This work suggests a novel, miniaturized, metamaterial inspired antenna for biomedical applications. The proposed antenna operates in the range of 2.8GHz to 4.5GHz. Size reduction and gain improvement is achieved in the proposed design is possible due to the use of metamaterial. The size of the proposed prototype is 36×29×2 mm3 with polyamide acting as a substrate having 4.3 as permittivity value and dielectric loss tangent of 0.004. Repeating arrangement of unit cells is made on metamaterial based polyamide substrate by inserting the repeating arrangement of unit cells. Each unit cell comprises of two C-type patterned patch surrounded by a two U shaped patches. These patterns comprise CSRR (Complimentary Split Ring Resonators). Rectangular slots are made on ground plane for bandwidth enhancement. The suggested antenna provides a maximum return loss of 18 dB at a frequency of 3GHz and a gain of 3.024 dBi is achieved. The proposed antenna is designed using HFSS v 15 software suite.

This work purports an innovative hybrid fractal antenna design (circular and rectangular sierpinski fractal)for the detection of breast tumor, engaging minimal footprint and boasting remarkable and competent results. The antenna displays the dimensions of 38×35×0.75 mm 3 for the substrate. It employs partial ground bearing the length of 8mm in order to enhance the bandwidth and to acquire the desired frequency of operation. The antenna is imprinted on Duriod substrate with the relative permittivity of 2.2. It possesses incredible flexibility and is highly resistant to thermal shocks. The fractal design has 6 iterations, consisting of rectangular and circular fractals and operates in the sub-6 GHz band (3.4 GHz to 6 GHz) and low (under 1 GHz) frequency bands. The antenna and the breast phantom are designed in HFSS software. The breast phantom is comprised of 3 layers (fat, fibro and skin) and the tumor has different physical and electro-magnetic properties parameters. The breast phantom with and without tumor exhibits a noticeable difference in the results for S11, S21, gain, and radiation pattern, underlining the tumour’s presence and making its detection possible.

This work purports a unique reconfigurable antenna with a compact and simple structure and functions at two different frequencies viz 5GHz (Wi-Fi applications) and 28GHz (mmWave 5G) making it very suitable for present day mobile applications. The antenna structure comprises of two patches viz a main radiating circular patch and one subsidiary rectangular patch which is connected to the main radiating patch through a PIN diode. In the OFF mode of the PIN diode, the antenna operates at 5GHz and in the ON mode of the PIN diode, the antenna radiates at 28GHz. The antenna is imprinted on FR4 material with the relative permittivity of 4.4 and the total footprint of 30×30×1.6 mm 3 . The antenna exhibits an excellent gain for both the desired frequencies.