OBJECTIVES:Early-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) is diagnostically challenging due to overlap with inflammatory dermatoses. Age-related immunological and cutaneous changes may modify histopathological presentation. We aimed to compare clinical, histopathological and immunophenotypic features of early-stage MF between geriatric and non-geriatric patients. DESIGN:Multicentre retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING:Dermatology departments of tertiary centres in Türkiye. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 541 patients diagnosed with early-stage MF were included and stratified into geriatric (≥65 years) and non-geriatric (18-64 years) groups. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:The primary outcomes were age-related differences in histopathological and immunohistochemical features. Secondary outcomes included clinical characteristics and quality of life measures. Primary endpoints were prespecified a priori (epidermotropism, basilar lymphocytes, epidermal atrophy, dermal lymphocytic infiltration, papillary dermal fibrosis and CD4-dominant versus CD8(+)/CD4(-) phenotypes); all other comparisons were considered exploratory. RESULTS:The geriatric group had a higher proportion of males (59.5% vs 47.1%; p=0.004), while lesion type, duration, surface involvement and Dermatology Life Quality Index scores did not differ between groups. Histopathologically, epidermotropism (81.3% vs 63.3%), basilar lymphocytes (57.1% vs 45.7%), epidermal atrophy (26.6% vs 13.8%), dermal lymphocytic infiltration (75.8% vs 58.5%) and papillary dermal fibrosis (55.2% vs 38.4%) were more frequent in geriatric patients (all p<0.05). Plasma cells (13.5% vs 6.2%) and eosinophils (21.8% vs 13.8%) were also increased. A CD4-dominant phenotype was more common in geriatric patients (70.2% vs 60.6%; p=0.043), whereas a CD8-positive/CD4-negative phenotype was more frequent in non-geriatric patients (8.5% vs 2.6%; p=0.012). However, histopathological and immunohistochemical variables were extracted from existing routine pathology reports without central slide re-review, harmonised scoring criteria or adjudication; therefore, the reported frequencies may partly reflect intercentre/interobserver reporting practices and temporal changes in diagnostic work-up (eg, immunohistochemistry panels and reporting terminology) in addition to biological differences. CONCLUSIONS:Although clinical characteristics were comparable across age groups, geriatric patients showed differences in reported histopathological and immunophenotypic features; these observations may facilitate clinicopathological recognition of early-stage MF in older individuals. However, some features (particularly epidermal atrophy and superficial/papillary fibrosis) are not MF-specific and may partly reflect background age- and site-related changes.

Introduction: The prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) continues to be debated. This study was conducted to enhance the accuracy of its prognostic value through a single-centre analysis. Methods: Ninety-seven patients with NPC who received adjuvant radiotherapy between 1998 and 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The study included a total of 97 patients who were treated for NPC and had available data. In 54 (56%) patients the NLR was ≤3 and in 43 (44%) the NLR was >3. The mean age of the patients was 49.64±14.51 (range: 12-82) years. Four patients were ≤18 years old and 93 patients were >19 years old. Sixty-three (65%) patients were male, 34 (35%) patients were female. For stage I patients, NLR was ≤3 in 2 (2%) and >3 in 2 (2%) patients. For stage II patients, NLR was ≤3 in 10 (11%) and >3 in 8 (8%) patients. For stage III patients, NLR was ≤3 in 29 (30%) and >3 in 25 (26%) patients. For stage IVA patients, NLR was ≤3 in 12 (12%) and >3 in 8 (8%) patients. For stage IVB patients, NLR was >3 in 1 (1%). The follow-up period was 79.4±72.1 (2-279) months. In all patients, mean overall survival (OS) was 159.37±13.66 (132.97-185.76) months, median 205±31.11 (144-265.99) months, The 1-, 2- , 3- and 5-year survival rates were 87.3%, 81.5%, 74.3%, and 65.3%, respectively. In general, 54 (56%) of the patients had NLR ≤3, while 43 (44%) had NLR >3. Mean survival times were 169.72±14.2 (95%CI 141.86-197.56) and 133.88±18.95 (95%CI 96.72-171.03) months for NLR ≤3 and NLR >3 patients, respectively. Median survival time was 223 months for NLR ≤3 patients, whereas it was 118±66.11 (95%CI 0-247.58) for >3 patients. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5- year survival rates were 92.6%, 86.4%, 82% and 72.3% for NLR ≤3 and 80.3%, 75.6%, 65% and 56.8% for NLR >3 patients, respectively, indicating statistical significance (p=0.047). Conclusion: In NPC, a pre-treatment NLR above three indicates an unfavorable prognosis in survival and may be a valuable prognostic biomarker. A large-scale prospective study is necessary to validate the prognostic significance of NLR in NPC patients and to determine precise cut-off values.

Sudden idiopathic hearing loss (SIHL) is defined as sensorineural hearing loss at 30 dB or more at 3 consecutive frequencies that begins within 72 hours, and the etiology of the disease is still unclear. Steroid treatment is used as systemic and local (intratympanic) in sudden hearing loss, and different results have been reported for both treatment modalities. This study aimed to compare the results of the treatment in patients who received systemic steroid (SS) therapy and in patients who received systemic and intratympanic steroid (ITS) therapy for SIHL. In all, 169 patients who were admitted to our clinic with the diagnosis of SIHL between January 2007 and June 2018 were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups according to their admittance day, such as patients who received only SSs and patients who received SSs and ITSs. The results of these 2 treatment protocols were investigated. Statistical analysis was performed for all patients by grouping many factors that could be effective in prognosis, such as age, sex, and time of initiation of treatment. No differences were found between the SS group and the combined systemic-ITS group in treatment success. It was determined that being under 15 years of age, over 60 years of age, starting treatment after 7 days, vertigo, high initial hearing loss, descendant type, and total loss type in the audiogram configuration are poor prognostic factors. Being between 16 and 59 years of age, starting treatment within 7 days, having no vertigo, mild hearing loss, and having ascendant and plateau type in audiogram configuration are good prognostic factors. We observed that adding ITS treatment to SS treatment as an initial treatment did not provide any extra benefit. However, prospective, randomized, controlled studies will clarify the topic.

Purpose of Review Although non-squamous tumors of the larynx are really rare, they may not always be viewed from the same perspective in the multidisciplinary treatment approach once the diagnosis is made. In this review, non-squamous tumors of the larynx and current approaches in treatment will be discussed.Recent Findings When the studies and meta-analyses presented in the last 5 years are evaluated, it is seen that these tumors usually show non-specific symptoms. Due to their submucosal location, the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis is often advanced. In the literature, treatment may vary in these particular cases.Summary The majority of non-squamous tumors of the larynx includes minor salivary gland tumors, neuroendocrine carcinomas, sarcomas, cartilage tumors, and malignant melanomas. Once treating a patient with these diagnoses, it should be kept in mind that the histopathological subtype is almost as important as the stage of the tumor.

Chondromas are benign cartilaginous tumors and rarely develop in the nasal septum. Although it causes different symptoms depending on the location and size of the tumor, the most common complaints are nasal obstruction and epistaxis. A submucosal mass narrowing the nasal passage can be seen in the septum by an endoscope. Computed tomography gives information about the localization and size of the mass. A definitive diagnosis is made by histopathologic examination. Treatment is surgical excision. Endoscopic surgery provides a less invasive and successful treatment. This case series aims to share that 2 cases with a diagnosis of nasal septal chondroma were successfully treated with endoscopic surgery.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the demographic characteristics, indications for surgery, clinical follow-up results and complication rates of pediatric patients who have received a Paparella Type 1 tympanostomy tube (TT) insertion.Methods: Retropective review of 816 ears of 442 pediatric patients who received Paparella type 1 tympanostomy tube insertions was performed. The patients' age, indication for surgery, middle ear effusion, time to extrusion and postoperative complications were analyzed retrospectively. Ears operated for chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) and recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) were included in the study. Ears that underwent tympanostomy tube insertion for middle ear atelectasis and suppurative complications of acute otitis media were excluded from the study. Ears with middle ear effusion mucoid and serous were included. Ears without middle ear effusion or with purulent effusion were excluded from the study. Patients with a cleft palate, Down syndrome, craniofacial anomalies and those without regular follow-up until their tubes were extruded, were excluded from the study.Results: The mean age of surgery was 5.11 years. 54.3 % of the patients were male and 45.7 % were female. 734 (90 %) tube insertions were performed for patients with COME and 82 (10 %) for those with RAOM. Mucoid middle ear effusion was observed in 86.9 % and serous in 13.1 %. The mean extrusion time of the tubes was 7.16 months. 93.1 % of the tubes were extruded spontaneously within 1 year and 99.9 % within 2 years. Postoperative complications of patients that were included were 8.7 % with otorrhea, 7.7 % premature extrusion, 8.2 % tube occlusion, 0.2 % displacement into the middle ear, 8.2 % tympanic membrane changes (5.4 % sclerosis, 2.3 % retraction and 0.5 % atrophy), 1.2 % permanent perforation, 0.1 % cholesteatoma and 0.1 % retained their tube. Premature extrusion was found to be significantly higher in the RAOM group compared with the COME group (p = 0.042). Tube extrusion time did not affect tympanic membrane changes (p = 0.061).Conclusions: Complication rates after Paparella Type 1 tube insertion are low. The incidence of complications such as otorrhea and tube occlusion were not significantly different between the indication and middle ear effusion groups. Compared to COME group, premature extrusion were found more frequently in the RAOM group. Complications of displacement into the middle ear, permanent perforation, cholesteatoma and retained tube were much rarer.

Nasopharyngeal cancer is a very common head and neck cancer. Although concurrent chemotherapy plays an important role in controlling the disease, the risk of acute toxicity is high due to the anatomical location of the tumor. The aim of our study is to evaluate the acute side effects observed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy. A total of 64 patients (41 men, 23 women) between the ages of 20 and 82, who were diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer and treated, were included in the study. All patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy along with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. While 70 Gy radiotherapy was applied to the tumor and positive lymph nodes, 60 Gy radiotherapy was applied to the entire nasopharynx and bilateral neck lymph nodes. Three cycles of cisplatin 100 mg/m2 (days 1, 22 and 43) or weekly 40 mg/m2 cisplatin chemotherapy were used for treatment. Acute side effects of the patients were noted and evaluated. Of the patients included in the study, 15 (23%) had stage II disease, 37 (58%) had stage III disease, and 12 (19%) had stage IV disease. The rates of grade 2 and 3 hematological toxicity in male patients were 47% and 20%, respectively. The rates of grade 2 and 3 hematological toxicity in male patients were 47% and 20%, respectively. A significant difference was found in the hematological toxicity rate between both groups (p= 0.0001). In patients under the age of 65, grade 2 and 3 hematological toxicity rates were determined as 47% and 20%, respectively. In patients over 65 years of age, the rates of grade 2 and 3 esophagitis were 53% and 80%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the rate of esophagitis between both groups (p= 0.0001). Our results are compatible with the literature in terms of acute side effects. Close monitoring and treatment of acute side effects can improve patient compliance with treatment, improve quality of life, and increase the effectiveness of treatment.

Objective: To explore retrospectively how pretreatment hemoglobin levels affected the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer receiving chemoradiotherapy. Methods: Clinical data of 97 nasopharyngeal cancer patients who received definitive chemoradiotherapy between 2000 and 2022 were analyzed. We accepted the cut-off value of hemoglobin as 11.0g/dL. Results: In general, 13 (13%) of patients were Hb≤11g/dL, while 84 (86%) was Hb>11g/dL. Median survival times were 76 (95%CI 19-132) months and 205 (95%CI 157-252) months for Hb≤11g/dL and Hb>11g/dL patients, respectively. 1, 2, 3 and 5 year survival rates were 67.7%, 67.7%, 67.7% and 58% for Hb≤11g/dL and 90.3%, 83.6.2%, 75.2% and 66.1% for Hb>11g/dL patients, respectively, and this difference show no statistical significance (p=0.254). When we evaluated patients according to WHO criteria for anemia (hemoglobin <12g/dL (female) or <13g/dL (male)), the median survival time was 220 (95%CI 190-255) months for non-anemic patients whereas it was 76 (95%CI 0-157) months for anemic patients. 1, 2, 3 and 5 year survival rates were 92.5%, 87.6%, 78.8% and 68.9% for non-anemic and 75%, 67.5%, 63.7% and 55.8% for anemic patients, respectively. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.013). Conclusion: In our study, although Hb<11g/dl before chemoradiotherapy did not show a statistically significant difference in nasopharyngeal cancer patients, the median overall survival of 76 months in Hb≤11g/dL patients and 205 months for Hb>11g/dL patients. However, pretreatment anemia according to WHO criteria, and Hb≤11 g/dL in male patients were found to be independent adverse prognostic factors.

INTRODUCTION:Vocal fold nodules are benign lesions that cause hoarseness in all age groups including children, adolescents, and adults. These nodules may be caused either by singing or other causes of tension in vocal activity.OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological symptoms of adult patients with hoarseness and to investigate the relationship in psychological symptoms before and after voice therapy.METHODS:23 Patients who were admitted with a voice complaint and diagnosed with vocal fold nodules and a matched control group were evaluated. Two inventories recommended by our psychiatrist (The Beck Anxiety Inventory, Brief Symptom Inventory) and Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10), were completed to evaluate the treatment outcomes and psychosocial properties of the patients before and after voice therapy.RESULTS:A significant difference was observed in the BAI and BSI scores between the nodule (+) group and the control group at the beginning of the study, before voice therapy. A significant difference was found between the mean scores on the BAI and the BSI before and after therapy in the vocal fold nodules group.CONCLUSION:Patients with vocal fold nodules should be evaluated more extensively using psychological assessment scales, such as the BSI, and a psychiatric consultation should be added in cases of abnormal findings.

Objective:In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, which emerged in Wuhan, China, spread rapidly and created a pandemic. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) can affect different organ systems, including the skin. Recently, COVID-19 cases with skin lesions of different clinicopathological features have been published. This study aimed to present the histopathological features of 19 COVID-19 cases with cutaneous findings and discuss them in light of the literature. Methods:Skin biopsy specimens of 19 patients with skin rashes associated with COVID-19 were evaluated histopathologically and clinically. Results:Clinical manifestations of rashes developed in eight female, seven male, and four pediatric patients with COVID-19. Urticaria/urticarial vasculitis (n=7), maculopapular eruption (n=7), panniculitis (n=2), purpuric eruptions (n=2), and livedoid-like lesions were noted. Histopathologically, besides the inflammatory findings, the most striking feature was that the vessels were more or less affected in almost all cases. Conclusions:Cutaneous lesions associated with COVID-19 are increasingly being reported. We believe that every data presented about this disease, which has many unknowns, will shed light on future research. Every case can lead us a new way.

Objectives: In our study, we aimed to evaluate the causes of peripheral lymphadenopathy (LAP).Materials and Methods: Patients older than 18 years old who were diagnosed with LAP and underwent peripheral lymph node biopsies between 01.11.2017 and 01.01.2020 were included in the study.The demographic data and histopathological findings of the patients were retrospectively reviewed on the computer database of the hospital.Results: One hundred ninety-seven adult patients in total were included in the study, 51.27% (n=101) of whom were female.The rates of fever, night sweats, and weight loss symptoms were detected as 8.63%, 13.70%, and 20.30%, respectively.Excisional biopsy was performed in 93.40% of the patients, and the most frequently excised lymph node was the axillary node at a rate of 40.10%.According to the results of the histopathological analyses, the most common etiology was malignancy, and the second one was infectious, at 31.98% and 29.95%, respectively.Malignancy was caused by lymphoma in 93.65% of the cases, whereas the infectious etiology was caused by tuberculosis at 74.58%.A specific diagnosis could not be made for 26.90% of the cases, and their outpatient follow-up was continued. Conclusion:Although LAP is often associated with infections, it also occurs as a manifestation of malignant diseases.In our study, the most common etiology was malignant diseases.Infections were the second most common etiology, and among infections, tuberculosis was the leading one.LAP is a frequently encountered clinical condition that is difficult to manage.To avoid delays in diagnosis, patients should be carefully evaluated and followed closely.Although a specific diagnosis cannot always be made, histopathology remains the gold standard for diagnosis.

Purpose: Discectomy is one of the preferred temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgical procedures for the treatment of internal derangements when conservative and minimally invasive treatments have failed. The purpose of the current study is to investigate whether a TMJ discectomy operation influences auditory function and clinical variables. Methods: This prospective study was composed of patients who underwent a TMJ discectomy operation between 2016 and 2020. Auditory function was evaluated with pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, and acoustic reflex tests at preoperatively (T-0), postoperative first week (T-1), first month (T-2), and third month (T-3). Clinical parameters including maximum mouth opening (MMO) and TMJ pain were also evaluated at T-0, T-1, T-2, T-3, and sixth month (T-4). Results: The study consisted of 17 patients (5 males, 12 females) with a mean age of 42.65. A significant reduction in visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores and MMO values compared to baseline values was achieved in all follow up periods (PT0-T1= .001; P-T(0-T2/T3/T4) < 0 01) In pure tone audiometry, a significant increase in T-1-T-0 comparisons at 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 6000 Hz, 8000 Hz frequencies, and pure tone average (P = .008; P = .005; P = .012; P = .002; P = .001) was observed. In T-3-T-0 comparisons, a statistically significant decrease was observed in pure tone thresholds at 125 Hz and 8000 Hz frequencies (P = .008; P = .01). There was no statistically significant difference in middle ear pressure and compliance values at T-1, T-2, and T-3 compared to T-0 (P > .05). Type C tympanogram was seen in 3 patients at T-1 and in 1 patient at T-2. Acoustic reflex tests were positive in all patients. Conclusions: Although mild changes occurred in auditory tests in the early postoperative period, TMJ discectomy procedure has no permanent effect on auditory function. (C) 2021 The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

Objective: This study aimed to determine how prevalent allergic rhinitis (AR) is in Turkey and to compare the current prevalence with the figures obtained 10 years earlier. Methods: This study included 9,017 participants. The minimum number of participants required from each center was determined via a stratified sampling technique according to regional demographic characteristics as ascertained from the last census. For each region, both men and women were administered the score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire and a score for each participant was calculated based on the responses supplied. Results: A total of 9,017 individuals (55.3% men and 44.7% women) took part in this study. Of these, 94.4% were urban residents and 5.6% lived in a rural setting. Of the men, 38.5% self-reported as suffering from AR. The corresponding figure in women was 40.5%. The overall prevalence of AR, as deduced on the basis of the SFAR, was found to be 36.7%. Comparing the prevalence in different regions, we found that AR was the least prevalent in the Black Sea region with a frequency of 35.8%. The highest prevalence was in the Mediterranean region, where the prevalence was 37.7%. There was no statistical significance in the apparent differences in prevalence between different geographical regions. Despite this, however, there was a clear increase in the frequency of AR over the preceding decade. This increase was most pronounced in the South-Eastern Anatolian region, where the frequency rose from 21.0% to 36.9%. Conclusion: Our results indicate that there has been a marked increase in the prevalence of AR in every region in Turkey over the last 10 years. This could be related to living conditions in urban environments. Alterations in lifestyle, urban living, air pollution causing impairments in immune defense mechanisms, and other aspects of modern lifestyles may account for the increase in AR in Turkey.

Objectives: The present study aimed to retrospectively evaluate patients who were operated for carotid body tumors (CBT) in our clinic. Methods: The present study involved 19 patients who underwent surgical CBT removal in the Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery Department of Karadeniz Technical University Medical Faculty between 2013 and 2018. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentation and findings of physical examination, Shamblin classifications based on preoperative radiological images, surgical procedure, histopathological diagnosis and complications were recorded from hospital records. Results: Seven of the patients were male and 12 were female. The mean age of the patients was 48.8 years and the most frequent symptom was a painless mass in the neck. According to the Shamblin classification, seven of our patients had Shamblin type I, nine patients had Shamblin type II and three patients had Shamblin type III tumors. Twelve patients had preoperative embolization of the tumor and seven patients were operated without embolization. Three patients had intraoperative carotid artery injury-related complications, whereas one patient had weakness in tongue movements due to hypoglossal nerve paresis. Conclusion: The main treatment for CBT is surgery, however, preoperative embolization is still controversial. Successful management of patients with CBT can be achieved via a multidisciplinary approach with the participation of head and neck surgery, cardiovascular surgery and radiology departments.

In otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery, there are several routine and surgical procedures applied to the upper airway that generate droplets and/or aerosols. Therefore, otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgeons are at higher risk of being exposed to viral content. The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the world with approximately 30 million affected cases and more than 900.000 deaths officially reported in more than 200 countries/regions from March 11th, 2020 to date (September 12th, 2020). All healthcare providers working at the frontlines of the fight against the COVID-19 are at risk of contracting the virus. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of the different types of respiratory protective equipment and remind about the surgery-based respiratory protection strategies in otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgeries in the light of the latest literature.

Purpose: This randomized double-blind study aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamic parameters and the quality of surgery and recovery criteria in tympanoplasty operations. Materials and methods: A total of 75 patients 18-55 years undergoing tympanoplasty, who were graded as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II, were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 included patients receiving remifentanil alone, Group 2 included patients receiving dexmedetomidine + remifentanil and Group 3 included patients receiving dexmedetomidine + 1/2 remifentanil. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and cisatracurium. For maintenance of anesthesia, a mixture of 2-2.5% sevoflurane, 40-60% oxygen/air was used. The groups were compared in terms of hemodynamic parameters, surgical area, recovery criteria, modified Aldrete, pain scores, additional analgesic requirements and adverse effects. Results: Mean arterial pressure and heart rate values of Group 1 were higher at the time of intubation, incision, spontaneous breathing and extubation compared to Group 2 and Group 3. Surgical field satisfaction was higher in Group 2 and Group 3 than Group 1. Spontaneous breathing, eye opening and verbal cooperation times were shorter in Group 3 compared to Group 2. Eye opening and verbal cooperation times were longer in Group 2 compared to Group 1. The 30-minute modified Aldrete scores was higher in Group 3 compared to Group 1. There was no difference between the groups in terms of postoperative pain and adverse effects. Conclusion: The use of dexmedetomidine during tympanoplasty operations may provide better hemodynamic control and surgical view, may provide faster recovery and may reduce remifentanil consumption.

COVID-19 is highly transmissible and spreads rapidly in the population. This increases the occupational risk for health care workers. In otolaryngology clinic practice, patients with upper respiratory tract infection symptoms are common. Also, routine head and neck examinations such as oral cavity examination, nasal/nasopharyngeal examination, or video laryngostroboscopic evaluation are highly risky because of the aerosol formation. To emphasize this issue, two leading otolaryngology organizations in Turkey; 'Voice Speech and Swallowing Disorders Society', and 'Professional Voice Society' gathered a task force. This task force aimed to prepare a consensus report that would provide practical recommendations of the safety measurements during routine clinical care of laryngology patients. To fulfill this, universal aim, on the 2nd and 9th of May 2020, two web-based meetings were conducted by 20 expert physicians. This eighteen items list was prepared as an output.

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available to privacy or ethical restrictions.

Aim: To investigate the levels of metabolites (predominantly uric acid) effective on biochemical, and coagulation parameters and evaluate their effects on the onset, and course of the disease. Methods: In this retrospective study, files of 92 patients hospitalized between January 2007, and December 2013, in our clinic with established diagnosis of sudden hearing loss were screened. The biochemical (predominantly uric acid), and hematological parameters were compared with those of the control group. In addition, the patient group was divided into two groups according to uric acid levels and the difference between the groups was investigated in terms of the onset or course of the disease. Results: A significant difference was not detected between the patient, and the control groups regarding mean uric acid levels. Among biochemical parameters glucose, creatinine, and international normalized ratio (INR) were significantly higher (p<0.05) while a significant intergroup difference was not detected as for other parameters. A significant intergroup difference was not detected in mean pure- tone averages, and mean hearing gain at admission between two groups formed based on uric acid levels, while post-treatment pure-tone average was significantly better in patients with higher serum uric acid levels. In the patient group, uric acid levels were significantly higher in patients with partial hearing loss relative to those with total loss. Conclusion: In our study, we could not find a significant difference between the patient and the control groups as for uric acid levels. However, we have encountered evidence supporting the possible role of serum uric acid levels in the prognosis of sudden hearing loss.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a rare fibro-osseous lesion in the practice of otolaryngology. Peripheral ossifying fibroma is frequently seen in craniofacial bones. They are of two types, central and peripheral. Although these lesions can be seen at any age, they are more often seen in women in the second to fourth decade of life. Peripheral ossifying fibromas are generally less than 2 cm, painless, well-demarcated, slowly-growing lesions with pedunculated or sessile. Approximately 60% of it occurs in the anterior part of the maxillary bone. The diagnosis is made clinically, radiologically and histopathologically. Surgical excision should be performed to prevent recurrence and patients should be followed up for a long time. In this study, the clinical, radiological and surgical characteristics of a 33-year-old patient with peripheral ossifying fibroma in the maxillary sinus anterior wall were discussed in the light of the literature.