本文以认知语法基线/阐释模型为框架,基于其结构、系统和功能的整合分析思路,探讨汉语类指“一量名”结构三种类型的语义构建机制.研究表明,“一量名”类指义的浮现以类指光杆名词为基线,经历了将光杆名词植入“一量”情境和转喻“例代类”两次连续阐释,并在虚拟现实内触发了表概括义的心理空间.与光杆名词相比,“一量名”表类指时更突显言听双方的互动.同位“一量名”结构的前件基线决定复合结构的指称性质,后件构成阐释并参与塑造话语语义.兼指“一量名”结构在篇章内同时关联先前特定实体和后续属性谓语,通过视窗之间对应组合触发其类指义.
概念转喻研究包含狭义的转喻本体观和广义的转喻性语法观.狭义观侧重探究不同语言层面的转喻运作及其概念理据,是主流的转喻研究范式;广义观基于认知语法的语义分析路径,指出形式与概念结构之间的转喻属性和语义不确定性,是语法本质层面的转喻研究.本文指出两类视角都是认知参照点模式的体现,转喻本体高度内在于转喻性语法之中;而后者寻求概念层面的整合以统一解释各类语言现象,并不局限于转喻本体,这并非过度概括或无视语用因素.狭义观侧重组合层面,广义观强调转喻属性在用法事件各类埋藏式关联中的聚合体现.本文对广义观的特定研究取向和方法论意义提出思考,认为转喻研究应寻求兼顾两种转喻观.
Francisco José Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez & Alicia Galera Masegosa,Cognitive modeling: A linguistic perspective. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins, 2014. Pp. x + 250. - Volume 55 Issue 2
百科知识语义观关照下,本文探讨了百科知识对转喻实现过程的影响与制约.研究发现,源概念百科描述的中心度是制约转喻实现的重要参数,而决定中心度的四要素进一步影响转喻的接受程度和目标义的创设;百科网提供了转喻运作的认知背景,其中相邻节点间的激活过程可表征为转喻.本研究体现出百科知识在转喻理解中的基础作用,丰富了转喻研究的视角.
文章以弗洛伊德精神分析学中对梦的解析为基础，对霍桑的短篇小说《小伙子布朗》中布朗的梦境进行研究，认为布朗的梦中之旅是其现实中邪恶愿望经过改装后的还原。在传统原罪观的主导下，欲望与道德、善良与邪恶的冲突依然在布朗的梦境中得到充分展现，这正反映出霍桑的黑暗世界使在这其中不断前行的黎明更加闪亮。
在《突显、激活与转喻的实现》一文中,李文浩和齐沪扬提出了认知突显是转喻的动因而非机制这一观点.该文认为,该观点忽略了转喻目标义突显的可能性,仅考虑到转喻来源义突显的情况,因而是不全面的;同时指出,转喻目标义突显也是成立的,目标义突显不仅作为转喻机制之主要表现形式,而且也是人们使用转喻这一认知手段的根本目的.来源义突显与目标义突显相辅相成,共同促进了转喻的实现.
转喻是认知语言学研究中的热点之一,其运作机制与“认知域”这一概念密不可分.基于认知域的转喻研究视角多元,包括上位域观、矩阵域观和域激活观等.近年来,语法转喻开始受到学界关注.转喻可为某些语法现象的成立提供认知动因,例如英语即时性动词表达延续性意义就是基于事件转喻的构式压制的结果.
Taking the theory of metaphtonymy proposed by Goossens as well as the illustration on the interaction between metaphor and metonymy raised by Ruiz de Mendoza and Velasco as the theoretic framework,specific cases representative of the idioms signifying the emotion of angerare analyzed. The results not only fully demonstrate the complexity of cognitive mechanisms underlying idioms,but also briefly describe and clearly reveal the patterns on how metaphor and metonymy work together.It further proves the fact that metaphor and metonymy,which are closely associated conceptually,altogether determine the way ordinary people think,and they are important components of conceptual system in people's head. Metonymy,which provides metaphor with cognitive motivation,is more fundamental than metaphor.
韩金广提出在某一语料中“吃公款”搭配的转喻理据是“以食物的来源转喻食物”。本文认为这一提法不正确并分析了原因，同时指出该例中“吃公款”成立的原因在于“吃”语义的转变，其认知理据是概念隐喻。
As one of the chief cognitive mechanisms,metonymy possesses the following important traits like contiguity,prominence and cognitive accessibility,etc,which provides the extension of lexical meanings with motivations.The lexical meanings usually include conceptual meanings,facets,as well as microsenses in which the former one is the existing meaning of the lexical items while the latter two are merely reflected in the contexts.Metonymy contributes to the meaning extension from the conceptual meanings respectively to the facets,microsenses,and other conceptual meanings.The illustration further proves that metonymy is essentially conceptual,and it is also viewed as one of the most fundamental processes of meaning extension.
