Weapon target assignment（WTA） is a significant and challenging research topic in the field of command and control and mission planning, and it is also one of the basic research topics in the field of military operations. In recent decades, the weapon target assignment problem has been widely studied in different military operational fields including land, sea, air, space, and electromagnetic, and a large number of models and algorithms have been developed. The typical combat styles, modeling methods, solving algorithms and experiments for WTA are systematically investigated, and a comprehensive review is presented. The new challenges on WTA is analyzed, which are brought by the emerging technologies and operations on intelligent and unmanned systems, and the discussion on future research directions can provide a helpful reference for researchers in this field.

作战体系效能分析及关键目标选择排序是作战筹划决策的核心环节.考虑对抗性、不确定性以及动态性等因素,提出了体系效能分析以及关键目标选择决策框架,构建了效能分析、目标选择以及优化排序的模型,并给出了相应的求解步骤方法,可为指挥员准确快速评估敌方体系能力、选择打击关键目标提供理论和方法支持.

随着客户多样化需求不断提升,根据客户对订单的不同需求来组织生产的订单生产型(Make-To-Order,MTO)模式在企业生产活动中越来越重要.根据企业有限的生产能力和订单状态来确定是否接受到达的订单,对企业提高利润至关重要.在传统的订单接受问题基础上,提出了更完备的MT O企业订单接受问题的模型:在延期交货成本、拒绝成本、生产成本传统模型要素的基础上,进一步考虑了订单的库存成本、多种顾客优先级因素,并将最优订单接受决策问题建模为马尔可夫决策过程(Markov Decision Process,MDP).此外,由于经典的MDP求解方法依赖于对高维状态价值函数的求解和估计,其计算复杂性较高,为了降低复杂性,证明了经典的MDP问题中基于状态价值函数的最优策略可以等价地用基于后状态的价值函数进行定义和构造,将多维控制问题转化为一维控制问题.同时,为了解决连续状态空间问题,结合神经网络对后状态价值函数进行参数化标表征,解决了状态空间较大的问题.最后,通过仿真验证了所提出的订单接受策略模型和算法的适用性和优越性.

智能化和分布式是未来战争的主要方向,智能模型是实现分布式作战节点智能化的重要手段.战场环境下,敌方通信干扰、电磁压制等反制措施给作战节点智能模型演化带来了巨大挑战.为此,提出了一种面向分布式作战的智能模型持续演化架构,该架构可适应动态通信状况,自主选择有中心的分层联邦学习方法和完全分布式的gossip学习方法,并随战场环境变化进行动态切换.经验证,该架构可以适应不同通信状况,达到较好的智能模型演化效果.

针对电动汽车在市区配送中应用越来越广泛的现象,提出了混合充电策略支持下带时间窗的电动汽车路径规划问题.在充电站,电动汽车可以选择快速充电方式充满电池或充一部分必须的电量,也可以选择直接更换满电状态的电池,这种柔性的充电策略为电动汽车提供了更灵活的运作方式,降低配送的时间和成本.通过引入充电策略相关的决策变量,在车辆路径问题的基础上,建立了混合充电策略的电动汽车路径优化的非线性混合整数规划模型.设计了一种改进的蚁群算法,通过集成局部搜索算法,提高了问题求解的效率.最后通过三个具有不同客户点分布特征的实例验证了算法的有效性,并分析了混合充电策略的影响.

目的:观察脓毒症肺损伤大鼠肺组织精氨酸甲基转移酶-1(coac-tivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1,CARM-1)、核因子-kappa B(nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(high mobility group protein box-1,HMGB1)、血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)的水平,探讨雾化吸入灭活草分枝杆菌治疗脓毒症肺损伤机制.方法:选取48只清洁级健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成假手术组(Sham组)、脓毒症肺损伤组(CLP组)、草分枝杆菌F.U.36注射液雾化吸入治疗组(F.U.36组),每组16只,于术后24、48 h分别检测HMGB1、PCT浓度及免疫组织化学检测CARM-1、NF-κB表达,光镜观察肺组织病理变化.结果:CLP组术后48 h死亡2只,F.U.36组术后48 h死亡1只,Sham组无死亡;CLP、F.U.36组术后24、48 h时的PCT、HMGB1及CARM-1、NF-κB浓度均高于Sham组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);F.U.36组术后24、48 h时的PCT、HMGB1及CARM-1、NF-κB浓度均显著低于CLP组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);光镜下CLP组和F.U.36组可见肺损伤,CLP组较F.U.36组损伤明显.结论:雾化吸入灭活草分枝杆菌可降低脓毒症肺损伤时相关炎症因子水平,对肺有保护作用.

由于视距限制,对海上移动目标进行连续观测与定位探测难度较大.现有方法通过卫星和无人机等单平台对目标进行观测,不能解决面向海上移动目标连续观测的问题.针对当前单个平台的不足,本文构建了面向海上移动目标的空天协同连续观测模型,并提出了空天协同连续观测策略.空天协同连续观测策略抽取出卫星规划、无人机飞行计划、观测序列、区域预测以及路径规划等五个子问题,并对其进行建模求解.仿真实验表明,该方法大大降低了目标的平均观测周期,有效解决了海上移动目标连续观测问题.

空天协同对海上移动目标跟踪观测系统内部关系复杂、任务需求种类较多,利用基于可执行模型的系统工程对其进行体系结构建模研究,可以有效地实现从体系结构模型到仿真应用的综合集成.通过研究武器装备体系统一建模平台的理论,对空天协同对海上移动目标跟踪观测系统进行了建模,分析了空天协同对海观测流程的可靠性,并验证了其在系统建模与仿真中的有效性与实用性.

Cloud computing has shown to provide a cost-effective and powerful platform for big data processing.Under this paradigm,data manager (DM) usually rents geographically distributed datacenters to process their geographically dispersed data set,concerning its convenience and economy.Usually,the data sets are dynamically generated and the resource pricing varies over time,which make it a critical issue of cost effectiveness to move the data from different geographic locations to different datacenters while providing suitable computation resources for processing.In this paper,a pertinent joint stochastic optimization problem is firstly formulated,and then the problem is decoupled into two independent subproblems with efficient solutions via Lyapunov framework.Next,an online algorithm based on the solutions is developed.Theoretical analysis show that the proposed online algorithm can produce a solution which is arbitrarily close to the offline optimal solution while minimizing the data processing delays.Experiments on WorldCup98 and Youtube dataset validate the proposed algorithms and demonstrate the superiority of the new approach.

目前,节能已成为云数据中心的研究热点.建设节能的云数据中心不仅可以减少用电消耗,而且可以提高系统的可靠性.现有的云中心节能调度算法缺乏在任务调度级别的考虑,使得任务执行效果受到较大影响.为此,首先给出了一种基于滚动优化的实时任务调度器结构,然后详细分析和构建了任务能量消耗模型.在此基础上提出了一种实时非周期任务节能调度算法EARH(energy-aware scheduling algorithm).EARH采用的滚动优化策略能够被拓展并集成其他节能调度算法.此外,提出了资源动态增加与缩减策略,用于在系统可调度性与节能两方面进行权衡.最后,通过大量的模拟实验验证了EARH的性能.与其他3种基准算法相比,其实验结果表明,EARH的调度质量优于其他算法,可有效提高系统性能.

检察机关作为我国的监督机构有着自己特殊的地位，其提起民事诉讼不同于提起刑事诉讼，也不同于作为当事人的公民、法人为自身权益而提起的普通民事诉讼。文章针对检察机关在不同民事诉讼中的原告当事人、监诉人地位，以及作为监诉人在再审法庭中的职责问题进行探讨，以其进一步完善检察制度。

计算机支持的协作学习(CSCL)能够充分发挥计算机技术的优势,更好地促进协作学习的实现.协作学习包含社会感知、任务感知、概念感知、工作空间感知四种成分,其中任务感知直接影响着学习者的学习成绩.本文调查并分析了北京某高校本科生对网络平台中协作学习功能模块的使用情况,间接验证了“任务感知对协作学习效果起着重要作用”这一观点,并从任务感知理论出发,在现有网络平台设计的基础上,增加了创新性平台协同功能设计,旨在增强成员的任务感知度,从而提升CSCL的应用效果.

为了应对互联网环境的开放性和动态性,需要加强传统服务的自主性并对其服务态势状况进行有效监视和管理,从而为自主Web服务的灵活应用以及适应调整提供有效支持。在传统的SOA架构基础之上,对Web服务进行了自主化扩展,提出了自主Web服务的态势模型及其监视架构,设计和实现了相应的软件平台,并开展了案例分析来验证模型和实现技术的可行性。

With the fast process of Information-based war,there are more and more timeliness and unpredictability for Operation Requirement Demonstration of Weapon and Equipmen.The methods of Operation Requirement Demonstration of Weapon and Equipmen based on War Design Engineering is present,and also the logic flow framework is given.The main mission,the participant experts and the relationship of every phase are also discussed.

At present,the petitioners' aspirations are showing a trend of diversification and the procuratorial work of petition is also facing greater pressure. In the procuratorial work of petition,it can effectively improve the reception level of procuratorial organs' handling petition to resolve petitioners' all kinds of psychological crux and conflicts through psychological counseling,and guide the petitioners to face pressure,deal with problems,and adapt to their life in a right way and a good state of mind.

In the process of operation planning,the development of course of action is one of key steps. With consideration of conflict game,the execution time of action,this paper establishes a model of optimizing the execution time of action in sequential game based on the timed influence net and game theory,and offers a resolvent by translate this problem into the standard matrix game model. And a demonstration is given to illustrate the model and resolvent.

A new fast and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for smaditerpenic acids A and C in leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius using emodin as internal standard(IS).The calibration curves of smaditerpenic acids A and C were investigated with a good linear relationship within the rangs of 0.2-10.0 μg/mL(r≥0.999),and the recoveries(n=6) were 96.6% and 92.4% with RSD of 1.9% and 3.2%,respectively.The analytes were detected in negative ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring(MRM).The method was validated and the specificity,linearity,lower limit of quantitation(LLOQ),precision,accuracy,recoveries and stability were determined.

Submarine Bottom Terrain and Characteristics(SBTC) is the basic content of the visualization of marine environment.The 2D visualization of SBTC is lack of realism;while the 3D methods cannot effectively reflect the distribution of each bottom characteristic.In order to show more naturally and really SBTC,a method for SBTC of 3D visualization was proposed.Firstly,the method obtained the regional breakdown of Submarine Bottom Characteristics,and the texture transition zone between different regions was generated by the Polygon-Offset algorithm.Then the Multi-Texture was used to achieve a smooth transition between two different textures.The generated texture images could be used to build the texture image Pyramid modeling.Finally,the characteristics textures and the submarine bottom terrain model were drawn together to visualize SBTC.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method for SBTC of 3D visualization is more real and natural,and can show the distribution of different submarine bottom characteristics.

As the increase of the complexity of the information warfare,its intervention strategy needs to be designed in an integrated environment.However,the current research always breaks the internal relation between equipment and tactics,and it is difficult to meet the requirements of their integrated analysis.In this paper,the research status quo of the integrated analysis about equipment and tactics is discussed first,some shortages of the current methods are summarized then,and an evolvement mechanism of the integrated analysis for equipment and tactics is given finally.Based on these,a framework of integrated analysis is proposed.This method’s effectiveness is validated by an example.

For group experts' argumentation problem in war design engineering,according to argumentation's topic and goal,group experts' argumentation was divided into three kinds:information-seeking argumentation,inquiry argumentation,deliberation argumentation.Under this classification,this paper built an argumentation model for war design engineering.This model was to construct models for real-world practices of argumentation.It was convenient for experts to see argumentation process.Finally,the paper discussed the application of model in war design engineering.