Fluorinated organic compounds have been frequently detected in aquatic environments, with the widespread use of fluorinated drugs. The existing processes of urban sewage treatment plants are difficult to completely remove these pollutants containing the persistent C-F bonds. In this work, an integrated system of UV-activated sulfite and UV-assisted electrochemical oxidation was innovatively constructed for efficient degradation of fluoxetine. For the UV-activated sulfite unit system, when the sulfite dosage was 0.5 mmol/L and the initial pH was about 10, the defluorination efficiency of 5 mg/L fluoxetine wastewater under nitrogen atmosphere was about 98 %. Subsequently, the UV-assisted electrochemical oxidation unit system was employed to treat the reduced wastewater mentioned above. When the sodium chloride dosage was 25 mmol/L, the initial pH was about 5, and the current density was 30 mA/cm2, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal of the wastewater arrived at 65 %. Active species capture experiments and ESR tests confirmed that hydrated electrons, hydroxyl, and chlorine radicals were the main components for the efficient degradation of fluoxetine. According to the analysis of Fukui function and HPLC-MS, the degradation pathway of pollutants was proposed including defluorination and mineralization. Meanwhile, the toxicity of intermediates was predicted using the ECOSAR program. In addition, the verification test of actual wastewater treatment indicated that the defluorination and TOC removal efficiency of fluorouracil by the integrated system were similar to those for fluoxetine. This work provided a new approach for the efficient degradation of fluorinated organic pollutants in pharmaceutical wastewater.

The oil pollution in aquatic ecosystems poses a serious threat to public health and ecological balance. In addressing this challenge, this investigation employed bacterial cellulose (BC) as the matrix material, through strategic incorporation of chemical cross-linking agents (Butane tetracarboxylic acid and graphene oxide) combined with freeze-drying technology and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to fabricate cross-linked BC (CBC) aerogels. Subsequent hydrophobic modification via chemical vapor deposition was implemented to optimize surface properties. Key findings revealed that the cross-linked composite aerogel demonstrated a homogeneous 3D lamellar architecture with negligible crystal precipitation, manifesting remarkable structural stability (linear shrinkage rate 5.88%) and ultrahigh porosity (99.9%) accompanied by minimal average pore diameter (1.9 nm). Enhanced thermal stability was evidenced by increased mass residual rate from 15.9% to 41.5% at 600 °C. The material maintained superior compression resilience through 10 compression cycles at 50% strain, preserving structural integrity in aqueous environments. Optimal hydrophobicity (contact angle 152°) was achieved after 3.5 h of vapor deposition, while remarkable adsorption capacities for various oils were recorded (45-204 g/g). Notably, the composite exhibited outstanding reusability, retaining 85.2% of ethanol adsorption capacity after 20 extraction cycles, and preserving 76.7% of paraffin oil adsorption capacity. These results collectively demonstrate the broad application prospects of this bio-based oil-absorbing material in oil-water separation technologies.

The primary goal was to assess the connection between sarcopenic obesity (SO) and progression to advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Our analysis utilized data collected during the 2011 and 2015 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). CKM stages were identified based on the AHA criteria adapted for CHARLS. SO was defined with the concurrence of possible sarcopenia and obesity. The relationship between SO and advanced CKM stages was assessed using logistic regression models. In cross-sectional analysis of 8,448 participants, after accounting for potential confounders, individuals with SO showed significantly higher odds of advanced CKM syndrome (OR 1.51, 95

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction is a promising strategy for valorizing nitrate pollutants into valueadded ammonia (NH3) products. However, its efficiency is fundamentally constrained by adsorption-energy scaling relations among N-intermediates. To break these limitations, this study introduces asymmetrical Cu-Fe dual-site catalysts (CuFe-DSCs) supported on Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets to disentangle geometric and electronic effects and improve nitrate-to-ammonia conversion efficiency. Results reveal that Cu/Fe diatomic sites significantly enhance nitrate adsorption via switching from O-end-monodentate adsorption to favorable O-endbidentate bridging adsorption, while weakening *NO adsorption due to the downshifted d-band center. Enhanced electron localization in Cu 3d orbit and strong 3d-2p hybridization between Cu/Fe and *NO/*NHO further facilitate intermediate activation compared to the counterpart single-atom catalysts (Cu-SA and Fe-SA). This leads to a downshifted potential-determining step from *NO hydrogenation (for Fe-SA) and *NHO hydrogenation (for Cu-SA) to *NH2OH dehydration with a much smaller energy barrier. Moreover, the Cu-Fe synergy significantly improves *H utilization via accelerating H2O dissociation and suppressing *H dimerization. Consequently, CuFe-DSCs deliver the highest current efficiency, NH3 production rate, and catalytic kinetics. This work provides insights into disentangling the geometric and electronic effects to overcome scaling relations for the rational design of efficient catalysts.

The commercialization of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is impeded by sluggish mass transport, cathodic flooding, and methanol crossover, causing severe performance degradation. This study develops a dual-microporous layer (MPL) architecture composed of nitrogen-doped carbon microspheres (NCMS) and carbon black (CB) to enhance power output and durability. A hierarchical pore-size distribution and through-plane wettability gradient induce directional capillary pressure, decoupling gas-liquid two-phase transport. This accelerates anodic CO2 expulsion and cathodic water removal, mitigating flooding. Concurrently, the tortuous pore network suppresses methanol crossover by prolonging diffusion pathways. Electrochemical characterizations show that the Dual-MPL DMFC achieves a peak power density of 80.05 mW/cm2 with a 35.4% enhancement over the conventional single-layer baseline. Under accelerated stress tests, operational lifespan extends from 80 to 695 hours. By synergistically managing gas-liquid transport and fuel retention, this architecture provides a viable pathway toward durable, high power density DMFCs.

Struvite crystallization can recover both nitrogen and phosphorus, but its crystallization efficiency is guaranteed by excessive NH4+-N, which leads to residual NH4+-N in the wastewater. A crystallization coupled with membrane absorption system was constructed to recover PO43-P and NH4+-N in wastewater. For the wastewater containing the initial concentrations of 30 mg center dot L-1 PO43--P and 140 mg center dot L-1 NH4+-N, when the initial pH was adjusted to 9 and 0.8 g of activated serpentine (AS-150) was added, the recovery rate of PO43--P and NH4+-N by the coupling system was about 95 % and 75 %, respectively. XRD and FTIR analysis showed that the sample recovered from the precipitation chamber had significant structural characteristics of struvite. SEM analysis showed that the recovered struvite was irregularly granular. And the samples recovered from the membrane adsorption chamber were similarly analyzed to have significant ammonium sulfate structural features. In addition, when the coupling system was used in domestic wastewater containing PO43--P concentration of 25.4 mg center dot L-1 and NH4+-N concentration of 259 mg center dot L-1, the corresponding recovery rate was about 90 % and 75 %, respectively, indicating that the coupling system had potential engineering application.

The increasing prevalence of nitrogen (Nr) pollution in lake ecosystems is a growing global concern. Understanding the dynamics of Nr-cycling microbial communities in these environments is crucial for assessing how ecosystem processes and functions respond to trophic gradients. This study investigates the microbial Nr-metabolism in plateau lakes with varying trophic states across a broad geographical range. A detailed metagenomic study revealed that increasing trophic status index (TSI) reduced the α-diversity of Nr-cycling microbial communities, while TSI and altitude jointly shaped the β-diversity patterns. The Nr-cycling microorganisms predominantly belonged to the phylum Proteobacteria, with the most abundant functional genes associated with organic Nr degradation and synthesis, dissimilatory/assimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA and ANRA), and denitrification processes (DNiF). Key Nr functional genes exhibited differential enrichment across lakes, indicating changes in Nr-metabolism strategies along the trophic gradient. A total of 126 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) contributed to Nr-cycling, with the majority assigned to Proteobacteria (36) and Planctomycetes (25). Among these, MAG110 was enriched in eutrophic lakes and possessed near-complete DNiF and ANRA pathways, while MAG115, predominant in oligotrophic lakes, relied solely on ANRA. This functional divergence reflects trophic-specific ecological adaptations, that denitrification is favored in nutrient-rich, low-oxygen conditions and Nr- retention is prioritized under Nr-limited environments. Moreover, enzymes like nitronate monooxygenase (encoded by both genomes) and nitroalkane oxidase highlight a novel metabolic interaction between Nr-transformations and organic C1 compound oxidation in freshwater ecosystems. Overall, this study highlights the complex relationship among trophic status, microbial diversity, and Nr-metabolism in lake ecosystems.

Singlet oxygen (1O2) exhibits strong resistance to interference and high selectivity toward electron-rich pollutants, making it highly promising for practical wastewater treatment. However, it remains challenging to generate 1O2 from activated peracetic acid (PAA) selectively. Herein, a dual-site synergistic catalyst was constructed by anchoring zero-valent iron (Fe0) onto the residual carbon matrix of coal gasification slag (FJH-Fe/CGS-1600) via flash joule heating (FJH) induced transient thermal shock. Carbon vacancies act as electron traps to enhance PAA adsorption, while Fe0 efficiently activates PAA and optimize the reaction pathway spatially, thereby promoting the generation of 1O2. Consequently, the FJH-Fe/CGS-1600 achieved 95.7% degradation of bisphenol A within 60 min and demonstrated stable degradation performance across a wide pH range (5-8) and in chemical wastewater. Furthermore, it exhibited strong resistance to common anions found in chemical wastewater, high selectivity toward electron-rich pollutants, and extremely low metal leaching (< 0.1 mg L-1). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that carbon vacancies enhance the adsorption of the terminal oxygen in PAA (adsorption energy from -1.98 to -3.20 eV) and modulate the Fe 3d electronic structure. This research establishes a strategy for regulating non-radical species by utilizing joule heating to construct dual active sites, thereby providing a sustainable pathway for the co-treatment of coal-based solid waste and wastewater.

Electrochemical hydrodehalogenation (ECHD) offers a green route to remove refractory haloacetic acids (HAAs), yet conventional catalysts often fail to achieve effective dehalogenation, producing more toxic partially dehalogenated intermediates. Here, we report a synergistic ECHD process of Cu-O capture, Pd-X activation, and H* utilization on uniform bipolar sites Pdδ--Cuδ+ that enable efficient ECHD of HAAs. These bipolar sites, with a defined coordination environment and a precise 1:1 Pd:Cu atomic ratio, are periodically embedded within a three-layer ordered intermetallic single-atom alloy shell grown on a cubic Cu core. The well-defined motif provides an ideal platform for elucidating the structure-function relationship. Theory and experimental data reveal that the bipolar sites downshift the Pd d-band center, enhance Pd binding energy, and reduce the water-dissociation barrier relative to Cu and Pd nanocubes, thereby optimally balancing the kinetics and thermodynamics of dehalogenation and hydrogenation while mitigating Pd deactivation. The facilitated H* generation over these bipolar sites increases the availability of reactive H* species and markedly promotes effective ECHD. Consequently, Cu/B2 Pd1Cu exhibits the highest trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) degradation rate, acetic acid formation, and overall dechlorination ratio compared with Cu and Pd nanocubes. The TCAA degradation rate constant on Cu/B2 Pd1Cu is nearly twice that of Cu and Pd nanocubes, and the acetic acid yield (0.78 mg L-1) is 1.55 and 3.71 times higher, respectively. This study establishes ordered Pd1Cu intermetallic single-atom alloy layers with uniform bipolar sites as an effective platform for efficient ECHD of HAAs and provides a general design strategy for multifunctional electrocatalysts that couple substrate activation with efficient H* utilization.

The management of leachate concentrates from nanofiltration and reverse osmosis processes remains a critical bottleneck for membrane-based separation systems, due to their high concentrations of recalcitrant dissolved organic matter (DOM). In this study, hydrothermal treatment, with and without the addition of exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), was investigated as a post-treatment strategy for the purification of leachate concentrates and the mitigation of DOM recalcitrance. The results showed that hydrothermal treatment alone achieved a modest dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal of 43.8% and preferentially degraded non-aromatic fractions, but concurrently led to form new recalcitrant DOM. In contrast, the introduction of exogenous H2O2 significantly enhanced both the removal efficiency and degradation kinetics of DOM. Under optimal conditions, DOC and UV254 removals reached 69.9% and 92.6%, respectively, with over 90% of the DOC removal achieved within 1 h. Reactive species analysis confirmed hydroxyl radicals (center dot OH) as the dominant oxidizing agents during hydrothermal oxidation with H2O2. Molecular-level characterization using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) revealed that center dot OH-driven oxidation preferentially cleaved C-C, C-N, and C-S bonds, disrupted lignin/carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAMs), and produced low-molecular-weight, oxygen-rich compounds through decarboxylation and side-chain shortening. These molecular transformations resulted in a decrease in DOM aromaticity and structural complexity, indicating a substantial reduction of DOM recalcitrance in leachate concentrates. Overall, hydrothermal treatment combined with exogenous H2O2 provides an effective post-treatment approach for membrane leachate concentrates, contributing to enhanced purification performance and facilitating subsequent downstream treatment in membrane-based separation systems.

The simultaneous utilization of photogenerated electrons and holes in the coupled redox reactions of H2 production and selective biomass upgrading is a promising strategy to offer both economic and environmental benefits. Nevertheless, the method faces challenges of low H2 evolution efficiency and poor selectivity to biomass-derived chemicals. Herein, a supramolecular preorganisation-thermal polymerization-photo-assisted reduction strategy was designed to fabricate single palladium atom-engineered carbon-rich g-C3N4 (Pd1/BCNx) catalysts, and the interlayer Pd-N4 coordination configuration was confirmed for stabilizing the isolated Pd atoms. Under simulated sunlight irradiation, the optimized 0.39 %Pd1/BCN2 catalyst demonstrated superior performance in the co-generation of H2 and lactic acid by the substitution of monosaccharide (fructose or xylose) for traditional hole scavenger. In a dilute NaOH system (1 or 1.5 mol/L) and after 4 h light irradiation, the conversion of monosaccharide reached 100 %, the H2 evolution rate and selectivity to lactic acid approached 5.7 mechanism studies unveiled that the Pd1/BCNx catalysts with the accelerated photogenerated charge transfer dynamics and the maximum Pd atoms utilisation efficiency greatly facilitated the coupled redox reaction; moreover, the synergy of the as-generated reactive oxygen species (ROSs) and ROSs-induced xylose (or fructose)- based radical intermediates played a pivotal role on the production of LA with high activity and selectivity via a C-C bond cleavage pathway.

Considering the potential eutrophication risk of phosphonate and scarcity of phosphorus resources, the oxidation of organically-bound phosphorus to orthophosphate (ortho-P) is an important prerequisite for high-value phosphorus recovery. This study investigated efficiency and mechanism of different categories of phosphonates oxidation to ortho-P by classical Fenton and practical electrochlorination Fenton-like processes. The target phosphonates included two categories: nitrogen-free phosphonates (NF-PPs), i.e. 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4tricarboxylic acid (PBTC) and 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), and aminophosphonates (APPs), i.e. Nitrilotris(methylene phosphonic acid) (NTMP) and diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMP). The results showed that ortho-P conversion for both NF-PPs and A-PPs by classical Fenton process were below 35 %, even though the content of Fe(II) and H2O2 were high enough to neglect the influence of phosphonate-Fe(II) complexation on Fenton reaction initiation. While electrochlorination Fenton-like process greatly enhanced ortho-P conversion of HEDP, NTMP and DTPMP. Potent oxidation relied on generation of HClO, FeIVO2+, and 1O2 rather than HO center dot. In particular, PBTC failed to decompose effectively by electrochlorination Fenton-like process possibly due to chlorine resistance. The non-N-element group was inferred to serve as a decisive role in phosphonates decomposition. This study provided the first systematic description of oxidation rules and mechanism characteristics of diverse phosphonates under classical Fenton and electrochlorination Fenton-like treatment.

The widespread distribution and toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose significant environmental challenges for achieving sustainable development goals. Significant uncertainties exist in their emission sources driven by the complex social and economic activities. This study systematically quantified 16 priority PAHs in the aquatic environment of 10 key fishing ports around Hainan Island in China. The total PAH concentrations (∑16PAHs) were up to 3310 (mean: 569 ± 1050) ng L-1 in water and 3890 (mean: 1060 ± 1330) ng g-1 dry weight in sediment, respectively. A significant correlation was found between the concentrations of PAHs with fewer than 5 rings in water and dissolved oxygen. PAHs with 4 rings were predominant in all media, and they were used for source identification with diagnostic ratios. Results indicated small fishing boats as the primary emission source, and the emission pathways were delineated accordingly. The ecological risk assessment revealed that phenanthrene (Phe) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) posed potential chronic ecological risks, whereas anthracene (Ant) and pyrene (Pyr) presented potential acute ecological risks, varying by site. This study underscores the urgent need to ensure a balance between fishery activities and environmental sustainability.

Developing advanced materials with outstanding and feasible SO2 capture, storage, separation and regeneration performance remains very challenging. Herein, we report a robust granular MOF-808 metal-organic gels with ultra-high SO2 uptake capacity (15.7 mmol/g), and SO2/CO2 (83), SO2/CH4 (1056), SO2/CO (1918) and SO2/N2 (2915) ideal adsorbed solution theory selectivity at 298 K and 1 bar. To gain a deeper understanding of the adsorption mechanism of SO2, Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations are performed to study the adsorption density, adsorption heat, and isothermal adsorption of SO2, and the representative adsorption sites and binding energy between the G808-N-X framework and SO2 molecules are analyzed based on DFT calculations.

Al-substituted tobermorite (TOB) can be synthesized as a value-added product through hydrothermal treatment (HT) using incineration fly ash (IFA) with an exogenous additive. However, extreme conditions and low purity limit its further use. To solve these issues, we explored the potential of industrial SiO2 (i-SiO2) in synthesizing Al- substituted TOB using IFA from two megacities: Shanghai (IFA-H) and Shenzhen (IFA-Z). Results showed that vast majority of Ca, Si, and Al in IFA and i-SiO2 can be converted into Al-substituted TOB, allowing for targeted synthesis with low i-SiO2 mass. Besides, the experimental condition, e.g., 0.4 mol/L of NaOH concentration, 160 degrees C of reaction temperature, and 24 h of reaction time, appears to be milder than the previous relevant studies. Both Al-substituted TOBs had Cl-contents below 5.0 wt%, and total immobilization efficiencies for typical heavy metals exceeded 98.0 wt%. The cation exchange capacities (CECs) for Al-substituted TOBs from IFA-H and IFA-Z were 424.0 cmol/kg and 241.3 cmol/kg, respectively, comparable to commercial zeolite and indicating potential for high-quality use. The higher CEC of the Al-substituted TOB from IFA-H may be due to its higher Cl- content. The HT solution, rich in Cl-, can be reused. The HT process utilizing i-SiO2 can reduce economic cost by nearly half compared to current resource utilization approach. This study aims to enhance the resource utilization of IFA.

Nitrate (NO3-) pollution poses significant threats to water quality and the global nitrogen cycle. The electrochemical NO3- reduction reaction (NO3RR) emerges as a promising solution for NO3- removal and sustainable ammonia (NH3) production. However, it suffers from an insufficient atomic hydrogen (*H) supply and poor nitrite (NO2-) adsorption at low potentials, which results in restrained NO3--to-NH3 conversion and notorious NO2- accumulation. Herein, we propose a dipole strategy that utilizes coupled divergent dual centers (Pdδ--Cuδ+) in binder-free monolithic single-atom alloy electrodes (Pd1Cu) to overcome these challenges at ultralow potentials. In-situ experiments and theoretical simulations reveal that the polarized atomic Pdδ- dramatically enhances *H supply by facilitating water dissociation into *H, which then readily spills over to the adsorption-strengthened NO2- on adjacent Cuδ+, thus promoting rapid deep hydrodeoxygenation at ultralow potentials. Furthermore, the upshifted d-band center inhibits *H self-coupling and reduces the thermodynamic energy barrier for the *NO intermediate hydrogenation. Leveraging these advantages, the coupled Pdδ--Cuδ+ dipole achieved 100% NO3- removal, 100% NH3 selectivity, near-zero NO2- accumulation, 94.4% NH3 Faradaic efficiency, and an NH3 yield rate of 1.98 mM h-1 cm-2 at just -0.2 V vs RHE, outperforming the monometallic counterparts and reported advanced catalysts. The proposed metal-dipole strategy can provide a universal principle for the rational design of electrocatalysts to valorize pollutants into valuable ammonia products.

Chloride ion (Cl-) contributes to the chelated incineration fly ash (CIFA) destabilization, yet there is limited research available on the effect of exogenous Cl- corrosion. This study conducted 60-day column leaching experiments on fresh and aged CIFA (CIFA-F and CIFA-A), utilizing NaCl solutions at concentrations of 0 wt%, 1 wt%, and 3 wt%. It investigated the leaching behaviors of typical heavy metals (HMs) including lead, chromium, and nickel, associated with the leaching features like contents of calcium and dissolved organic matter (DOM), electrical conductivity, and pH. These leaching features were influenced by Cl- level through buffering and salting-out effects, indirectly affecting HM leaching. HM leaching followed a multi-step mechanism: Initially, HM leaching was primarily controlled by outer-sphere ion exchange and diffusion. As the process transitioned, the presence of Cl- hindered the incorporation of OH-, affecting the formation of secondary minerals like Ca2Al(OH)(6)(H2O)(2)Cl. This decreased the net charge and specific surface area, reducing CIFA adsorption capacities towards HMs and DOM. Eventually, large quantities of DOM reacted with HM forming non-adsorptive complexes or colloids. Compared to CIFA-F, the more porous structure in CIFA-A that resulted from carbonation may enhanced Cl- interaction with the internal composition, escalating HM long-term leaching risks. To predict future HM leaching behavior, five machine learning models based on the experimental results were constructed, moving beyond traditional decay models. The multi-output long short-term memory model showed best performance (R-2> 0.85, MAE < 5.00 %), confirming its superiority. This study offers microscopic insights into the mechanisms of Cl- corrosion causing CIFA destabilization and advances predictive approaches for HM leaching behaviors.

Carbocatalysis-mediated persulfate (PS) activation for micropollutant abatement has gained extensive attention, commonly concentrating on carbocatalysts surface chemistry but overlooking intrinsic characteristics, e.g., electron orbital and hybridization configurations. Herein, nanodiamond (ND) composed of sp3-hybridized carbon undergoes annealing processes from 300 to 1500 degrees C, to improve catalytic performances in PS activation significantly toward degrading bisphenol A (BPA), benefiting from ND hybridization transformation from sp3 to sp2 with increasing chemical and electrical activities via converting sigma to it electrons and delocalizing it electrons with increasing annealing temperature. NDs with sp3 hybridization activate PS to drive direct electron transfer pathways, serving as electron mediators to facilitate PS to deprive electrons from BPA. Localized and delocalized it electrons were responsible for the generation of reactive surface-bound complexes and singlet oxygen, respectively. The controllability of ND hybridization structure provides a feasible strategy to regulate PS activation pathways based on the reactivity affinity of reactive species toward micropollutants.

ZIF-8 has a wide range of potential applications, including gas adsorption and storage, molecular separation, chemical sensing, catalysis, and water purification, however, its low stability in acidic environments limits its practical application. Here, a fluorinated ZIF-8 at normal temperature and pressure was synthesized by using hybrid organic ligands, the obtained fluorinated ZIF-8 has high superhydrophobic and acid-resistant properties. A well-designed fluorinated ligand (FL) has trifluoromethyl, triazol and phenolic hydroxyl groups in the molecular structure, which are responsible for hydrophobic character, coordination site and further modifiable site, respectively. With increasing the hybrid ratio of FL, the water contact angle (WCA) of fluorinated ZIF-8 significantly increases. After further post-synthetic functionalization with heptafluorobutyric anhydride, the 20 mol% FL hybrid ZIF-8 (ZIF-8-20 %FL-7F) maintained its inherent high porosity and adsorption capacity, while exhibiting superhydrophobicity and acid resistance. It was loaded on a PP membrane to prepare a ZIF-8-20 %FL7F@PP composite membrane, which can steadily achieve high-efficiency oil-water separation under acidic conditions with pH 2. This work demonstrates a universal and promising strategy to enhance the availability of the framework material in extreme environments.