Tomato Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), is a devastating disease that leads to yield losses of up to 67% in severely affected regions. Current control strategies, such as chemical treatments and resistant cultivars, face challenges including environmental toxicity and pathogen resistance. In this study, we isolated an endophytic fungus, Penicillium sp. JL76001 (JL76001), from the medicinal plant Asarum forbesii, which exhibited strong antagonism against FOL. Plate confrontation assays revealed a 40.48% inhibition of FOL growth, attributed to the secondary metabolite sclerotiorin (SCL). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SCL against FOL was determined to be 12.5 μg/mL. Microscopic observations revealed severe hyphal distortion and ultrastructural damage in the fungal cells. Proteomic analysis identified 354 differentially expressed proteins in FOL under SCL treatment, which disrupted cysteine metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and cell membrane integrity. In simulated field trials, the crude metabolite extract (CME) of JL76001 achieved a control efficacy of 55.17% against tomato Fusarium wilt. Furthermore, JL76001 demonstrated the capability to produce SCL using agricultural waste residues, suggesting a sustainable strategy for waste valorization. Our study presents JL76001 and SCL as promising biocontrol agents for the sustainable management of tomato Fusarium wilt.

Background Liver disease caused by excessive alcohol consumption is a serious threat to human health. Previous studies have shown that Callistephus chinensis flower (CCF) can ameliorate alcoholic liver disease (ALD), but its mechanism remains unreported. Methods The chemical composition of CCF was identified in vitro by employing ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (UPLC-FT-ICR-MS). C57BL/6J mice were divided into control, ethanol, CCF extract (100, 200, 400 mg/kg), and silymarin (100 mg/kg) groups. Hepatic pathology and lipid infiltration were assessed via H&E and Oil Red O staining. Commercial kits were used to measure TC, TG, AST, ALT, MDA, and GSH-Px levels. IHC was performed for PPARα, IL-1β, F4/80, and TLR4, while Western blot quantified AMPKα, p-AMPKα, PPARα, CPT1α, ACC, and p-ACC. Results LC-MS/MS preliminarily identified 23 major compounds, with flavonoids and phenolic acids being the predominant components in CCF extract. CCF administration upregulated p-AMPKα, PPARα, and CPT1α, and downregulated TLR4, p-NF-κB, and p-IκBα. It effectively reduced serum inflammatory factors, decreased lipid accumulation, promoted lipid metabolism, and alleviated liver injury by modulating AMPK and TLR4/NF-κB pathways. Conclusion This study is the first to demonstrate that CCF ameliorates ALD via AMPK and TLR4/NF-κB pathways, providing a potential candidate for ALD treatment.

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADEs) have emerged as green and sustainable options for the efficient extraction of bioactive components from natural plants. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of NADE-based microwave and ultrasound extraction techniques for sinomenine from Sinomenium acutum, screening nine different NADEs in the process. To optimize the extraction processes, a single-factor experiment was conducted alongside response surface methodology, utilizing a Box-Behnken design. An optimized high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was also developed to quantify the sinomenine content in various samples. The results revealed that chloride-lactic acid (ChCl-LA) was the most effective NADE for sinomenine extraction, with microwave extraction demonstrating superior efficiency compared to ultrasound extraction. For ultrasound extraction, the optimal parameters included a ChCl-LA ratio of 1:2, 30% of water content, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 1:20, an extraction time of 20 min, and an ultrasonic power of 240 W. In contrast, for microwave extraction, the optimal conditions were a ChCl-LA ratio of 2:1 with 57% of water content, an extraction time of 20 min, and a power level of 423.33 W. Under these conditions, the sinomenine content was found to be 16.03 mg/g for ultrasound extraction and 20.08 mg/g for microwave extraction, respectively. These findings provide a foundation for the further utilization of sinomenine from S. acutum .

In this work, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method was performed to obtain the total flavonoids (TF) from Aquilaria sinensis (A. sinensis) leaves, followed by optimization of the extraction factors by using a single-factor experiments combined with Box-Behnken response surface methodology to enhance the TF yield. Subsequently, the composition of the two representative flavonoids, mangiferin and genkwanin, were quantitatively determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, the antioxidant activity of the TF was evaluated using an H2O2-induced oxidative stress model in intestinal porcine epithelial cells-jejunum (IPEC-J2) cells. The results demonstrated that under the optimized UAE conditions (70 % of ethanol concentration, liquid-to-material ratio at 40:1, 45 min of ultrasonic time, and 400 w of ultrasonic extraction power), the extraction rate of the TF reached 5.73 %, which was significantly higher than that achieved by conventional extraction. The HPLC analysis of mangiferin and genkwanin revealed well linearity and stability, with their content level to be 16.9 and 0.204 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, the TF extract significantly alleviated H2O2-induced cell death in IPEC-J2 cells by inhibiting the NF-kB/NLRP3/IL-18 signaling pathway. This study provides valuable information for the development and utilization of TF from A. sinensis leaves as a functional ingredient in feed and nutritional health products.

Spongiactinospora rosea is a rare actinomycete derived from sponges belonging to the Streptosporangiaceae family. Genomic analysis of the strain S. rosea LHW63015 revealed that it contains 41 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), including four cryptic type II polyketide synthases (T2PKS) BGCs. By using a metabolite mining approach in conjunction with LC-MS guided isolation, we identified three previously undescribed sulfur-bridged angucycline dimers, namely spongisulfins A-C (1–3), a configurational isomeric new angucycline monomer, rubiginone A3 (4), as well as three known related analogs (5–7). Comprehensive analyses of 1D/2D NMR, HR-ESIMS, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ECD calculations were performed to elucidate their structures. Further sequence analyses of the chain length factors (CLF) protein and biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) identified the angucycline-type T2PKS BGC spo in the genome. Additionally, a dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced Drosophila melanogaster reporter line (gstd1-GFP) model was established to evaluate the gut epithelium protective activities of these isolated compounds. The results demonstrated that spongisulfin A (1), with a concentration of 5 nM, significantly alleviated the high mortality caused by 5 % DSS treatment, and exerted its gut protective activity by modulating the ROS level through alleviation the expression of gstd1 in the gut.

Balanophora dioica R.Br.ex Royle, belongs to the the Balanophoraceae family, has been documented as Chinese folk medicine in Lahu nationality in China for millennia. Myocardial injury is the main manifestation of cardiovascular disease. However, the role of Balanophora dioica ethanol extract (BDEE) in improving myocardial injury is unclear. The main purpose of this study is to clarify the pharmacological effect and molecular mechanisms of BDEE on myocardial injury. The major compounds of BDEE were analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC-FT-ICR-MS. The male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 10), the control group, the isoproterenol (ISO) model group, ISO + 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/d of BDEE groups, and the BDEE group (400 mg/kg/d). The heart weight/body weight was calculated, serum biochemistry markers CK, LDH, and myocardial enzyme indexes MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px were measured by corresponding kits. Heart tissue histopathology was detected by hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius Red staining. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to determine the protein expression associated with myocardial fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis. TUNEL staining was used to evaluate the apoptosis level. The results demonstrated that BDEE can restore cardiac morphology and serum biochemical level, and restrain ISO-induced myocardial fibrosis by regulating TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. Additionally, BDEE can reduce inflammation-related TLR4, MyD88, IRAK-1, TRAF-6, and NF-κB expression, and also inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3. The above results indicated that BDEE improved ISO-induced myocardial injury by regulating myocardial fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis, and it may be developed as a potential drug to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

Balanophora dioica R.Br.ex Royle, belongs to the the Balanophoraceae family, has been documented as Chinese folk medicine in Lahu nationality in China for millennia. Myocardial injury is the main manifestation of cardiovascular disease. However, the role of Balanophora dioica ethanol extract (BDEE) in improving myocardial injury is unclear. The main purpose of this study is to clarify the pharmacological effect and molecular mechanisms of BDEE on myocardial injury. The major compounds of BDEE were analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC-FTICR-MS. The male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 10), the control group, the isoproterenol (ISO) model group, ISO + 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/d of BDEE groups, and the BDEE group (400 mg/kg/d). The heart weight/body weight was calculated, serum biochemistry markers CK, LDH, and myocardial enzyme indexes MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px were measured by corresponding kits. Heart tissue histopathology was detected by hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius Red staining. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to determine the protein expression associated with myocardial fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis. TUNEL staining was used to evaluate the apoptosis level. The results demonstrated that BDEE can restore cardiac morphology and serum biochemical level, and restrain ISO-induced myocardial fibrosis by regulating TGF-beta 1/ Smad3 pathway. Additionally, BDEE can reduce inflammation-related TLR4, MyD88, IRAK-1, TRAF-6, and NF-kappa B expression, and also inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3. The above results indicated that BDEE improved ISO-induced myocardial injury by regulating myocardial fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis, and it may be developed as a potential drug to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Osmanthus fragrans fruit (OFF) exhibits hepatoprotective function, and it is consumed as food and used in traditional medicine in China. Nuezhenoside G13 (G13) is present in the highest levels in OFF. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a manifestation of liver disease and seriously endangers health. However, it remains unclear whether G13 affects AIH. AIM OF THE STUDY:To clarify the effect of G13 on AIH and its exact underlying mechanism from a new perspective. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We used a Concanavalin A-induced AIH mouse model and lipopolysaccharide-treated Raw264.7 cells to quantify serum biochemical indicators and confirm whether G13 exhibited protective effects in the AIH mice. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of G13 via hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction to quantify the inflammatory factors. We confirmed that G13 inhibited apoptosis via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. Molecular docking, immunofluorescence, and western blotting experiments of G13 and key proteins of the NF-κB/MAPK pathway revealed that G13 alleviated inflammation. In addition, Cell Counting Kit-8, ELISA, NO detection, and western blotting assays were performed. Finally, we used an inhibitor of the p38 MAPK to verify that G13 reduced inflammation through the NF-κB/MAPK pathway in Raw264.7 cells. RESULTS:The in vivo experiments revealed that G13 improved oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, G13 decreased the expression levels of CD4+, CD8+, F4/80+, and Ly6G and the secretion of inflammatory factors. Interestingly, G13 reduced the phosphorylation levels of IκBα, NF-κB, JNK, ERK1/2, and p38. Additionally, the in vitro experiments revealed that G13 alleviated inflammation through the NF-κB/MAPK pathway in lipopolysaccharide-treated Raw264.7 cells. Furthermore, molecular docking demonstrated that the binding fraction of G13 with these proteins was high. CONCLUSION:G13 suppressed oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in a Concanavalin A-induced AIH mouse model. Furthermore, G13 exerted its effect through the NF-κB/MAPK pathway.

Macroporous resin technology has unique advantages in the effective separation and purification of natural products. Nuezhenoside G13 has shown favorable potential in medical and pharmaceutical applications. The objective of this study was to develop an efficient strategy to prepare high purity of nuezhenoside G13 from Osmanthus fragrans fruit with macroporous resin coupling preparative liquid chromatography. Evaluation of adsorption and desorption abilities of nuezhenoside G13 on ten different microporous resins was compared. The anti-inflammatory activity of prepared nuezhenoside G13 was further measured in a Zebrafish model. Results showed that XAD-16 exhibited the highest adsorption and desorption capacities. The static adsorption isotherm parameters indicated favorable adsorption between XAD-16 and nuezhnoside G13. After XAD-16 resin enrich-ment, the content of nuezhenoside G13 from the original extract manifested 11.6-fold increase, from 5.13% to 59.56%. A higher purity of nuezhenoside G13 (>95%) product was further obtained by one step of preparative liquid chromatography. The in vivo data showed that nuezhenoside G13 remarkably inhibited the macrophages migration surrounding the neural mound region at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 & mu;g/mL in CuSO4-treated Zebrafish model and exerted obvious anti-inflammatory activity. These findings developed a useful method to prepare nuezhenoside G13 from O. fragrans fruits and provided a scientific basis for its further comprehensive utilization.

Background The fruits of Gardenia are rich in flavonoids and geniposides, which have various pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome and metabolome of gardenia peel and kernel at different growth stages, revealed the regulatory network related to flavonoid synthesis, and identified the key regulatory genes.Results The results showed that in terms of flavonoid metabolic pathways, gardenia fruits mainly synthesized cinnamic acid through the phenylpropanoid pathway, and then synthesized flavonoids through the action of catalytic enzymes such as 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase and flavanol synthase, respectively. In addition, we found that the metabolomics data showed a certain spatial and temporal pattern in the expression of genes related to the flavonoid metabolism pathway and the relative content of metabolites, which was related to the development and ripening process of the fruit.Conclusions In summary, this study successfully screened out the key genes related to the biosynthesis metabolism of flavonoids in gardenia through the joint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome. This is of certain significance to the in-depth study of the formation mechanism of gardenia efficacy components and the improvement of quality.

In this present paper, the optimization of microwave extraction (ME) of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino was performed using the single factor design and response surface methodology. The ME extraction yield along with the contents of three major components of C. appendiculata Makino, including militarine, dactylorhin A, and colchicine was selected as the comprehensive indicators to evaluate the extraction process. Subsequently, the HPLC fingerprint of the above three components from 13 batches of C. appendiculata Makino was investigated. Finally, the anti-fungal activity of C. appendiculata Makino extract was evaluated by conducting a disk-diffusion method. The results demonstrated that the optimal ME technologies of C. appendiculata Makino were the ethanol concentration of 55%, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g/mL, and the extraction time of 17 min. Under the above conditions, the extract yield was 12.83%. HPLC fingerprint analysis results showed that the contents of three major components displayed a consistent trend in all 13 tested samples. Militarine was found existed in 13 batches of C. appendiculata Makino, while dactylorhin A and colchicine were not detected in one sample. The results indicated a content difference in three active ingredients in C. appendiculata Makino from different areas. The anti-phytopathogenic activity results showed that the C. appendiculata Makino extract did not shown inhibitory activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phytophthora capsica, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Xanthomnas oryzae, and Fusarium graminearum with their inhibition zones were less than 6 mm. However, the C. appendiculata Makino extract exhibited inhibitory activity toward to Ralstonia solanacearum with the diameter of the inhibition zone was 8.5 mm, showed antibacterial selectivity. In this study, the optimal ME technologies of C. appendiculata Makino was determined, and the established method the contents of three major components of C. appendiculata Makino was stable and feasible.These results can provide the basis for the quality control and comprehen-sive utilization of C. appendiculata Makinos.

Three new merosesquiterpenoids, 24-methylsulfinyllancoquinone B (1), pelorol A (2), and epi-langconol A (3), along with eight known related analogues, were isolated from a marine sponge Spongia pertusa Esper. The compounds were completely characterized by NMR spectroscopy and HRESIMS. Compound 1 had a friedo-drimane sesquiterpenoid skeleton bearing a rare 3-(methylsulfinyl)propan-1-amine func-tionality, whereas 2 and 3 were members of the drimane-type sesquiterpenoid derivatives. Compounds 1, 4, 6, 7, and 8 exhibited moderate antifungal activity against three human pathogens, namely, Candida albicans, Trichophyton mentaqrophytes, and Trichophyton rubrum, with MIC50 values ranging from 12.5 to 50 lg/mL. (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of visual impairment in developed countries. Inflammation serves a critical role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Gardenia jasminoides is found in several regions of China and is traditionally used as an organic yellow dye but has also been widely used as a therapeutic agent in numerous diseases, including inflammation, depression, hepatic and vascular disorders, which may reflect the variability of functional compounds that are present in Gardenia jasminoides extracts (GJE). To investigate the therapeutic potential of GJE for AMD, ARPE-19 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS plus GJE. GJE significantly decreased LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. In the in vivo study, GJE inhibited CuSO4-induced migration of primitive macrophages to the lateral line in zebrafish embryos. GJE also attenuated expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), NFKB activating protein (nkap) and TLR4 in ARPE-19 cells. The results of the present study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potential of GJE in vitro and in vivo, and suggested GJE as a therapeutic candidate for AMD.

Two new norterpenes dicarperoxides M and N and one new polyketide diacarnustin C were isolated from the marine sponge Diacarnus megaspinorhabdosa. Detailed spectroscopic analysis guided the elucidation of their structure. Structurally, dicarperoxides M and N incorporate a typical norterpene cyclic peroxide core, while diacarnustin C is noteworthy in that it contains an alpha, beta-unsaturated ester unit linked to a furan ring. Dicarperoxides M and N displayed moderate cytotoxicity against THP-1 (IC50 values of 15.3 and 20.6 mu M, respectively) and u937 cells (IC50 values of 13.4 and 25.7 mu M, respectively). (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In this work, optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of Osmanthus fragrans (OF) fruit oils from four representative species of OF groups was firstly performed. A Box-Behnken design was applied to investigate and optimize the process variables. Among them, the specie of OF var. latifolius Makino (OFL) had the highest oil yield (18.53 %) by UAE under the optimal conditions with an ultrasound extraction time of 33 min, ultrasound temperature of 52 degrees C and liquid-to-solid ratio of 12 mL/g. Furthermore, the fatty acid composition, physicochemical characteristics, and antioxidant activity of OFL fruit oil extracts obtained through UAE and Soxhelet extraction (SE) were determined and compared. The results demonstrated that the oil yield and fatty acid composition between UAE and SE were similar, while the oil obtained by UAE displayed superior physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity. These findings suggest that UAE represents an effective method for OF fruit oil extraction.

Two novel Rhodococcus strains, LHW50502T and LHW51113T, were isolated from marine sponges obtained on Xisha Island, Hainan Province, PR China. Rods and cocci, typical characteristics of the genus Rhodococcus, were observed. The strains contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall hydrolysates and galactose, arabinose, ribose and glucose as the whole-cell sugars. The major fatty acid identified was C16 : 0. MK-8(H4) was the predominat menaquinone of both strains. Stains LHW50502T and LHW51113T had almost identical (99.6 %) 16S rRNA gene sequences but shared relatively low similarities with previously characterized Rhodococcus species (well below 98.7 %). The results of phylogenetic analysis supported their closest relationship; however, the average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between these two strains indicated that they belonged to distinct species. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that strains LHW50502T and LHW51113T represent two novel species of the genus Rhodococcus, for which the names Rhodococcus spongiicola sp. nov. (type strain LHW50502T=DSM 106291T=CCTCC AA 2018033T) and Rhodococcus xishaensis sp. nov. (type strain LHW51113T=DSM 106204T=CCTCC AA 2018034T) are proposed.

In this study, we applied the Flash extraction (FE) for the first time to the extraction of active ingredients of Sidahuaiyao (including Rehmanniae Radix, Achyranthes Bidentatae Radix, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, and Chrysanthemi Flos), and the content of active ingredients (catalpinoside, ecdysterone, chlorogenic acid and diosgenin) was determined by HPLC, and compared with Soxhlet extraction (SE) and ultrasonic extraction (UE). The results show that under the same solvent ratio, FE is used to extract the largest amount of different active ingredients. Compared with SE and UE, the extraction amount increases by 20.8% -92%. It is demonstrated for the first time that using FE to extract the active ingredients from Sidahuaiyao produced the highest extraction efficiency. In addition, we evaluated the anticancer activities of the main components. Three cancer cells and one normal cells were used to detect the anti-proliferative activity by MTT assay. The results showed that diosgenin had the strongest inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells with IC50 value of 19.28±0.36μM. In short, we optimized the extraction process of Sidahuaiyao, and evaluated the anti-cancer activity of the main components, which provided a scientific theoretical basis for the application of Sidahuaiyao.

目的 建立桂花Osmanthus fragrans果实HPLC指纹图谱及9种化学成分的含量测定方法,为桂花果实的质量控制提供科学依据.方法 采用YMC-Pack ODS-A色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(含0.1％磷酸)溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,进样量10μL,检测波长210 nm,对不同产地桂花果实样品进样分析;采用国家药典委员会"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统"(2012版),建立桂花果实的指纹图谱,同时测定其中9种化学成分含量.结果 对不同产地20批桂花果实样品进行指纹图谱研究,共标定了24个峰,指认出其中9个色谱峰.含量测定结果表明,女贞苷G13、特女贞苷、新女贞苷及红景天苷为桂花果实中主要化学成分.经方法学考察,测定方法的精密度和重复性良好,样品在24h内稳定;红景天苷、毛蕊花糖苷、新女贞苷、特女贞苷、异麦角甾苷、女贞苷G13、槲皮素、芹菜素、山柰酚在一定质量浓度范围内线性良好,加样回收率均在95％～105％.结论 建立的桂花果实HPLC指纹图谱及9种化学成分的含量分析方法稳定、可靠,可为桂花果实的质量控制及综合开发提供参考.

In this study, simultaneous optimization of ultrasound-assistant extraction (UAE) of four representative groups of Osmanthus fragrans (OF) fruit was firstly performed using the response surface methodology (RSM). Subsequently, qualitative and quantitative analysis of irioid glycosides from the optimized OF fruit extract was performed using UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS. A total of 13 irioid glycosides were tentatively identified, of which six compounds were identified for the first time. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity of the optimized OF var. aurantiacus Makino (OFA) fruit extract was evaluated based on a CuSO4-induced zebra fish model. The biological results demonstrated that OFA fruit extract at a concentration of 5 μg/mL could significantly reduce the number of macrophages, but no significant activities were observed at high concentrations (10 and 50 μg/mL). These results suggest that OF fruit has the promise as a functional additive in food for health promotion.

目的 对扼子GardeniajasminoidesEllis枝7种成分进行LC-MS分析及HPLC-DAD测定.方法 采用LC-MS法开展梔子枝的化学成分定性分析,建立HPLC-DAD法同时测定栀子枝中去乙酰基车叶草苷酸、京尼平苷酸、竹节参皂苷Ia、京尼平龙胆双糖苷、栀子苷、去甲基川陈皮素、栎精-3,7,3',4'-四甲醚的含量.结果 从梔子枝中定性分析了30种化学成分,包括黄酮类、萜类、有机酸等多种结构类型.在优化的色谱条件下,7种成分线性关系良好.其中,去乙酰基车叶草苷酸和竹节参皂苷Ⅳa是栀子枝中最主要的环烯醚萜及三萜成分,含量分别为2.140、3.575 mg/g.结论 该方法准确稳定,重复性好,可用于梔子的质量控制.