Rapid and accurate field testing for oxytetracycline (OTC) is crucial for ensuring food safety and monitoring environmental pollution. Herein, we report the construction of an aggregation-induced emission metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-mediated molecularly imprinted ratio metric fluorescent sensor (AIE/Eu@MIPs) for the rapid and selective detection of OTC with high sensitivity. AIE MOFs with ultra-high quantum yield were utilized as the blue fluorescence emission carriers, thus avoiding any compromise between convenience and cost-effectiveness. The detection sensitivity was significantly enhanced by modifying the fluorescence signals, driven by the combined effects of the inner filter effect (IFE) and antenna effect (AE). The detection limit was as low as 21 nM (about 9.67 μg/kg). More importantly, a portable optical sensing platform integrating AIE/Eu@MIPs was developed for visual detection of OTC. The developed probe and portable device-based sensing platform demonstrate considerable potential for on-site detection of OTC in real-world applications.

Photocatalytic degradation of pollutants was an attractive method to handle environmental pollution issues. Here Bi12O17Cl2 photocatalysts were synthesized facilely by hydrolyzed bismuth-based metal organic framework (Bi-MOFs) precursor and its thickness was adjusted by controlling the hydrolysis time. Under visible light irradiation, MOF-derived Bi12O17Cl2 materials fabricated by this strategy exhibited higher photocatalytic activity in degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) than the conventional Bi12O17Cl2 materials prepared by hydrothermal and chemical precipitation, which could reach up to 94.3% and 92.2% within 60 min under the optimal condition. The inhibition experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) confirmed that superoxide radicals (•O2−) was the main active species for photodegradation activity. Furthermore, the possible degradation pathways of BPA and TCH were proposed according to the detected intermediates by the LC-MS. At the same time, this method has been extended to synthesize Bi5O7I and Bi12O17Br2 materials, providing a novel strategy for the fabrication of bismuth-rich bismuth oxyhalides materials in environment treatment.

Constructing heterogeneous photocatalysts to enhance the visible light absorption and photo-generated charge carrier separation for efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water samples remained a significant challenge. An S-scheme BiOCl/ZnCrZr-layered bimetallic oxide (LBMO) heterojunction was constructed by depositing BiOCl nanoparticles on ZnCrZr-LBMO. The characterization of material samples were by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, FTIR, UV-Vis-DRS, transient photocurrent response, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic efficiency of BiOCl/ZnCrZr-LBMO heterojunction was obviously improved, about 3.95 and 1.68 folds higher than that of pristine BiOCl and ZnCrZr-LBMO, respectively. The fast separation and migration and the prolonged lifetime of photo-generated carriers in the BiOCl/ZnCrZr-LBMO heterojunction were validated by photoelectrochemical tests. The influence factors, versatility, and reusability of the heterojunction were also evaluated. Free radical scavenging test and ESR experiment revealed that & sdot;O2- and h+ active radicals were the dominant active radicals in the BPA degradation. Additionally, BPA degradation intermediates were detected by LC-MS, and the possible degradation pathway of BPA was deduced using density functional theory. This novel Sscheme model heterojunction was expected to provide new ideas for the study of the photocatalytic mechanism and the BPA removal.

The construction and application of novel highly efficient photocatalysts have been the focus in the field of environmental pollutant removal.In this work,a novel CuFe 2 O 4 /Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 photocatalysts were synthesized by simple hydrothermal and chemical precipitation method.The fabricated CuFe 2 O 4 /Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 composite exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity than pristine CuFe 2 O 4 and Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 in the removal of bisphenol A (BPA) under visible-light illumination,which ascribed to the intrinsic p-n junction of CuFe 2 O 4 and Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 .The photocatalytic degradation rate of BPA on CuFe 2 O 4 /Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 with an optimized CuFe 2 O 4 content (1.0 wt.%) reached 93.0%within 30 min.The capture experiments of active species confirmed that the hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O 2 - )played crucial roles in photocatalytic BPA degradation process.Furthermore,the possible degradation mechanism and pathways of BPA was proposed according to the detected intermediates in photocatalytic reaction process.

In this work, a novel dual Z-scheme Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/black phosphorus quantum dots (Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs) composites were fabricated and utilized towards photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under visible-light irradiation. Optimizing the content of g-C3N4 and BPQDs in Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs composites to a suitable mass ratio can enhance the visible-light harvesting capacity and increase the charge separation efficiency and the transfer rate of excited-state electrons and holes, resulting in much higher photocatalytic activity for BPA degradation (95.6%, at 20 mg/L in 120 min) than that of Bi2WO6 (63.7%), g-C3N4 (25.0%), BPQDs (8.5%), and Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 (79.6%), respectively. Radical trapping experiments indicated that photogenerated holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (•O2-) played crucial roles in photocatalytic BPA degradation. Further, the possible degradation pathway and photocatalytic mechanism was proposed by analyzing the BPA intermediates. This work also demonstrated that the Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs as effective photocatalysts was stable and have promising potential to remove environmental contaminants from real water samples.

Macroporous resin technology has unique advantages in the effective separation and purification of natural products. Nuezhenoside G13 has shown favorable potential in medical and pharmaceutical applications. The objective of this study was to develop an efficient strategy to prepare high purity of nuezhenoside G13 from Osmanthus fragrans fruit with macroporous resin coupling preparative liquid chromatography. Evaluation of adsorption and desorption abilities of nuezhenoside G13 on ten different microporous resins was compared. The anti-inflammatory activity of prepared nuezhenoside G13 was further measured in a Zebrafish model. Results showed that XAD-16 exhibited the highest adsorption and desorption capacities. The static adsorption isotherm parameters indicated favorable adsorption between XAD-16 and nuezhnoside G13. After XAD-16 resin enrich-ment, the content of nuezhenoside G13 from the original extract manifested 11.6-fold increase, from 5.13% to 59.56%. A higher purity of nuezhenoside G13 (>95%) product was further obtained by one step of preparative liquid chromatography. The in vivo data showed that nuezhenoside G13 remarkably inhibited the macrophages migration surrounding the neural mound region at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 & mu;g/mL in CuSO4-treated Zebrafish model and exerted obvious anti-inflammatory activity. These findings developed a useful method to prepare nuezhenoside G13 from O. fragrans fruits and provided a scientific basis for its further comprehensive utilization.

The grounded guard ring (GGR) is widely used to suppress the electromagnetic coupling (EMC) among adjacent inductors and reduce crosstalk with other components. However, the GGR will affect the performance of the inductor itself. To intuitively and deeply analyze the mechanism of the effects of GGR on the performance of inductors, an equivalent circuit model of inductors was adopted. Then, the substrate doping (SD) and EMC effects are introduced to characterize the mechanism of the GGR effects. To verify the correctness and rationality of the mechanism analysis, the inductors with and without GGR are taped-out using a standard 180-nm CMOS process. Then, the experimental results of the effects of GGR on the performance of inductors are presented. Furthermore, the equivalent model parameters are extracted based on measured S-parameters of two kinds of inductors. Finally, the experimental results are consistent with the mechanism analysis of the GGR effects, which has important guiding significance for the design of the subsequent GGR to improve the inductor and circuit performance.

To fabricate novel photocatalytic materials is critical to the removal of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants from water samples. However, the photocatalytic materials still face the challenges of degradation performance and reusability. Here, layered bimetallic oxide (LBMO) composites were constructed by using hydrothermal synthesis method of layered double hydroxides (LDH) as precursors, and the LBMO films were prepared by dispersing the LBMO composites in poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid) (PANCMA) solution. The obtained LBMO/PANCMA films exhibited high removal efficiency and good reusability for tetracycline (TC) degradation. Under the optimal conditions, the removal rate of LBMO/PANCMA composite film (20 mg) for TC (20 mu g/mL) was 99.34 % within 40 min of light exposure, and retain above 85 % of removal rate even after 10 consecutive uses. Moreover, the possible TC degradation pathways were deduced by analyzing the TC degradation intermediates with LC-MS method, and the toxicity evolution of the TC degradation products was appraised by using density functional theoretical (DFT) method. This study provides a simple and feasible synthesis strategy for membrane-based photocatalytical materials to remove environmental pollutions.

Solar light-driven photoelectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction and photocatalytic degradation of pollutants based on flower-like NV-g-C 3 N 5 @VS 2 heterojunctions.

The construction of multi-modal detection methods has attracted widespread attention in the field of biosensing due to their high sensitivity and strong anti-interference ability. In this manuscript, we developed colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescence dual-signal optical methods based on cerium-based nanoparticles (Ce NPs) for the sensitive detection of vitamin C (VC). The catalysis of Ce NPs with excellent peroxidase-like activity upon the reaction of H2O2 with OPD was occurred, promoting the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) to generate 2,3-diaminophennazine (OPDox) with an obvious absorption peak at 420 nm and an emission peak at 565 nm. In the presence of VC, VC not only inhibited the generation of OPDox, but also induced the formation of quinoxaline with an obvious absorption peak at 336 nm and an emission peak at 430 nm. This can be visually observed and monitored by measuring the absorbance of peak at 336 nm (A336) and the ratiometric fluorescence intensity (F430/F565). Therefore, the dual-signal methods are constructed for the detection of VC. The detection lower detection limits are 8.0 μM and 8.4 μM when using the fluorescence and colorimetric signals, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed methods are successfully applied to the detection of VC in practical samples with satisfactory results.

Electrospun g-C3N5/MIL-101(Fe)/poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid) nanofibers were fabricated for the highly efficient degradation of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants.

Vanadium carbide MXene (V2C) acts as a new type of two-dimensional (2D) graphene-like transition metal material that has attracted research interest. V2C has been widely used in various fields due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. Herein, the self-assembled V2C@gold nanoparticles (V2C@AuNPs) are prepared by water bath process at 80 °C. With the addition of glutathione (GSH), the absorbance (Abs.) at 550 nm of V2C@AuNPs was decreased. Therefore, an optical sensor is developed to detect GSH based on the properties of V2C@AuNPs. Under the optimal conditions, the detection range is 1–32 µM and the detection limit is 0.099 µM. Furthermore, the proposed GSH sensor exhibits high sensitivity, high selectivity, strong stability, and excellent recovery. The work will expand the application of V2C in biosensing.

Developing excellent photocatalysts for pollutant degradation is of vital significance but still a big challenge. In this work, the electrospun g-C3N4/Bi12O17Cl2/poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid) (E-spun g-C3N4/Bi12O17Cl2/PANCMA) nanofibers photocatalyst was fabricated by coaxial...

Rod-like graphite carbon nitride@MnO2 (R-g-C3N5@MnO2) heterostructure was prepared by in situ self-anchored growth of MnO2 nanosheet on the surface of R-g-C3N5. The synthesized R-g-C3N5@MnO2 heterostructure as photoactive material exhibited excellent photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance, and the prepared heterostructure-aptamer probe displayed sensitive PEC response to cTnI. Therefore, the PEC method was developed to detect cTnI based on the R-g-C3N5@MnO2 heterostructure. It was found that the linear response to cTnI was in the range 0.001–30 ng/mL under optimized conditions, and the detection limit of the proposed sensor was 0.3 pg/mL. The PEC method displays stable photocurrent response up to 8 cycles and exhibited outstanding selectivity and sensitivity. The PEC method was successfully applied to detect cTnI in serum samples. The recoveries of cTnI detection in serums reach 95.5–104

Carbon nitride materials have become one of the highly explored carbon-based nanomaterials due to their unique properties. Herein, the novel graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-C3N5-dots) were synthesized using an alkali-assisted hydrothermal method. The proposed strategy was simple, time-saving and the entire synthetic process only takes 60 min. And the prepared g-C3N5-dots showed excellent dispersion and good stability in water. What is more, the g-C3N5-dots displayed bright blue fluorescence with a high quantum yield of 12%. It was found that the g-C3N5-dots exhibited peroxidase-like activity, good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity and can be successfully applied in cell imaging. The proposed method opens a new and efficient way for the preparation of fluorescent g-C3N5-dots and facilitates g-C3N5-dots for bioimaging and related biological sensing applications.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of visual impairment in developed countries. Inflammation serves a critical role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Gardenia jasminoides is found in several regions of China and is traditionally used as an organic yellow dye but has also been widely used as a therapeutic agent in numerous diseases, including inflammation, depression, hepatic and vascular disorders, which may reflect the variability of functional compounds that are present in Gardenia jasminoides extracts (GJE). To investigate the therapeutic potential of GJE for AMD, ARPE-19 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS plus GJE. GJE significantly decreased LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. In the in vivo study, GJE inhibited CuSO4-induced migration of primitive macrophages to the lateral line in zebrafish embryos. GJE also attenuated expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), NFKB activating protein (nkap) and TLR4 in ARPE-19 cells. The results of the present study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potential of GJE in vitro and in vivo, and suggested GJE as a therapeutic candidate for AMD.

Background: Measuring medicinal compounds to evaluate their quality and efficacy has been recognized as a useful approach in treatment. Rhubarb anthraquinones compounds (mainly including aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion) are the main effective components in purgating drug. In the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the total anthraquinones content is designated as its quantitative quality and control index, while the content of each compound has not been specified. Methods: On the basis of forty rhubarb samples, the correlation models between the near infrared spectra and UPLC analysis data were constructed using support vector machine (SVM) and partial least square (PLS) methods, according to the Kennard and Stone algorithm for dividing the calibration/prediction datasets. Good models mean they have high correlation coefficients (R-2) and low root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) values. Results: The models constructed by SVM have much better performance than those by PLS methods. The SVM models have high R-2 of 0.8951, 0.9738, 0.9849, 0.9779, 0.9411, and 0.9862 that correspond to aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, physcion and total anthraquinones contents, respectively. The corresponding RMSEPs are 0.3592, 0.4182, 0.4508, 0.7121, 0.8365, and 1.7910, respectively. 75% of the predicted results have relative differences being lower than 10%. As for rhein and total anthraquinones, all of the predicted results have relative differences being lower than 10%. Conclusion: The non-linear models constructed by SVM showed good performances with predicted values close to the experimental values. This can perform the rapid determination of the main medicinal ingredients in rhubarb medicinal materials.

Bismuth oxybromide/molybdenum disulfide/graphene oxide (BiOBr/MoS2/GO) heterojunction composites were fabricated to modulate the adsorption ability and photocatalytic degradation performance toward oxytetracycline (OTC). The flowerlike BiOBr/MoS2/GO composites demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activies for the OTC degradation. Specifically, OTC, tetracycline, chlorotetracycline, and doxycycline were simultaneously removed with degradation rates higher than 98% under visible light irradiation within 40 min. Radical trapping experiments indicated that photogenerated holes (h(+)), hydroxyl radicals ((OH)-O-center dot), and superoxide radicals (O-center dot(2-)) played crucial roles in photocatalytic OTC degradation. Further, Possible transformation pathway and photocatalytic mechanism were proposed by investigating the intermediates in OTC degradation process.

The electrospun graphene oxide/MIL-101(Fe)/poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid) nanofibers (E-spun GO/MIL-101(Fe)/PANCMA NFs) were fabricated by a facile electrospinning method and used as integrated photocatalytic adsorbents (IPAs) to remove dye pollutant from water samples. Compared with E-spun GO/PANCMA and E-spun MIL-101(Fe)/PANCMA NFs, the fabricated E-spun GO/MIL-101(Fe)/ PANCMA NFs exhibited higher adsorption ability and excellent photocatalytic activity towards a model pollutant Rhodamine B (RhB). Under the optimized conditions, the as-prepared IPAs achieved almost complete adsorption of RhB within 15 min with the maximum adsorption capacity of 10.46 mg/g. Under visible-light irradiation, 93.7% of RhB in 20 mL water sample was degraded within 20 min, and the degradation kinetics of RhB fitted well with the first-order kinetic model. In addition, LC-MS analysis of the RhB degradation products confirmed the degradation pathways, and the generated center dot OH radicals played important roles in the degradation process. Importantly, the E-spun GO/ MIL-101(Fe)/PANCMA NFs exhibited good reusability and could be reused for consecutive 20 cycles, which make them promising candidate materials in the field of industrial applications and environ-mental remediation. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

In this work, a novel BiOCl/Cu-doped Bi2S3 photocatalyst was designed to efficiently remove ciprofloxacin (CIP) with high photocatalytical activity and good stability over a wide pH range. Compared with Cu-doped Bi2S3, Bi2S3, BiOCl, BiOCl/Bi2S3, and Cu-doped BiOCl, the photocatalytical degradation rate of CIP (97.1% at 20 mg/L) over BiOCl/Cu-doped Bi2S3 was enhanced by about 84.77, 44.23, 2.95, 2.27, and 1.96 times within 20 min, respectively. Notably, the BiOCl/Cu-doped Bi2S3 photocatalyst also displayed high photocatalytical performance in the degradation of other antibiotics including norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and tetracycline (40 mL, 20 mg/L; 88.3%, 100%, and 95.2% of degradation rate within 30 min, respectively) under visible light irradiation. Radical trapping experiments and electron spin resonance technique indicated that superoxide radicals (center dot O-2(-)) and photogenerated holes (h(+)) played crucial roles in the photocatalytic degradation of CIP. Finally, the possible CIP degradation pathways was proposed by detecting the CIP intermediates in photocatalytical reaction process.