Purpose: To investigate the effect of Phellodendron chinense Schneid (PCS) extracts on carrageenan-induced chronic prostatitis in rats. Methods: Experimental chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP) was induced in rats by injecting carrageenan into prostatitis. Rats in treated groups were administered either PCS extract or positive control (cernilton) for 3 weeks while those in the control group received saline instead. After treatment, prostate index (PI) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of all rats were examined by ELISA. The degree of chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates, acinar changes and interstitial fibrosis were evaluated by histopathological examination. In addition, relative inflammatory factors, viz, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin1 beta (IL-1 beta), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PEG(2)), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) of prostate tissues of all the rats were measured by ELISA. Results: High-dose PCS (400 mg/kg) significantly decreased PI (1.0 +/- 0.1 mg/ml) relative to reference group (2.1 +/- 0.2, p < 0.01) while high-dose PCS (400 mg/kg) significantly decreased PSA level (154.2 +/- 14.3 pg/ml) relative to the reference group (312.5 +/- 20.5 pg/ml, p < 0.01). Morphometric analysis demonstrated the presence of chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates, and interstitial fibrosis decreased significantly compared to the reference group. Compared with reference group (165.4 +/- 14.2 pg/ml), TNF-alpha level in the prostate tissues of high-dose PCS group rats decreased (116.5 +/- 9.3) significantly (p < 0.01). Similarly, compared with reference group (176.1 +/- 12.1 pg/ml), IL-1 beta level of prostate tissues of high-dose PCS group rats decreased (97.6 +/- 11.3) significantly (p < 0.01). Conclusion: PCS extract has significant therapeutic effect on carrageenan-induced chronic prostatitis in rats.

Objective To investigate the expression change of endothelial nitric oxide synthase traffic inducer(NOSTRIN)in the cavernous tissues of diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction (DMED)rats.Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into Groups A(normal control,n=8)and B(DM group,n=12),the diabetic models were made by intraperitoneal injection of strepozocin ( STZ) .Eight weeks later ,the erectile function of the rats was assessed through measuring the mean arterial pressure (MAP)and intracavernous pressure(ICP).The expression changes of NOSTRIN and eNOS were detected in cavernous tissues by real time reverse transcription PCR ,Western blot and immunohistochemical staining .Results ICP of group B was significantly lower than that of group A ( P<0.01 ) .Compared with group A , the expression of NOSTRIN was markedly increased , the expression of eNOS significantly decreased ( P<0.01 ) .Conclusions The expression of NOSTRIN is increased and the expression of eNOS is decreased in the cavernous tissues of DMED rats .

OBJECTIVE:To observe the spermicidal effect of alcohol extracts from different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul in vitro.METHODS:Semen samples aseptically obtained by masturbation and prepared by density gradient centrifugation from 15 healthy men were incubated in the alcohol extracts from 9 different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul for 20 seconds, 2 minutes and 4 minutes. Then the motility and movement parameters of the sperm were detected by computer-assisted semen analysis, and the minimal effective concentrations of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts were determined.RESULTS:At the ratio of 3:1, the extract at 0.5 mg/ml significantly inhibited the sperm motility and other sperm movement parameters VCL, VSL, VAP, ALH, WOB and MAD, as compared with the control group. The minimal effective concentration of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts was 3.5 mg/ml at 3:1.CONCLUSION:The alcohol extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait and Chinese Bulbul at the ratio of 3:1 have the best spermicidal effect in vitro.

OBJECTIVE:To study the antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects of compound Kucen gel in vivo. METHODS:As antifertility experiment, we randomly divided 60 female SD rats into six groups of equal number: normal saline, blank gel, low-, medium- and high-dose compound Kucen gel (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 g/g), and positive control (4% nonoxynol gel) to receive intravaginal administration of 200 microl of respective agent, followed by copulation with male rats in a 1:1 ratio. At 12 days after successful mating, the female rats were dissected for calculation of the embryos and the rate of contraception. As an anti-inflammatory trial, we established a mouse model of inflammation by applying xylene to the pinna, and equally randomized 60 Kunming mice to six groups as in the former experiment. We determined the degrees and average rates of swelling inhibition in the left ear. RESULTS:High-dose compound Kucen gel achieved a fertility-inhibition rate of 100% in the female rats, the number of embryos significantly lower than in the normal saline group (0.00 +/- 0.00 vs 11.00 +/- 2. 00, P < 0.05), but with no statistically insignificant difference from that of the positive control (0.00 +/- 0.00, P > 0.05). High-dose compound Kucen gel also markedly suppressed swelling in the left ear of the mice, with an inhibition rate of 52.3%, the average swelling degree significantly lower than in the normal saline group (10.17 +/- 2.56 vs 21.32 +/- 3.17, P < 0.01), but not remarkably different from that of the positive control (8.53 +/- 1.89, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION:Compound Kucen gel, with its strong antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects, deserves further study and clinical application.

一、慢性盆腔疼痛的诊断与分类 慢性疼痛是指至少持续3个月的疼痛.它与中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)的改变有关,这些改变可能影响了机体对刺激的感受,导致机体产生痛觉异常(对非疼痛刺激感到疼痛)和痛觉过敏(对疼痛刺激感到超常的疼痛).盆腔肌群等一些核心肌群可能会出现痛觉过敏并伴随多个触发点,其他器官也可能会出现感觉敏感,如子宫变敏感会出现性交痛和痛经,结肠变敏感导致肠易激综合征等.