ZnO thin film was galvanostatically electrodeposited from an aqueous solution of Zn(NO3)2 on Cu substrate which was cathode.The results indicated that the structure and composition of the films were related with electrolyte concentration,solution temperature and dopants.And the effects of dopants on the optical property of ZnO thin films were discussed.Zn will deposite from Zn(NO3)2 at low electrolyte concentration or low solution temperature.When ZnO was doped,their grain sizes would be smaller than the undoped.The absorption edge of ZnO increased from 375 nm to 458 nm and the bandgap energy decreased correspondingly from 3.3 eV to 2.7 eV when it was doped with CuCl2.

TiO2 powders were prepared by TiCl4 with one-step vapor-hydrolysis method,which were well distributed on active carbon(AC).Then TiO2/AC as a catalyst was made up into air-electrodes and air-batteries.The discharge performances of the electrodes were tested through polarization curve method.The effects of the dosage of PTFE and acetylene black,calcining time,acid treatment and different sources of AC on the discharge performance of positive electrode were discussed.The results show that the discharge performance of air electrode is well when the dosage of PTFE and acetylene black are 5mL and 0.8g,calcining time is 30min,AC is treated by acid and the specific surface of AC is large.

The solution of silver nitrate was reduced to prepare nanosliver powders with Vc as reductant and PVP as dispersant.The effects of charging mode,dispersant dose,temperature and silver nitrate concentration on silver particle was discussed.The silver powders of the minimum average diameter,50 nm,were obtained by optimizing reaction conditions.

Fiber-like complex nickel oxalate was prepared by the reaction between oxalate and ammonia-nickel complex,and the reaction between nickel oxalate and ammonia,respectively.Results showed that fiber-like complex nickel oxalate from the second process crystallized well and dispersed uniformly by means of XRD and SEM.Fiber-like complex nickel oxalate was a complex of nickel oxalate and ammonia by chemical analysis and thermogravimetry.The reaction mechanisms for the two measures of preparation fiber-like complex nickel oxalate were discussed.The results showed that the second process had more advantage over the first one in the industrialized production.

TiO2,photoelectrocatalyst,is deposited on conductive glass through electrophoresis.It is discussed that phenol is degraded by TiO2 at different conditions.It shows that the decomposition ratio of phenol is the highest when the electrophoretic potential is 30 V,electrophoretic time is 5 min,anode potential is 0.5 V,pH is 5 and the concentration of H2O2 is 70 mg/L.

To investigate the effect of pH and CeO2 on ethanol electro-oxidation activity of Pt-based catalysts,Pt/CNTs and Pt/CeO2-CNTs were characterized by cyclic voltammetry(CV) sweeping in NaOH and H2SO4.The results showed that activity for Pt-based catalysts in NaOH was higher than that in H2SO4,and the activity for Pt/CeO2-CNTs was higher than that for Pt/CNTs.Since the tafel slopes of ethanol electro-oxidation on Pt-based catalysts were similar,it was deduced that the concentration of OHad,which influenced the exchange current density,determined the apparent activity.The lower onset potential for Pt-OH adsorption and ethanol electro-oxidation in NaOH than in H2SO4 supported the effects of OHad.Accelerated durability tests showed that CeO2 could improve the stabilities of Pt/CNTs.And Pt-based catalysts were more stable in H2SO4 than that in NaOH.

Fibrous nickel powder can be made through thermolysis of the fibrous complex nickel oxalate crystal. Two preparation processes of complex nickel oxalate: direct precipitation process and precipitation transfer process were compared. The results from XRD, SEM, IR and TG show that the crystal structure of complex nickel oxalate by the two processes is consistent, crystal is fibrous and contains ammonia and oxalic acid root. The preparation conditions of the complex nickel oxalate for precipitation transfer process: c(Ni 2+) of 0.4-0.6 mol·L -1, temperature of 70-80°C, pH of 8.0-8.9, c(Ni 2+):c(NH 4 +) =(1:4)-(1:3), the reaction time 30-40 min, additive of PVP0.2%-0.5%.

To quickly prepare Pt catalyst with high dispersion,Pt particles are formed by microwave-heating H2PtCl6 ethylene glycol solution and then absorbed onto the carbon nanotubes(CNTs) surface,resulting with Pt/CNTs catalyst series.The effect of NaOH on Pt particle size and dispersion on CNTs is investigated using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and the results show that NaOH helps to decrease Pt size and increase Pt stability of dispersion.The prepared Pt/CNTs are investigated in terms of methanol electro-oxidation catalysis using cyclic voltammetry(CV) scanning method,and the results indicate that Pt/CNTs can exhibit high catalytic activity for methanol electro-oxidation.

In(OH)3-coated ZnO was successfully prepared by direct precipitation technique.XRD and TEM test results revealed that In(OH)3 was coated on the surface of ZnO particle.The electrochemical performance of In(OH)3-coated ZnO was investigated by charge/discharge method,cyclic voltammogram and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.Compared with pure ZnO and ZnO intermingled with In(OH)3,In(OH)3-coated ZnO shows the largest discharge capacity,the lowest fading rate,the lowest charge plateau voltage and the most stable median discharge voltage.XRD test results show that the coated In(OH)3 on the surface of ZnO changes into In in the process of charge.

以亚铬酸盐氧化还原反应为基础建立了K2FeO4的滴定分析方法。对滴定分析条件进行了进一步的研究,结果表明,用氢氧根离子浓度为16～17mol/L的亚铬酸盐溶液测定高铁时,所取高铁样品的质量影响所测的高铁含量。

A new method was established to determine the iron in potassium ferrate(Ⅵ),and the mercuric chloric solution in the classical method was replaced with perchloric acid solution.Fe2+ was titrated with potassium dichromate standard solution.The method was applied to determine the iron of potassium ferrate(Ⅵ) with the relative standard deviations of 0.07%.The determination of potassium ferrate(Ⅵ)showed that consistent results were obtained by using chromite solutions with hydroxyl ion of 16～17 mol·L-1.The quality of potassium ferrate(Ⅵ) affected the determination results.

LiFePO_4 materials are prepared by hydrogenous reduction(a method of preparing LiFePO_4 material with prue H_2 gas as protective and reducing gas) with FePO_4·2H_2O.The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),cycle voltammetry(C-V) and electrochemical performance testing. The results show that materials with a single olivine structure,rules of the sample morphology and particle uniformity. It has a lower post-impedance,and higher initial discharge capacity after coated with carbon and magnesium-doped (LiFePO_4 125.09mA·h/g,LiFePO_4/C 139.17mA·h/g and LiMg_(0.01)Fe_(0.99) PO_4/C 146.97mA·h/g).

The recent progresses in the researches on ferrates(Ⅵ),such as its preparation,analysis and aplication,are reviewed with 37 references.

采用高温固相反应合成了具有二维层状结构的化合物LiNi0.8-xCo0.2AlxO2,用X-射线衍射、热重和模拟电池的充放电对所得样品的结构、热稳定性和电化学性能进行了测试.结果表明,通过湿法球磨混合和两阶段烧结可以在空气中合成结晶良好的六方单相晶体;用-βNiOOH作为镍源时产物更易生成;当铝添加量在0~10%（摩尔分数）之间时,A1含量对材料的热稳定性和放电电压的影响比较大,而对材料的放电容量影响不明显.

The development of the dry,wet and electrochemical methods of preparation of potassium ferrate is discussed and its applications of oxidant performance in water treatment and in organic synthesis are reviewed.The prospects of further researches on potassium ferrate are suggested as well.

以电解法制得的高纯度K2FeO4固体为正极,锌箔或铝箔为负极制成碱性实验电池.通过对Zn-K2FeO4和Al-K2FeO4电池在不同负载下的恒阻放电测试,研究了高铁酸钾电池的电化学性能.结果表明,Al-K2FeO4电池表现出比Zn-K2FeO4电池更为优越的放电性能.基于高铁酸钾在溶液里的不稳定性,提出用Al-K2FeO4电池做贮备电池,并研究其在不同负载、不同温度下的恒阻放电性能及电池的激活时间.

用粉末X衍射(XRD)方法研究了球型β-Ni(OH)2在不同苛性碱电解液中充电化成产物的结构变化.结果表明:在电解电流一定的情况下,控制电解液浓度可以控制化成产物的晶型.适量LiOH仅对提高充电效率有贡献,但它既不会阻止也不会促进γ-NiOOH相的生成.采用4.0～5.0 mol/L的KOH或NaOH溶液,再添加部分LiOH的混合苛性碱溶液作为化成电解液或电池电解液,既可以保证足够高的溶液电导及低温电导,又可以有效抑制γ-NiOOH相的生成.

High pure K_2FeO_4 was prepared by one-step electrolysis. The crystal structure and the morphology of K_2FeO_4 were examined by the single crystal XRD and SEM. Its decomposition process in 25 ℃~900 ℃ was probed in situ by the high temperature XRD.

Recent progresses of the research on Pd-composite membrane both domestic and overseas are reviewed. The preparation and performance of Pd-composite membrane, mechanism and influencing factors on preparing are focally discussed. Electroless plating with an osmosis technique will be the process with the bright future for Pd-composite membrane making.

Ferrate (Ⅵ) is generated by the electrochemical oxidation of porous magnetite electrodes, made by melting pure magnetite grain. Pretreatment of the anode by cathodic polarization is necessary for ferrate (Ⅵ) generation and the achievement of high current efficiency at magnetite electrode. An optimum synthesis electrolyte is observed to be 16 mol·L-1 NaOH. In this electrolyte the effects of anode current density, J, on Fe (Ⅵ) synthesis rate, current efficiency and internal cell temperature are studied. An optimum result is obtained at J=3.3 mA·cm-2, 30 ℃ in 16 mol·L-1 NaOH for 5 h.