In this paper, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were added into chitosan (CS) hydrogels in the form of chitosan modified CNTs (CS-CNTs) composites to prepare carbon nanotubes hydrogels (CNTs-GEL). The products, named CS-MWCNTs, were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Swelling properties and effect of pH on controlled release performance of the two kinds of hydrogels, CNTs- GEL and pure chitosan hydrogels without CNTs (GEL), were investigated respectively. The results showed that CNTs-GEL possess better controlled release performance than GEL. The releasing equilibrium time of CNTs-GEL was longer than that of GEL in both pH = w7.4 and pH=1.2 conditions, although the release ratios of the model drug are similar in the same pH buffer solutions. It is found that release kinetics is better fitted Ritger-Peppas empirical model indicating a fick-diffusion process in pH = 1.2, while in pH = 7.4 it was non-fick diffusion involving surface diffusion and corrosion diffusion processes.

Mesoporous Si-C-O fibers were fabricated by air activation of a kind of carbon-rich SiC-C fibers at 600 degrees C. The SiC-C fibers were prepared from the hybrid precursor of polycarbosilane and pitch through melt-spinning, air curing and pyrolysis in nitrogen. The carbon content of the SiC-C fibers was 54.4 wt%, and decreased to lower than 25 wt% after activation for more than 5 hours. Meanwhile, the surface area increased up to 260 m2/g, with a narrow mesopore size distribution mainly in the range of 2-5 nm. The SiC-phase derived from the polycarbosilane and the C-phase derived from the pitch form a bicontinuous interpenetrating network, which plays an important role for the narrow pore size distribution.

The paper discussed the laboratory and experimental teaching in the quality education's role and status.To enhance equipment management and utilization on the construction of laboratory was illustrated.To improving the quality experiment teaching,how to build up the lab teams,perfect teaching plan and innovate teaching methods and means were also discussed.Meanwhile,the paper introduced achievements on the construction of laboratory and the reform of chemistry experiment teaching.

顺应高校大类培养的教育新形势,根据地方高校大类培养模式的特点,结合长沙学院大类培养的要求,提出了应用化学专业人才培养方案设计的指导思想、基本原则以及课程体系的构架,为实施大类招生的地方高校人才培养方案修订提供借鉴和参考。

Principles of Chemical Industry,an important technology-based course,played as a bridge of the basic course and the specialized courses in Environmental Engineering.By combining many years of teaching practice and engineering practice,through optimization the two aspects of theory teaching and practical teaching,the teaching contents was more suitable for Environmental Engineering and met its needs.

Three dimensional carbon fiber reinforced silicon oxycarbide (3D Cf/Si-O-C) composites with low cost silicon resin as precursors and 3D Cf as reinforcement. Effects of adding SiC powder (SiCP) on the microstructure, mechanical properties and anti-oxidation properties of 3D Cf/Si-O-C composites were investigated. The results showed that adding SiCP filler could reduce the porosity and improve the interface bonding, therefore the properties of composites increased. But when the SiCP content was excessive, it was difficult to dense the matrix of composites at the further cycles and pores existed in the matrix. As a result, the mechanical properties of the composites decreased. It was found that when fabricated with 18.2 weight percent SiCP the composites exhibited highest mechanical properties, and the flexural strength and fracture toughness reached 421.3MPa and 13.0 MPa•m1/2, respectively. And the anti-oxidation properties were improved with the increase of the SiCP content. When fabricated with 25.0 weight percent SiCP the composites exhibited best oxidation resistance properties, and the composites retained 89.5% of original flexural strength.

Three Dimensional carbon fiber cloth reinforced silicon oxycarbide (3D C-f/Si-O-C) composites were fabricated with low cost silicon resin as precursors and 3D C-f as reinforcement. The effects of silicon resin content on the structure and properties of 3D C-f/Si-O-C composites were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of silicon resin content, the porosity of composites decreased and the flexural strength increased. It was found that fabricated with 54.5 wt% silicon resin, the composites exhibited optimum properties, and the flexural strength of the composites reached 360.6 MPa. With the further increase of the silicon resin content, the density of the composites increased, but the interface bonding was too dense and the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites decreased because of weakened the interface bonding.

Carbon fiber cloth reinforced silicon carbide (2D-Cf/SiC) composites were prepared through polycarbosilane(PCS) /divinylbenzene(DVB) pyrolysis with SiC as inactive filler. Effects of the molding pressure on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2D-Cf/SiC composites were investigated. With increasing molding pressure from 0MPa to 3MPa, the fiber volume fraction of the composites was increased. As a result, the strengths of the composites were enhanced. But when the molding pressure exceeded 3MPa, SiC particles would damage the carbon fibers seriously. Therefore, although the fiber fraction of the composites was increased further, the flexural strengths of the composites were decreased. It was found that the composites fabricated with the molding pressure of 3 MPa exhibited highest flexural strength, reached 319.4 MPa.

Two-dimensional carbon fiber cloth reinforced silicon carbide (2D C-f/SiC) composites were fabricated along the route of precursor infiltration and pyrolysis with 3k JC1(#) carbon fiber cloth as the reinforcement and polycarbosilane (PCS) as precursors. The effects of the matrix microstructure on the oxidation resistance of the composites were investigated. The results showed that the oxidation resistance were related to the contents of free carbon and pores in the matrix. The oxidation resistance of the 2D C-f/SiC composites was improved through reduction of the contents of free carbon and pores in the matrix. After oxidation in a muffle furnace at 1300 degrees C for 20 minutes, the 2D C-f/SiC composites exhibited good anti-oxidation properties, with the mass loss rate of only 2.2%, and the ratio of flexural strengths and fracture toughness reached 83.6% and 80.9% respectively.

Two-dimensional carbon fiber cloth reinforced silicon oxycarbide (2D-Cf/Si-O-C) composites were fabricated with silicone resin (SR) as precursors, ethanol as solvent and SiC as inert fillers by precursor infiltration pyrolysis (PIP). Effects of the pyrolysis temperatures in the first cycle and the last but third cycle on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2D-Cf/Si-O-C composites were investigated. The results showed that, when the pyrolysis temperature of the first cycle was 1200°C, 2D-Cf/Si-O-C composites exhibited good mechanical properties, which can be attributed to the better fiber/matrix interfacial bonding. When the pyrolysis temperature of the last but third cycle was 1400°C, the mechanical properties of 2D Cf/Si-O-C composites were further enhanced. The flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites reached 263.9MPa and 12.8 MPa·m1/2, respectively.

Two-dimensional carbon fiber cloth reinforced silicon carbide (2D C-f/SiC) composites were fabricated by hot-pressed assisted precursor pyrolysis and precursor infiltration and pyrolysis respectively, with 3k JC1# carbon fiber cloth as reinforcement, polycarbosilane (PCS) as precursors and SiC particles as inert fillers. The fibers in the composites fabricated by hot-pressed assisted process were damaged seriously with many pores in the matrix, and the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites were only 84.3MPa and 6.5MPa.m(1/2), respectively. The composites fabricated by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis exhibited much better interface bonding and little fiber damage, and the mechanical properties of the composites increased, with the flexural strength and fracture toughness reaching 321.6 MPa and 17.8 MPa.m(1/2), respectively.

Two-dimensional carbon fiber cloth reinforced silicon oxycarbide (21) C-f/Si-O-C) composites were fabricated with Silicone Resin (SR) as precursors, ethanol as solvent and SiC as inert fillers by precursor infiltration pyrolysis(PIP). The effects of SiC powder (SiCp) content on the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of 2D C-f/Si-O-C composites were investigated. The results showed that the composites exhibited the best mechanical properties when the weight ratio of SR/ethanol/SiCp was 3:1.2:1 in the slurry, and the 2 flexural strength and fracture toughness reached 249 MPa and 12.7 MPa center dot m(1/2), respectively. On the contrary, with the increase of the SiCp content, the oxidation resistance properties of the composites remarkably increased. When the principal material composition was SR: ethanol: SiCp=3:1.2:4(mass ratio), after heated at 1300 degrees C for 10min in static air, the reservation ratio of flexural strength and fracture strength were 76.3% and 83.9%, respectively.

The tensile properties of the 2D C-f/SiC composites were characterized by uniaxial tensile tests, and the tensile strength, modulus and fracture strain of the composites were 181.45 MPa, 64.95 GPa and 0.744%, respectively. The tensile damage evolution processes and failure mechanism of 2D C-f/Sic composites were studied by loading and unloading tensile tests, and the tensile stress-strain curves of the composites were simulated. The results showed that the tensile fracture of the composites consisted of four stages: linear elastic deformation, damage of the matrix, fracture of the fibers and the failure of the whole composites, and the simulated curves were very close to the experimental curves.

Based on the high temperature and short-term oxidation environments,2D Cf/SiC-Si composites were prepared by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis.Effects of the pyrolysis temperature at the first cycle and Si content on the mechanical properties and anti-oxidation properties were investigated.The results showed that 2D C/SiC-Si composites exhibited weak interface bonding and better mechanical properties when the pyrolysis temperature of the first cycle was 1200℃,and the flexural strength and fracture toughness reached 305.4MPa and 15.7MPa·m1/2,respectively.At the same time,with the increase of the Si content,the mechanical properties of the composites decreased slightly,while the anti-oxidation properties of the composites were remarkably improved.The better anti-oxidation properties of the composites were attributed to the decrease of the free carbon in the composites and Si could transfer to SiO2 at high temperature in air which could heal the crack and prevent the diffusion of the oxygen.

Carbon fiber cloth reinforced silicon oxycarbide(2D C_f/Si-O-C) composites were fabricated with cheap polysiloxane(PSO) and divinylbenzene(DVB) as precursors and carbon fiber cloth as reinforcements.The mechanical properties of 2D C_f/Si-O-C composites with polysiloxane as precursors were investigated and the difference of properties and cost between them and 2D C_f/SiC composites were also studied in the paper.The results show that the mechanical properties of 2D C_f/Si-O-C are decreased and the cost of them reduced greatly.The flexural strength,fracture toughness and shear strength reach 157.9MPa,8.4MPa·m~(1/2) and 23.4MPa respectively.Such mechanical properties can be reserved up to 1400℃.

L-(-)-Tartaric acids are intercalated into the layered double hydroxides(LDHs)by a new synthesis method,from which high crystallized supramolecular chrial materials are obtained and L-(-)-Tartaric acids are ordered between layers without carbon dioxides.The structures of supramolecular chrial materials are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction,FTIR spectra and thermal analysis and the structure models are given out.

采用脉冲电流和恒电流分别合成聚苯胺,通过循环伏安曲线和电镜扫描照片对它的电化学性质进行表征,脉冲电流合成聚苯胺的峰值电流比恒电流的高,其电化学活性更强.两种方法合成的膜结构不同,脉冲电流合成的聚苯胺是纳米纤维结构,恒电流合成的聚苯胺是颗粒结构.并且在硫酸、硝酸不同介质条件下的聚苯胺的扫描电镜图相似,均为纤维结构.

As a kind of functional polymer, Polyaniline has the special chemical, electrochemical and optical properties. So it has wide application such as batteries, electromagnetic wave shielding, electroluminescent etc. Development, structure synthetic methods and application of polyaniline were briefly reviewed.

应用计算机计算NaCl晶体的平均离子势能,通过数值拟合,得到平均离子势能与晶体大小关系的函数表达式,结果表明,NaCl晶体的平均离子势能随晶体增大而变低,晶体足够大时趋于恒定值1.74732496,此即NaCl的晶体NMadelung(马德隆)常数.

用灰色聚类分析对正交试验的16个贮氢电池性能、放电流量、循环寿命、大电流充放电、自放电等进行评定,按4个灰类归纳后判断聚类性能好坏,聚类结果与产品实际性能完全吻合.