The red imported fire ant (RIFA), Solenopsis invicta, is a globally invasive pest that causes substantial ecological, agricultural, and public health challenges. Conventional control strategies primarily depend on chemical insecticides, which present environmental risks and limited long-term efficacy. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the bacterial microbiota of S. invicta and compared it with a sympatric non-target ant species (Pheidole nodus) to explore the ecological significance and biocontrol potential of symbiotic bacteria. High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the symbiotic bacterial community of S. invicta exhibited markedly higher richness and diversity. A total of 1651 amplified sequence variants (ASVs) were identified, of which 1089 ASVs are unique to the RIFAs, and 460 are unique to non-target ants. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) highlighted 33 biomarker taxa (score > 6.5), with strong enrichment of Stenotrophomonas, Serratia, Pseudomonas, Luteibacter, Bradyrhizobium, Brucella, Smaragdicoccus, Gordonia, and Aeromonas. Functional predictions and enzymatic assays in vitro demonstrated that dominant cultivable genera, particularly Stenotrophomonas (SI-7, SI-17), Serratia (SI-1, SI-3, SI-6, SI-18), and Pseudomonas (SI-2, SI-8, SI-9, SI-11, SI-19), exhibit substantial proteolytic and lipolytic activity, suggesting key roles in nutrient metabolism and host ecological adaptability. Antibiotic susceptibility profiling further revealed that florfenicol shows broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against these dominant symbionts. These findings indicate that disrupting dominant symbiotic bacteria may impair host physiology and thus serve as a targeted control strategy. Overall, the study elucidates the diversity, functional potential, and biocontrol applicability of the S. invicta microbiome, providing a foundation for developing sustainable, microbiome-based pest management approaches.

Postoperative infections, particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), pose a severe threat to patients receiving postoperative nursing such as pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. The need for rapid, accurate, and sensitive MRSA detection in clinical settings remains unmet by conventional culture-based or single-analyte molecular methods, which are often slow, complex, or lack sufficient specificity and sensitivity. Herein, we report a novel, integrated biosensing platform that achieves ultrasensitive and specific MRSA detection by synergistically combining proximity hybridization, hybridization chain reaction (HCR), T7 RNA polymerase-driven transcription, and CRISPR-Cas12a trans-cleavage. The assay initiates with the dual recognition of MRSA surface markers, Protein A and PBP2a, by antibody-conjugated DNA probes. Subsequent proximity hybridization triggers an HCR cascade, forming a long DNA polymer that serves as a template for T7-mediated transcription, generating abundant target-specific crRNAs. These crRNAs guide Cas12a complexes, whose activated trans-cleavage activity produces a strong, quantifiable fluorescent signal. This meticulously orchestrated, multi-stage amplification strategy confers the assay with exceptional performance: a wide dynamic range from 10 to 10⁶ CFU/mL, a low detection limit, and excellent specificity against common interfering pathogens. The method demonstrated high reliability in spiked serum samples, showing strong correlation with the gold-standard culture technique. By seamlessly integrating protein recognition with nucleic acid amplification and CRISPR-based signal generation, this work presents a significant advancement in diagnostic technology for timely and precise monitoring of MRSA infections during postoperative nursing.

Tobacco bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating soil-borne disease, with conventional controls limited by pathogen resistance and environmental pollution. This study investigated the biocontrol potential of Bacillus subtilis strain SNC-183 against tobacco bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum. SNC-183, isolated from rhizosphere soil in Luzhou, China, demonstrated 83.33% inhibition efficiency against the pathogen at 56 h fermentation. Field trials revealed that SNC-183 application reduced Ralstonia abundance by 24.66% while enriching beneficial genera like Gemmatimonadaceae and Nitrospira. Soil microbial diversity including ACE and Shannon indices increased significantly, with upregulated functional genes for antibiotic biosynthesis and secondary metabolites. Additionally, treated soils exhibited improved physicochemical properties: alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, quick-acting potassium, and elevated pH. These findings highlight SNC-183 as a sustainable alternative for modulating rhizosphere microecology and suppressing tobacco bacterial wilt.

The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) is an invasive species recognized for its aggressive behavior, posing significant risks to human health and local ecosystems. Pathogenic microbes, including fungi, bacteria, and viruses, play a critical role in the population of this pest and limiting its damage. Recent studies highlight the essential functions of gut microbiota, particularly bacteria, in enhancing S. invicta's immune responses to these pathogens. This review examines the diversity of gut microbiota in S. invicta, elucidating their contributions to immunity against pathogenic infections and their impact on the ant's overall activity and behavior. Previous studies indicate that the gut microbiota of S. invicta comprises various bacterial genera, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinobacteria, Staphylococcus, Lactococcus, Ralstonia, Achromobacter, and Lansdales, which play vital roles, particularly in digestion, nutrient synthesis, and immune function against pathogens. Furthermore, the composition of gut microbiota significantly influences foraging efficiency and social interactions within S. invicta colonies. Therefore, understanding the role of gut microbiota in the behavior and activity of S. invicta provides valuable insights for developing effective management strategies to control their populations. This review summarizes previous research on gut microbiota in S. invicta, focusing on its ecological significance and implications for future pest management studies.

British bluebell [Hyacinthoides non-scripta (L.) Chouard ex Rothm.] is native to British Isles and North-Central Europe and has been introduced to America, Oceania, and Asia due to its aesthetic and horticultural appeal. In November 2022, rotten bulbs of British bluebell were found in Songjiang District, Shanghai, China. Fungal isolates from the rotten bulbs were identified as Fusarium based on ITS sequences. Further analyses of tef1, rpb1, and rpb2 barcoding sequences and conidial micromorphology identified the Fusarium isolates as F. solani. The pathogenicity of the F. solani isolates was verified and fulfilled Koch's postulates. This is the first report that F. solani causes bulb rot of British bluebell.

Bacterial infections continue to persist as a major global healthcare challenge, exacerbated by the alarming rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that renders conventional antibiotics increasingly ineffective. In response, bacteriophage therapy has re-emerged as a viable alternative to antibiotics, leveraging the natural ability of phages to target and lyse specific bacterial pathogens. However, phage therapy is subjected to diverse challenges such as phage stability, targeted delivery, and bacterial resistance limiting its clinical applications. Recent mechanistic advancements in nanotechnology present a groundbreaking solution by enabling precise nano-based engineering of phages with enhanced therapeutic properties. This review examines the integration of nanotechnology tools and products with phage therapy, highlighting innovative strategies such as nanomaterial-based encapsulation, functionalization, improve stability, precise delivery and inhibit toxicological exposure. Furthermore, nanotechnology facilitates controlled release, prolonged circulation, and synergistic combinations with dynamic phage therapies. The review also investigates perspectives related to the challenges such as standardization, scalability, immunogenicity, and regulatory barriers of phage therapy, encompassing the future emphasis on the development of biocompatible carriers. By overcoming these obstacles, nanotechnology-enabled phage therapy has the potential to improve the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria, offering a more targeted, adaptable, and sustainable approach to combating the growing threat of AMR.

China faces a continuously growing food demand, while a large proportion of its cultivated land is increasingly being shifted to non-grain plantation, leading to widespread soil fertility degradation and microbial community imbalance in lands converted back to grain production. To address the critical research gap of targeted soil fertility restoration and yield enhancement in these marginal non-grain-converted cultivated lands using microbial-based strategies, this study aimed to screen and identify plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and systematically assess their effects on soil health and rice growth in non-grain-converted fields. Bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere soils of non-grain-converted fields and identified through morphology and multilocus gene sequencing. Key plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, including phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, siderophore formation, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, were assessed. The effects of these strains on soil microbial communities and soil properties in converted rice fields were further evaluated through pot experiments and high-throughput sequencing. Among 589 isolated bacterial strains, eight were screened out with robust PGP traits, including phosphate solubilization capacity (solubilization zone diameter: 11.74–24.82 mm), siderophore production (orange zone diameter: 8.28–10.57 mm), IAA synthesis (25.61–96.22 μg/mL) and nitrogen fixation capacity. In vivo pot assays showed that three elite strains (LA-B511, YH-S3, and LA-B111) significantly promoted rice seedling growth, leading to increases in seedling height by 25.28%, 24.90%, and 18.86%; root length by 16.81%, 13.82%, and 21.95%; seedling dry weight by 20.81%, 38.55%, and 33.78%; and root dry weight by 27.17%, 25.74%, and 50.84%, respectively. Morphological and molecular analyses identified these three strains as Enterobacter hormaechei and Yokenella regensburgei. After 35 days of inoculation, soil available phosphorus (AP) content increased by 27.00%, 25.99%, and 16.65% compared to the non-inoculated control. Additionally, soil microbial communities were significantly reshaped, driven by changes in soil organic matter (SOM), soil pH, iron (Fe) content, total phosphorus (TP) and available phosphorus (AP). Overall, our results demonstrated that the screened PGPB strains can effectively improve rice seedling growth and soil health in non-grain-converted cultivated lands, providing a promising microbial-based amendment for early-stage rice establishment and sustainable grain production potential in these specific marginal non-grain-converted cultivated lands.

Burkholderia glumae (B. glumae) and Burkholderia plantarii (B. plantarii) are primary causal agents of rice bacterial panicle blight (RBPB) and cause substantial yield losses in rice worldwide. Given their seed-borne transmission characteristics, quarantine status and destructive hazards, rapid, super-sensitive, highly specific on-site detection technologies are urgently needed. Here, using B. glumae Os48 and B. plantarii ZJ171 as immunogens, we prepared two highly specific and ultra-sensitive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against B. glumae (4A7 and 8C5) and two highly specific and ultra-sensitive mAbs against B. plantarii (12B5 and 14B3). We then developed dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (Dot-ELISA) and colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip (CGICS) assays for detecting B. glumae and B. plantarii with the prepared mAbs as the detection antibodies. These developed mAb-based serological techniques enabled the rapid, broad-spectrum, and specific detection of B. glumae and B. plantarii, respectively, and showed no cross-reaction with other control plant bacteria included in the analysis. Moreover, the detection limits of the Dot-ELISAs for B. glumae or B. plantarii were up to 1.96 × 104 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL, and CGICSs could detect B. glumae and B. plantarii at concentrations as low as 9.78 × 103 CFU/mL. Surprisingly, these two serological techniques are 2 8 times more sensitive than conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Collectively, the two newly developed serological techniques in this work provide two simple, rapid, broad-spectrum, highly specific, ultra-sensitive and on-site means to detect B. glumae and B. plantarii in rice grains and leaves, thereby offering reliable and practical tools for the detection and quarantine of these two RBPB pathogens.

INTRODUCTION:A recent study revealed a correlation between TB and cancer, with individuals with a history of TB or current symptoms having a greater likelihood of developing colorectal cancer. This study aimed to explore transcriptomics data to identify new potential common therapeutic targets for CRC and tuberculosis. METHODS:The GSE11199 dataset associated with TB and the GSE33113 dataset associated with CRC were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus. The study identified commonly upregulated genes via R language, built a protein‒protein interaction network, and visualized it via Cytoscape, Cytohubba, and MCODE, revealing the role of miRNAs and TFs in regulating hub genes. RESULTS:A total of 40 genes were found to be commonly upregulated, six of which were identified as hub genes, i.e., CXCL5, MMP3, MMP1, CXCL8, CXCL11, and SPP1. In addition, 58 miRNAs and 28 TFs were found to be associated with the hub genes. DISCUSSION:Our findings revealed that key genes associated with the tumor immune microenvironment such as CXCL5, an inflammatory chemokine; CXCL8, a neutrophil-attracting chemokine; CXCL11, which is chemotactic for activated T-cells; and SPP1, which promotes the recruitment of immune cells to the tumor microenvironment and is significantly linked with various miRNAs and transcription factors, could regulate the functions of these hub genes and contribute to the progression and pathology of CRC and TB. CONCLUSION:The identified genes hold strong potential to apprise the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and advance clinical applications for patients affected by both conditions.

ABSTRACT Climate change poses a major threat to global food security through extreme weather events, expanding pathogen ranges, and increased agrochemical dependency. This review highlights the emerging role of laser biotechnology as a sustainable and precise strategy to enhance crop resilience and productivity under climate stress. Laser‐based approaches integrate both low‐intensity photobiomodulation and high‐intensity precision systems to regulate plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. Low‐intensity lasers significantly enhance seed germination, nutrient uptake, photosynthetic efficiency, and antioxidant defense while modulating stress‐responsive genes and beneficial plant‐microbiome interactions. In contrast, high‐power laser systems provide chemical‐free alternatives for selective weed eradication and pest management, reducing dependency on conventional agrochemicals. Laser‐based sensing technology has also emerged enabling real‐time monitoring of crops and early stress detection, which supports precision agriculture and controlled environment agriculture, such as plant factories. Although laser technology has considerable and transformative potential in sustainable agriculture, challenges remain regarding safety regulations, economic feasibility, large‐scale implementation, and standardized irradiation parameters. Future work should involve validation in relation to growing crops in the field, exploring a wider range of combinations of wavelength and intensity with a variety of crops, and assessing the long‐term agronomic and ecological implications of laser application. Collectively, laser biotechnology is a novel approach to sustainable agriculture and provides an avenue for climate‐resilience food production while minimizing environmental impacts and improving food security globally.

Plant diseases pose a major threat to global food security by reducing crop productivity and increasing reliance on chemical pesticides. However, conventional agrochemicals often suffer from poor stability, low target specificity, rapid degradation, and environmental toxicity, highlighting the need for sustainable crop protection strategies. Natural polymeric nanotherapeutics have emerged as promising alternatives due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and structural versatility. This review summarizes recent advances in natural polymer-based engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) for plant disease management. Major classes of natural polymers, including polysaccharides (e.g., chitosan, alginate, cellulose, starch, pectin, and dextran), proteins, lipids, and lignin-derived materials, are discussed as versatile nanoplatforms for agrochemical delivery. These materials enable efficient encapsulation, improved stability, and controlled release of bioactive compounds. The review further highlights the antimicrobial mechanisms of polymeric nanotherapeutics, including reactive oxygen species generation, membrane disruption, and metabolic interference, as well as indirect effects through activation of plant immune responses such as induced systemic resistance and systemic acquired resistance. In addition, the uptake, translocation, and transformation of polymeric nanoparticles within plant systems are discussed to better understand their bioavailability and protective efficacy. Emerging innovations, including stimuli-responsive nanoformulations and artificial intelligence-assisted design, are also highlighted, offering promising opportunities for developing sustainable and precise crop protection technologies.

Introduction: Rice bacterial leaf blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is a highly destructive disease. Within the rice-Xoo pathosystem, Pantoea ananatis exhibits a dual role, functioning both as a pathogen and as a biocontrol agent, underscoring the need to clarify its speciffc functions for effective disease management. Methods: Isolated strains ZJU1-ZJU18 were identified using multi-locus sequence analysis, core-genome phylogenomic analysis, and average nucleotide identity. The population density of Xoo in rice leaves was determined by plate counting and qPCR to evaluate the inhibitory effect of P. ananatis on its growth. Results and discussion: The isolated strains ZJU1-ZJU18 were all identiffed as P. ananatis, and they exhibited plant growth-promoting traits, including phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and indole-3-acetic acid synthesis. Furthermore, strains ZJU1-ZJU18 did not induce rice bacterial leaf blight symptoms under the experimental conditions, with the lesion inhibition rate against this disease ranging from 95.14 to 97.92%. Mechanistic investigations revealed that P. ananatis suppressed Xoo via nutrient competition, dominating co-culture systems (>90% relative abundance) and reducing Xoo colonization on rice leaves by 96.78-99.00%. Xoo infection enhanced P. ananatis colonization, likely by modifying the leaf microenvironment. Furthermore, the results of species composition analysis showed that P. ananatis could alter the structure and diversity of the microbial community in rice leaves and reduce the abundance of Xanthomonas species. The principal coordinate analysis indicated that P. ananatis had a more signiffcant impact on the microbial community composition than Xoo. This study found that P. ananatis may inhibit the pathogen Xoo through nutrient competition and reshape the microbial structure at the community level.

Rice production is severely threatened by bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), posing a major challenge to global food security. This study investigates a sustainable strategy employing bioengineered sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) combined with berberine to develop B@S for BLB control in rice. Both SNPs and B@S exhibited spherical morphology, with particle sizes ranging from 29.03 to 47.11 nm and 37.96-52.70 nm, respectively. In vitro bactericidal assay demonstrated that B@S significantly inhibited Xoo growth by 82.69% at 200 mu g mL- 1 compared to untreated control. Moreover, B@S induced transcriptomic and metabolic changes in Xoo, including upregulation of stress response and virulence genes and downregulation of metabolic and nutrient transport genes, thereby disrupting critical physiological and biochemical processes. In vivo experiments showed that B@S treatment reduced invasive Xoo biomass by 36.56% and improved plant health and biomass relative to zinc-thiazole (ZnT) treated Xoo-infected plants. Furthermore, B@S enhanced host defense by upregulating antioxidant and defense-related genes such as OsAPX, OsSOD1, OsCATa, OsPOD, OsEDS1, OsNPR1, OsPR1, OsPR5 and OsPR10. Collectively, these findings highlight B@S as an eco-friendly and highly effective approach for controlling BLB, boosting plant resilience and reducing reliance on chemical pesticides.

Phage therapy is being used to combat pathogenic bacterial infections that threaten plant, animal, and human health. However, its application remains limited by high host specificity and the emergence of bacterial resistance. In this study, we addressed the key issues in phage therapy using rice bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) strain N1 and its lytic phage NP1. Strain N1 acquired resistance to the phage NP1 through mutations and downregulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis genes. A directed evolution assay using phage NP1 and the resistant strain N1R resulted in the development of phage E12-2, which overcame bacterial resistance, expanded its host range and improved bacterial suppression by targeting alternative LPS binding sites. Moreover, genome analysis identified two amino acid substitutions (V303L and G317V) in its tail fiber protein. Additionally, phage E12-2 improved disease control efficiency by 51 % compared to the wild-type phage NP1 and induced plant immunity in a plant disease model. These findings enhance our understanding of how bacteria-phage evolution shapes the dynamics of phage therapy in plants.

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plant-derived reducing and stabilizing agents offers an environmentally compatible alternative to chemical synthesis. However, developing multifunctional nano-enabled microbicides that are both effective and safe for crop systems remains a challenge. To provide a simple and sustainable approach for managing fruit crop diseases, this study utilized Coleus scutellarioides leaf extract to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and evaluated their antimicrobial activities against two major phytopathogens infecting herbaceous (tomato) and woody (bayberry) crops. The plant extract efficiently mediated the formation of uniform, spherical AgNPs with an average diameter of 36.4 nm, confirmed by spectroscopic and microscopic analyses. The nanoparticles significantly inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) by 66

Bacterial plant diseases remain a major constraint to global agriculture, threatening food security through yield losses, quality reduction, and increased production costs.

Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) suffers rapid postharvest softening and decay, limiting its economic value. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a promising natural preservative, yet its systems-level regulatory mechanisms in postharvest fruit remain unclear. Hence, we profiled time-resolved transcriptomes and physiological quality indices of blueberries treated with RA-loaded chitosan coatings (0, 25, 50, 75 mu M) across four storage stages (7, 14, 21, 28 d), with additional day-0 baselines, generating 63 RNA-seq libraries. RA significantly suppressed decay during later storage and was associated with transiently higher firmness at mid-storage (Day 21), although this difference was not sustained at the final time point. Transcriptomic analysis identified Day 14 as a critical regulatory turning point. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed a "dual accelerator-and-brake" strategy: RA activated vesicle transport while suppressing senescence-associated catabolism. Expression trend analysis further uncovered a regulatory inversion from early activation to mid-late repression: RA initially upregulated the wallstrengthening factor PMEI11 at 7 d to reinforce tissue integrity, and subsequently imposed threshold-dependent suppression on wall-loosening genes (e.g., CEL1, EXPA8) by 21 d. WGCNA additionally identified a firmnesscorrelated module containing redox (VcSODA), energy, and structural hubs regulated by key transcription factors (mTERF, Trihelix), forming a coordinated hub that sustains cellular energy-redox homeostasis and structural integrity. Collectively, RA preserves blueberries via a three-stage transcriptional program involving early stress priming, mid-storage metabolic rewiring, and late redox-energy homeostasis maintenance, providing systemslevel insights into natural fruit preservation.

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), remains a major threat to global rice production. In this study, we identified the novel small-molecule compound PK150 with potent antibacterial activity against Xoo. PK150 exhibits a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.15 μg/mL in vitro, and achieved 78% protective efficacy at 200 μg/mL in planta. Mechanistic studies revealed that PK150 targets menaquinone biosynthesis by binding to demethylmenaquinone methyltransferase (MenG), which is a key enzyme in this pathway. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis confirmed that PK150 binds to MenG, with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 6.42 × 10-5 M. The antibacterial effect of PK150 was markedly reduced by the addition of 100 μg/mL exogenous menaquinone-4 (MK-4) and overexpression of MenG. Moreover, molecular docking analysis identified ALA-73, THR-76, ASP-97, and ILE-98 as key residues involved in the PK150-MenG interaction, which was further validated by SPR assays showing loss of binding to a MenG mutant. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequence of MenG in Xoo showed significant evolutionary differences from those of other Gram-negative bacteria. These findings highlight PK150 as a promising candidate for the development of novel agrochemicals to manage BLB.

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon), poses a significant threat to watermelon production globally. Traditional control methods often rely on chemical fungicides, which pose environmental risks and limited long-term efficacy. This study introduces biogenically-synthesized manganese nanoparticles (MnNPs) as a potent antifungal agent for managing Fusarium wilt. MnNPs were synthesized extracellularly using the culture supernatant of Lysinibacillus sphaericus NOTE11, a Mn-resistant bacterial strain isolated and characterized in this study. Comprehensive physicochemical analyses confirmed their crystalline structure, spherical morphology, and elemental composition. MnNPs demonstrated potent antifungal activity, significantly inhibiting Fon growth, conidiation, and conidial germination in vitro, with 100 µg/mL MnNPs reducing hyphal growth by 21.97

IntroductionLand cultivation is the cornerstone of national food security. However, with the development of non-grain production on cultivated land, China has to use less cultivated land to feed a larger population of the world. To effectively resolve issues caused by non-grain production on cultivated land, Zhejiang Province has initiated efforts to restore non-grain-converted land back to grain cultivation. Whereas, the discovery and application of plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) can offer promising solutions to these challenges.MethodsPGPF was isolated and identified from soil converted from non-grain lands based on bioassays for plant growth promoting traits, and then their impacts on soil properties and microbial community structure were also investigated.ResultsIn this study, 15 fungal isolates from 108 soil samples were considered as potential PGPF due to their ability to solubilize phosphate (11.91 to 31.65 mm), produce both siderophores (17.09 to 24.66 mm) and indole-3-acetic acid (8.79 to 50.23 μg/mL or 36.72 to 96.50 μg/mL). Results of in vivo assays showed that isolates TL-B31f and FY-R41f could cause a great increase in plant height (15.30% and 13.84%), root length (33.62% and 43.31%), seedling fresh weight (78.58% and 89.77%) and dry weight (9.31% and 28.12%) of rice compared to the control. Based on morphological and molecular analyses, isolates TL-B31f and FY-R41f were identified as Aspergillus tubingensis and Talaromyces veerkampii, respectively. Furthermore, after 55 days of inoculation with the two isolates, the soil content of available phosphate was significantly increased by 42.52% and 48.51%, respectively, compared to the control. In addition, high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that compared with the control, the microbial community composition of the two isolates treatments was reconstructed by increasing or decreasing some specific microbes, while soil properties, such as pH, soil organic matter (SOM), total phosphorus (TP), and available phosphate (AP) might play important roles in modulating rice growth by influencing the composition of microbial communities.ConclusionsOverall, our findings highlight the potential of these isolates to be developed into novel biofertilizers for crop growth in non-grain lands.