BACKGROUND:Isotretinoin is the most effective treatment for severe acne, but optimal cumulative dosing remains debated. While 120 mg/kg is standard, some advocate higher doses or prolonged treatment to reduce relapse. OBJECTIVES:To compare acne outcomes between 120 and 150 mg/kg cumulative isotretinoin dosing and to evaluate 12-month relapse and scarring. METHODS:In this single-centre, randomized single-blind trial, with blinded outcomes assessment, patients with moderate-to-severe cystic acne were allocated to cumulative isotretinoin doses of 120 or 150 mg/kg. Primary outcomes were changes in total lesion count and acne severity grade (1-8 scale) from baseline to mid-treatment and end of treatment; secondary outcomes included 12-month acne relapse and scarring. RESULTS:Both cumulative dose groups showed comparable improvements in acne severity and lesion counts from baseline to treatment completion, with no significant differences between groups (all p > 0.20). Scarring did not worsen over the course of treatment. At 12 months after treatment discontinuation, relapse rates were similar between groups: 26.7% in the 120 mg/kg group and 32.3% in the 150 mg/kg group (p = 0.619). Adverse events were mild and comparable. LIMITATIONS:Single-centre design and retrospective trial registration. CONCLUSIONS:Increasing dosing to 150 mg/kg provides no benefit. Extended therapy does not reduce relapse, supporting 120 mg/kg as optimal. Persistent acne required longer treatment.

A 14-year-old girl presented with a 4-day history of an intensely pruritic and burning rash on her bilateral forearms, appearing 10 days after a black henna tattoo application. This case explores the approach to paraphenylenediamine contact dermatitis and differential diagnoses.

Real-world use of dupilumab has unveiled a spectrum of side effects that were not fully appreciated in initial clinical trials. While dupilumab remains a highly effective treatment for atopic dermatitis, clinicians must be aware of real-world adverse effects including ocular complications, inflammatory arthritis, psoriasiform eruptions and head and neck dermatitis; as well as reported associations including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, alopecia areata, vitiligo and weight gain.

Vaccination plays a critical role in protecting against infectious diseases, particularly in those with compromised immune systems. While traditional recommendations advise against live attenuated vaccination in patients undergoing most biologic therapies due to the potential risk of serious infections (vaccine-related disease caused by unchecked replication of the live vaccine microorganism), emerging evidence and expert opinion suggest live attenuated vaccines may be safely and effectively administered with appropriate precautions when using certain medications such as dupilumab and apremilast. This systematic review evaluates the administration of live attenuated vaccines in patients receiving these drugs. A search of MEDLINE and Embase identified 12 relevant publications, including 2 case series, 3 clinical trials, and 7 consensus statements, recommendations, or guidelines. The findings suggest that, in certain circumstances, live attenuated vaccines may be safely administered to patients on dupilumab with appropriate precautions. Data on live attenuated vaccination with apremilast remain limited. Current recommendations emphasise shared decision-making between clinicians and patients, considering individual risk factors. Further evidence is needed to establish definitive guidelines on live attenuated vaccine administration in patients receiving these therapies.

Actinic prurigo (AP) is a rare, idiopathic, acquired photodermatosis predominantly affecting indigenous populations in North, Central and South America. It is characterised by intensely pruritic papules and nodules on sun-exposed skin, with potential involvement of the lips and conjunctivae. Treatment options are limited and often ineffective or associated with an unacceptable safety profile. This systematic review evaluates the existing evidence on the use of dupilumab and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for AP management. A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Embase, for English-language publications mentioning the use of dupilumab or JAK inhibitors for AP. Eligible studies included case reports, case series, observational studies, clinical trials, consensus statements and guidelines. Two independent reviewers assessed the manuscripts. The search yielded 125 results, with seven publications meeting eligibility criteria, comprising six case reports and one case series. Four publications described three patients successfully treated with dupilumab, demonstrating significant improvement within weeks of initiation. Three reports detailed the successful use of the JAK inhibitors tofacitinib and baricitinib in three patients, leading to rapid symptom resolution. Emerging evidence suggests that dupilumab and JAK inhibitors may be effective in AP treatment. Evidence is limited to case reports with short follow-up durations. Further studies are necessary to establish the efficacy, safety and long-term outcomes of these novel therapies.

BackgroundTreatment for vitiligo is limited, with variable efficacy, and can be time-consuming or expensive. Recent developments within biologic therapy have demonstrated promising results with managing chronic autoimmune conditions.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of tildrakizumab in inducing repigmentation in vitiligo.MethodsThis was an investigator-initiated, open label, pilot study involving a single arm of 12 patients with stable non-segmental vitiligo. Patients were treated with once monthly subcutaneous 200 mg/mL tildrakizumab across 24 weeks. The primary outcome was change/percentage improvement in Vitiligo Area Scoring Index and Vitiligo Extent Score from baseline to Week 24.circle circle circle ResultsTwelve patients were enroled and eight completed the study. A nonsignificant mean percentage improvement of 1.15% in total VASI score from baseline to week 24 (95% CI, -13.77 to 16.10%, p = 0.87) and a nonsignificant mean improvement of 13.80% in VES (95% CI, -34.99 to 30.85, p = 0.89) was observed. There were no severe adverse events from the study. The most common minor adverse events recorded were upper respiratory tract infections (coryzal symptoms), erythema and hyperpigmentation.ConclusionsSubcutaneous tildrakizumab did not demonstrate statistically significant repigmentation, however further research is warranted to explore it as an alternative option for the management of active vitiligo and as a maintenance therapy. Limitations: The study was limited due to the open-label nature of the study, small sample size, broad inclusion criteria and selection of patients with stable, treatment-resistant lesions.

Australasian Journal of DermatologyEarly View RESEARCH LETTER Dupilumab for chronic actinic dermatitis: A case series and review of the literature Zachary Holmes MB, BCh, BAO, MA, MSc, MRCPI, Corresponding Author Zachary Holmes MB, BCh, BAO, MA, MSc, MRCPI [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-6763 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Correspondence Zachary Holmes, Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorPeter Foley MBBS, BMedSc, MD, FACD, Peter Foley MBBS, BMedSc, MD, FACD Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Skin Health Institute, Carlton, Victoria, Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorChris Baker MBBS, FACD, Chris Baker MBBS, FACD Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorBenjamin S. Daniel MBBS, BA, BCom, MMed (Clin Epi), FACD, Benjamin S. Daniel MBBS, BA, BCom, MMed (Clin Epi), FACD orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-1115 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author Zachary Holmes MB, BCh, BAO, MA, MSc, MRCPI, Corresponding Author Zachary Holmes MB, BCh, BAO, MA, MSc, MRCPI [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-6763 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Correspondence Zachary Holmes, Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorPeter Foley MBBS, BMedSc, MD, FACD, Peter Foley MBBS, BMedSc, MD, FACD Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Skin Health Institute, Carlton, Victoria, Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorChris Baker MBBS, FACD, Chris Baker MBBS, FACD Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorBenjamin S. Daniel MBBS, BA, BCom, MMed (Clin Epi), FACD, Benjamin S. Daniel MBBS, BA, BCom, MMed (Clin Epi), FACD orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-1115 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 17 April 2024 https://doi.org/10.1111/ajd.14293Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES 1Ko DY, Choi SH, Ha SM, Kim TH, Song KH, Kim KH, et al. The clinical severity score of chronic actinic dermatitis correlates with in vivo photoallergic reactions and the immunologic parameters related to a shift towards Th2 immunity from the Th2/Th1 balanced status in patients with chronic actinic dermatitis. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2016; 32: 199–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/phpp.12244 10.1111/phpp.12244 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 2Olbrich H, Sadik CD, Ludwig RJ, Thaçi D, Boch K. Dupilumab in inflammatory skin diseases: a systematic review. Biomolecules. 2023; 13(4):634. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040634 10.3390/biom13040634 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 3Chen J, Yu N, Wu W, Ou S, Chen Q, Zhu H. The effectiveness and safety of dupilumab for the treatment of recalcitrant chronic actinic dermatitis: a case series. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2023; 16: 2357–2363. https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s422683 10.2147/CCID.S422683 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 4Patel N, Konda S, Lim HW. 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Australasian Journal of DermatologyEarly View RESEARCH LETTER Tildrakizumab use for recalcitrant pityriasis rubra pilaris Zachary Holmes MBBChBAO, MSc, MRCP, Corresponding Author Zachary Holmes MBBChBAO, MSc, MRCP [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-6763 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Correspondence Zachary Holmes, Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorMichelle S. Goh MBBS, FACD, Michelle S. Goh MBBS, FACD Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorPeter Foley MD, FACD, Peter Foley MD, FACD orcid.org/0000-0001-5891-5607 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Skin Health Institute, Carlton, Victoria, Australia The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorBenjamin S. Daniel MBBS, MMed, FACD, Benjamin S. Daniel MBBS, MMed, FACD orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-1115 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author Zachary Holmes MBBChBAO, MSc, MRCP, Corresponding Author Zachary Holmes MBBChBAO, MSc, MRCP [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-6763 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Correspondence Zachary Holmes, Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorMichelle S. Goh MBBS, FACD, Michelle S. Goh MBBS, FACD Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorPeter Foley MD, FACD, Peter Foley MD, FACD orcid.org/0000-0001-5891-5607 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Skin Health Institute, Carlton, Victoria, Australia The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorBenjamin S. Daniel MBBS, MMed, FACD, Benjamin S. Daniel MBBS, MMed, FACD orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-1115 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 30 May 2024 https://doi.org/10.1111/ajd.14307Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES 1Ringin S, Baker CS, Foley P, Daniel BS. Pityriasis rubra pilaris treatment options: a retrospective case series from a tertiary hospital. Dermatol Ther. 2021; 34(6):e15128. https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.15128 10.1111/dth.15128 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 2Napolitano M, Abeni D, Didona B. Biologics for pityriasis rubra pilaris treatment: a review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018; 79(2): 353–359.e11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.036 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.036 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 3Sood S, Akuffo-Addo E, Yeung J, Mufti A. Biologic treatment options for pityriasis rubra pilaris: an evidence-based systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023; 89(6): 1306–1308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2023.08.057 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.08.057 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 4Zagarella SS, Jiang KW. Successful treatment of pityriasis rubra pilaris with tildrakizumab. 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Vitiligo is a chronic depigmenting disorder that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. Though there have been significant advancements in targeted therapies in skin diseases such as psoriasis or eczema, the progress in the treatment of vitiligo has been slow, with minimal studies assessing the effect of biologics, though there has been recent evidence of the effectiveness of JAK inhibition. This paper reviews the published case reports and studies for the use of systemic targeted therapies including biologics and JAK inhibitors in vitiligo.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disorder resulting in the depigmentation of skin characterised by patches of varying sizes and shapes. A common disorder of pigmentation that affects 0.5%-2% of the global population. Despite its well-understood autoimmune pathogenesis, the targets for effective cytokine intervention remain unclear. Current first-line treatments include oral or topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors and phototherapy. These treatments are limited, have varying efficacies, and are associated with significant adverse events or can be time-consuming. Therefore, biologics should be explored as a potential treatment for vitiligo. There are currently limited data for the use of JAK and IL-23 inhibitors for vitiligo. A total of 25 studies were identified in the review. There is promising evidence regarding the use of JAK and IL-23 inhibitors for the treatment of vitiligo.

Australasian Journal of DermatologyVolume 64, Issue 2 p. e121-e124 REVIEW ARTICLE Primary cutaneous amyloidosis: A review of the available studies and gaps in data Tim Aung FRACGP, FRNZCGP, Dip in Gen Derm and Skin Cancer Surgery, Certificate in Dermatoscope, Corresponding Author Tim Aung FRACGP, FRNZCGP, Dip in Gen Derm and Skin Cancer Surgery, Certificate in Dermatoscope [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-2203 General Practice, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Correspondence Tim Aung, C/- Star Medical Centre-Woodridge, 29 Station Rd, Logan Central, Qld 4114, Australia. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorRowland Noakes FACD, Rowland Noakes FACD orcid.org/0000-0001-9908-3325 Queensland Institute of Dermatology, South Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorDedee F. Murrell MA (Cambridge) BMBCh (Oxford) FAAD (USA) MD (UNSW) FACD, FRCP (Edin) DSc (Oxford), Dedee F. Murrell MA (Cambridge) BMBCh (Oxford) FAAD (USA) MD (UNSW) FACD, FRCP (Edin) DSc (Oxford) orcid.org/0000-0003-2971-0199 Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Department of Dermatology, St George Hospital Campus, Kogarah, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorBenjamin S. Daniel MMed (Clin Epi), FACD, Benjamin S. Daniel MMed (Clin Epi), FACD orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-1115 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital- Melbourne, St George Hospital- Sydney, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorAwatef Kelati MD, Awatef Kelati MD orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-4584 Department of Dermatology, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, MoroccoSearch for more papers by this author Tim Aung FRACGP, FRNZCGP, Dip in Gen Derm and Skin Cancer Surgery, Certificate in Dermatoscope, Corresponding Author Tim Aung FRACGP, FRNZCGP, Dip in Gen Derm and Skin Cancer Surgery, Certificate in Dermatoscope [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-2203 General Practice, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Correspondence Tim Aung, C/- Star Medical Centre-Woodridge, 29 Station Rd, Logan Central, Qld 4114, Australia. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorRowland Noakes FACD, Rowland Noakes FACD orcid.org/0000-0001-9908-3325 Queensland Institute of Dermatology, South Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorDedee F. Murrell MA (Cambridge) BMBCh (Oxford) FAAD (USA) MD (UNSW) FACD, FRCP (Edin) DSc (Oxford), Dedee F. Murrell MA (Cambridge) BMBCh (Oxford) FAAD (USA) MD (UNSW) FACD, FRCP (Edin) DSc (Oxford) orcid.org/0000-0003-2971-0199 Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Department of Dermatology, St George Hospital Campus, Kogarah, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorBenjamin S. Daniel MMed (Clin Epi), FACD, Benjamin S. Daniel MMed (Clin Epi), FACD orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-1115 Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital- Melbourne, St George Hospital- Sydney, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorAwatef Kelati MD, Awatef Kelati MD orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-4584 Department of Dermatology, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, MoroccoSearch for more papers by this author First published: 24 February 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/ajd.14012Citations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. 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