚的夹角分别为157.36o、155.19o、153.79o、150.58o、121.36o及121.88o,耳蜗相对于前庭部分内弯,分别为130.15o、120.68o、146.12o、112.73o、104.61o及121.88o.除内耳畸形患者以外的外侧半规管的平面与颅骨水平轴面的夹角分别为36.86o、21.08o、18.37o、15.25o及15.65o.7、10与16周龄与正常成人内耳的3条半规管均互相垂直,12周龄人胚胎的前侧半规管与后、外侧半规管的夹角<90o.胚胎标本中绕蜗轴螺旋管在16周与12周龄已形成2.5圈,10周龄时为2圈,而7周龄时尚未形成1圈.先天性内耳畸形患者前庭囊状扩张大小约6.1 mm×4.6 mm,外侧半规管显示不清.结论 通过不同方法成功重建出发育阶段及出生后人内耳膜迷路,反映内耳各结构的空间位置关系并得出相关解剖测量值,推测先天性内耳畸形在胚胎期的发育停滞时间,为婴幼儿早期耳聋的诊断提供了初步依据.

上颌窦血肿并非罕见疾病,因其没有统一的名称,门诊病理不能诊断,导致术前难以确诊.我科于2016年至2020年,总共收治3例.报告如下: 1资料与方法 1.1 一般资料.3例均为女性,年龄为25-69岁(平均40岁),病程3月-1年(平均7.7月).3例均为单侧,右侧1例,左侧2例,1例以颌面部及眶周胀痛伴麻木感为主要症状,1例以鼻塞伴头痛为主要症状,1例以鼻塞,伴头痛、嗅觉减退及涕中带血为主要症状.