Introdução: Os bacilos gram-negativos representam uma parcela menor do total de agentes isolados nas espondilodiscites, e estas são patologias pouco frequentes em indivíduos jovens sem fatores de risco significativos. Os autores apresentam o caso de uma espondilodiscite complicada por um abcesso do psoas a Citrobacter koseri numa doente jovem com antecedentes de psoríase apenas tratada com corticoterapia tópica. Descrição do caso: Mulher de 39 anos, com antecedentes de psoríase. Observada por dor lombar com características inflamatórias e irradiação para a região inguinal esquerda com seis semanas de evolução e limitação funcional significativa. Constatada espondilodiscite com abcesso paravertebral e extensão para o músculo psoas. Fez biópsia com isolamento de Citrobacter koseri. Como não foi possível uma drenagem eficaz, a doente apresentou evolução lenta, mas favorável e completou doze semanas de antibioterapia, inicialmente com ceftriaxone e posteriormente com ciprofloxacina. Discussão: A identificação do agente e do seu perfil de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos mediante biópsia óssea foi fulcral, levando ao isolamento de um agente inusual e permitindo a sua terapêutica dirigida sem necessidade de ampliação de espectro face à evolução lenta que apresentou. Não foi identificado um fator predisponente para além da corticoterapia tópica.

Older people in low-population density regions tend to have fewer resources to engage in regular physical activity (PA) compared to their counterparts in urban areas. Moreover, PA assumes different dimensions, and the amount of PA related to each dimension may differ between women and men, predisposing them to different PA practices. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to describe the prevalence of barriers to PA, gender differences, and their associations with different PA dimensions. A total of 259 older adults (153 women and 106 men; age, 75.17 ± 8.05 years old) living in the community in the region of Guarda (Portugal) were interviewed face to face to record their sociodemographic characteristics, general health status (comorbidity index and self-reported health), PA behaviour, and barriers to PA. Women were more likely to report “low” income and living alone (p ≤ 0.05), while men reported a higher negative health status than women (p < 0.05). Two intrinsic (“Fear of injury” (40.1%) and “Need for rest” (26.3%)) and two extrinsic barriers (“Lack of nearby facilities” (30.5%) and “I don’t have transport” (25.6%)) were the most prevalent. For women, age, self-reported health, comorbidity index, and intrinsic and extrinsic barriers were similarly associated with the different PA dimensions. However, only self-reported health and extrinsic barriers were the variables associated with the different PA dimensions in men. Therefore, strategies to promote active ageing in low-population density regions should be focused on reducing intrinsic and extrinsic barriers based on gender and the PA dimension to be achieved.

Introduction The presence of another rheumatological condition in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) is not uncommon. To report a case of a patient with SSc-RA overlap and perform a review of the cases re-ported in the literature. Material and Methods A chart review of the present case report was performed. After, we performed a literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. Results We included 26 articles. Sixty-three patients were reviewed, 51 were female with a mean age of 45.03 years at the time of the first diagnosis. Sixty-three patients were diagnosed with limited cu-taneous SSc. Regarding organ involvement, the most frequently reported were cutaneous, vascular, pulmonary and gastrointestinal involvement. Erosions were presenting 65.08% of patients. A panoply of treatments was used. Conclusions The authors concluded that screening for an associated disease should be encouraged since the overlap with SSc may affect prognosis and treatment.

BACKGROUND:Despite technology-based systems being considered promising tools to stimulate and increase physical function at home, most older adults are unfamiliar with technology, which may pose some difficulties. Technology-related parameters, such as adherence, acceptance, and acceptability, are crucial to achieving higher efficacy levels of home-based exercise interventions delivered by technology. In this scoping review, we aimed to revise the use of home-based technological tools to improve physical function in the older population, focusing on the user's experience and perspective. Methods This scoping review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted in April 2022 and updated in April 2023. A total of 45 studies were included in the review. Results Most studies (95.5%) met the technology usage levels defined by the research team or reported satisfactory technology usage levels. Positive health-related outcomes were reported in 80% of studies. Although the existence of guidelines to correctly define and use measures associated with technology use, including adherence, acceptance and acceptability, some terms are still being used interchangeably. Some concerns related to the lack of an international consensus regarding technology usage measures and the exclusion of older adults who did not own or have previous experience with technology in a large percentage of the included studies may have limited the results obtained. Conclusions Altogether, home-based exercise interventions delivered through technology were associated with positive health-related outcomes in older adults, and technology usage levels are considered satisfactory. Older adults are willing and able to use technology autonomously if adequate support is provided.

Introduction:Eccentric exercise has often been reported to result in muscle damage, limiting the muscle potential to produce force. However, understanding whether these adverse consequences extend to a broader, functional level is of apparently less concern. In this study, we address this issue by investigating the acute and delayed effects of supramaximal isotonic eccentric exercise on neuromuscular function and motor performance of knee extensors during tasks involving a range of strength profiles, proprioception, and balance.Methods:Fifteen healthy volunteers (23.2 ± 2.9 years old) performed a unilateral isotonic eccentric exercise of the knee extensors of their dominant lower limb (4 × 10 reps at 120% of one Repetition Maximum (1RM)). The maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVC), rate of force development (RFD), force steadiness of the knee extensors, as well as knee joint position sense and mediolateral (MLI) and anteroposterior stability (API) of the dominant lower limb, were measured pre-, immediately, and 24 h after the eccentric exercise. The EMG amplitude of the vastus medialis (VM) and biceps femoris (BF) were concomitantly evaluated.Results:MVC decreased by 17.9% immediately after exercise (P < 0.001) and remained reduced by 13.6% 24 h following exercise (P < 0.001). Maximum RFD decreased by 20.4% immediately after exercise (P < 0.001) and remained reduced by 15.5% at 24 h (P < 0.001). During the MVC, EMG amplitude of the VM increased immediately after exercise while decreasing during the RFD task. Both values returned to baseline 24 h after exercise. Compared to baseline, force steadiness during submaximal isometric tasks reduced immediately after exercise, and it was accompanied by an increase in the EMG amplitude of the VM. MLI and knee joint position sense were impaired immediately after isotonic eccentric exercise (P < 0.05). While MLI returned to baseline values 24 h later, the absolute error in the knee repositioning task did not.Discussion:Impairments in force production tasks, particularly during fast contractions and in the knee joint position sense, persisted 24 h after maximal isotonic eccentric training, revealing that neuromuscular functional outputs were affected by muscle fatigue and muscle damage. Conversely, force fluctuation and stability during the balance tasks were only affected by muscle fatigue since fully recovered was observed 24 h following isotonic eccentric exercise.

Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is one of the most common extra-articular manifestations of spondyloarthritis (SpA), causing significant burden in quality of life (QoL). Golimumab (GLM) is a tumor necrosis factor-inhibitor proven to be effective and safe in SpA. The GO-EASY Study provided evidence that GLM decreases the AAU occurrence rate in SpA. Our aim is to study the impact of GLM in the change of vision-related (VR) QoL in subjects with SpA and past or current AAU. Ongoing prospective multicentre observational study (including 8 centres in Portugal) of SpA patients with history of AAU treated with GLM followed-up for 12 months. We intend to recruit in total 30 patients and we report herein the 6 months outcomes for the first 9 patients enrolled. The occurrence of AAU was assessed in the 2 years before GLM treatment was started and the first 6 months of follow-up and calculated for the period at risk for a new AAU. VR QoL was assessed with the self-administered National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25). Adverse events were noted. Nine patients (66.7% female, 100% TNFi-naive, mean age 46.1 ± 14.4 years (range 22–65)) have completed 6 months of follow-up. Three patients (33%) were also under oral methotrexate. The mean number of AAU flares in the 2 years preceding the start of GLM was 2.2 ± 1.3 (1–4). During the first 6 months of GLM treatment, the AAU incidence rate was reduced from 1.54 to 0.11 per 100 patient-years (incidence ratio-ratio 13.46, 95% CI 2.15–558.00; p < 0.01). At baseline and at 24 weeks after GLM onset, the mean overall index NEI VFQ-25 total score was 70.2 and 83.2, respectively; improvement in the NEI VFQ-25 total score was +13 ± 18.2. No significant or new adverse events occurred. Preliminary data from the GO-VISION study suggest that GLM is safe and effective in patients with SpA and history of AAU, being able to reduce the AAU occurrence rate and potentially increasing VR QoL.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is influenced by several factors, such as living place, physical activity (PA), and functional fitness levels. Evidence shows that functional fitness and PA levels are strongly associated with positive HRQoL, especially in the older population. However, the impact of the living place has not been investigated as an influencing variable in this context. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the HRQoL, PA, and functional fitness of older adults living in rural and urban areas of Portugal. A cross-sectional study was performed with community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and over (n = 261) living in the city of Guarda. The participants were assessed for sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical health, HRQoL, PA levels, and functional fitness status. The results showed that rural residents presented higher scores of HRQoL and functional fitness than older individuals living in urban areas. Regression models showed that functional fitness variables influence the HRQoL overall score and mental and physical subcomponents of HRQoL, regardless of the living place. In contrast, PA levels only influenced the HRQoL score in rural residents. The findings suggest that intervention programs to improve the physical health, quality of life, and well-being of the older population need to consider the country's different geographical areas.

Human cognitive-motor performance largely depends on how brain resources are allocated during simultaneous tasks. Nonetheless, little is known regarding the age-related changes in electrocortical activity when dual-task during walking presents higher complexity levels. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether there are distinct changes in walking performance and electrocortical activation between young and older adults performing simple and complex upper limb response time tasks. Physically active young (23 ± 3 years, n = 21) and older adults (69 ± 5 years, n = 19) were asked to respond as fast as possible to a single stimuli or a double stimuli appearing on a touch screen during standing and walking. Response time, step frequency, step frequency variability and electroencephalographic (EEG) N200 and P300 amplitudes and latencies from frontal central and parietal brain regions were recorded. The results demonstrated that older adults were 23% slower to respond to double stimuli, whereas younger adults were only 12% slower ( p < 0.01). The longer response time for older adults was accompanied by greater step frequency variability following double-stimuli presentations ( p < 0.01). Older adults presented reduced N200 and P300 amplitudes compared to younger participants across all conditions ( p < 0.001), with no effects of posture (standing vs walking) on both groups ( p > 0.05). More importantly, the P300 amplitude was significantly reduced for older adults when responding to double stimuli regardless of standing or walking tasks ( p < 0.05), with no changes in younger participants. Therefore, physically active older adults can attenuate potential walking deficits experienced during dual-task walking in simple cognitive tasks. However, cognitive tasks involving decision making influence electrocortical activation due to reduced cognitive resources to cope with the task demands.

Osteoporosis is characterized by a loss of bone mass along with alterations in its structure, with subsequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures, ultimately reinforcing the importance of its prevention by the reduction of the risk of falling.

Inclusion body myositis and muscular granulomas – a rare finding Filipe Cunha Santos, Filipe Cunha Santos Rheumatology Department, Local Health Unit of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal Correspondence to: Filipe Cunha Santos, Serviço de Reumatologia, Unidade Local de Saúde da Guarda, Avenida Rainha Dona Amélia, 6300-858 Guarda, Portugal. E-mail: filipe.santos@ulsguarda.min-saude.pt https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4714-0353 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ana Sofia Pinto, Ana Sofia Pinto Rheumatology Department, Local Health Unit of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4026-8357 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sara Paiva Dinis, Sara Paiva Dinis Rheumatology Department, Local Health Unit of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Olinda Rebelo, Olinda Rebelo Neuropathology Laboratory, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joana Fonseca Ferreira, Joana Fonseca Ferreira Rheumatology Department, Local Health Unit of Guarda, Guarda, PortugalFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cláudia Vaz Cláudia Vaz Rheumatology Department, Local Health Unit of Guarda, Guarda, PortugalFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rheumatology, Volume 60, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 989–990, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa344 Published: 05 September 2020

Background/Purpose Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are a serological hallmark of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD), such as systemic lupus erythematosus (LES), Sjogren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis and mixed connective tissue disease. Indirect immunofluorescence using human epithelial cells (HEp-2) is the gold standard for ANA screening. The nuclear pattern dense fine speckled (DFS) is one of the most common found when ANA levels are increased. DFS70 antibodies have been detected in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases; in contrast they are rare in SARD. These findings lead to research about their clinical implications. The aims of this study are: understand the meaning of anti-DFS70 antibodies; recognize the relevance of these antibodies in the diagnosis of patients with increased ANA titers in the context of SARD and non-rheumatic pathology (NRP). Methods A retrospective observational study of consecutive patients observed during 2018 in a community hospital with anti-DFS70 antibodies positivity were performed. Sex, age, clinical and autoantibodies associations were recorded. Ethical approval was obtained and it was executed in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. Results Of forty-seven patients 38 (80.9%) were females; mean of age was 51,57 years; 10 (21.3%) were diagnosed with SARD (among which 4 were LES, 5 rheumatoid arthritis and 1 had autoimmune thyroiditis); 10 (21.3%) NRP (2 with asthma, 1 allergic rhinitis, 1 sinusitis, 1 urticaria, 1 vitiligo, 2 neoplasia and 2 Gilbert's syndrome) and 27 (57.4%) had no pathology associated - 4 patients of them presented positive antibodies without SARD. Conclusions Although DFS70 antibodies are not specific for a particular condition, our study shows that they are a useful biomarker for differentiating between SARD and NRP when others antibodies are presented and it should be considered as a negative predictor for SARD if no other antibody is present. Whereby, DFS70 should be integrated into ANAs initial interpretation algorithm to avoid further studies.

Background: Quality of care is a key component of the right to health, and the route to equity and dignity. The aim of the project Rheuma SPACE - Standard Practice Aiming Clinical Excellence was to develop a set of quality indicators focused in rheumatoid arthritis care and apply them to rheumatology departments of the Portuguese National Health Service in order to benchmark the care for these patients. This article details the methodology that was applied. Methodology: This was a single country, three-phase project, each phase comprising multiple steps. The first step defined quality indicators and the excellence quality model to be used. It involved a literature search for international benchmarking of quality of care initiatives and indicators, followed by a pre-selection of an initial set of indicators. The set of indicators was latter on narrowed after an online Delphi round with all Portuguese rheumatologists and two consensus meetings involving the study task force. A set of 26 quality indicators was defined, within the three classic Donabedian dimensions of healthcare quality: Structure (9), Processes (11), and Outcomes (6). These indicators cover eleven domains of quality of care: personnel and organizational structure, training and research, facilities, equipment and information technology, budgeting and financial resources, access to care, clinical records, patient communication, multidisciplinary management, clinical outcomes, and patient and personnel satisfaction. Decision on quality and excellence thresholds for each of the 26 quality indicators was agreed upon a consensus meeting gathering principal investigators of the eight Rheumatology Departments that decided to participate, task force core set members and invited representatives of all Portuguese Departments/Units. Rheumatoid arthritis was the chosen disease model of the project based on the reliability of the outcomes to be measured in the context of this condition. The second step was the assessment of the participating Rheumatology Departments. During eighteen months, research teams applied the 26 quality indicators to their own Departments. The third step comprised data analysis and the elaboration of individual Rheumatology Department reports and of a global public report. Results: Eight Departments, comprising 80 specialists, 20 residents and 30 nurses, covering 5.904.080 inhabitants, underwent quality evaluation. More than one thousand patients (1.325) and 113 health professionals' surveys were analysed, as well as data from 570 clinical records and 3.927 medical appointments on rheumatoid arthritis patients. Discussion: 26 quality indicators were used for the first evaluation of Portuguese Rheumatology Departments, turning Rheuma SPACE into a pioneer project. Data analysis and benchmarking will be the subject of a further publication.

The aim of this study was investigated differences in postural stability and handgrip strength between faller and non-fallers older adults. 169 older adults (76.5 +/- 7.5 years), were recruited and were divided in fallers (n = 58) and non-fallers (n= 111) groups according to their fall history. Postural stability measures were made in 3 different quite stance positions using a force platform. Total, anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) displacement of centre of pressure (COP) were then computed. Finally, muscle strength was assessed with the handgrip test. The results showed that those adults who fell one or more times in a year, have lower handgrip strength (-15.5; P< 0.001) and higher displacement of the COP (total and AP direction), than those that did not fell (P> 0.05 for the side-by-side stand and semi-stand positions). Moreover, associations between handgrip strength, total and AP COP displacement, and falls history were found. The present results indicates that control of balance in narrow base stances may be an important tool in identifying elderly fallers. The tests applied in the present study allowed to distinguish between fallers and non-fallers older adults, providing valuable information on this population which may help in the implementation of falls prevention and functional fitness protocols, contributing for promoting aging with quality of life.

Literature has systematically shown that appropriate designed physical activity (PA) programs can have positive effects on the functional fitness in the elderly. Such programs can be implemented with or without supervision. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the differences between two modes of PA practice (supervised vs. non-supervised) on functional and aerobic fitness in older adults. 97 older adults (71.01 +/- 6.03 yr.) were recruited from Guarda+65 program, parish council, and health centres from Guarda, Portugal. A sociodemographic questionnaire was applied and the volunteers were divided in 3 groups according to PA practice: supervised (N = 44); non-supervised (N = 17); and control group (N = 36). Functional assessments included balance, 4 m walking and chair stand 5 times tests (Short Physical Performance Battery). Aerobic endurance was determined by the 2-min step test (Fullerton's Functional Fitness Test). Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to investigate the differences between groups in all evaluated variables. The supervised group showed the best results in SPPB tests and a trend for superior performance in the 2-min step test. Significant differences were observed between supervised and control groups in SPPB score, 4 m gait speed and chair stand test. Despite non-supervised PA group presented better performance results than control group, no statistical differences were found. Results suggest that supervised physical activity programs are relevant to maximize functional performance in the elderly.

Regular practice of physical activity (PA) is well known as an important factor to improve quality of life and promote independent ageing. However, most of the elderly does not accomplish the minimal levels of PA. Developing evidence to understand why older adults are not engaging in PA is an area that needs attention. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore how educational level influences perceived barriers and PA levels in the elderly. 234 older adults (75.17 +/- 8.3 yr.) were recruited from health centres, day centres, social centres and other public spaces from Guarda, Portugal. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Yale Physical Activity Survey for older adults (YPAS- PT) and a questionnaire on barriers to PA were applied. Participants were divided in 2 groups according to educational level: <= 4th Grade (G2 = 117) and > 4th Grade (G3 = 71). A chi-square test was used to determine whether perceived barriers are dependent on educational level. U test Mann-Whitney was applied to investigate the influence of education on PA dimensions. Adverse weather, the existence of injuries/disabilities and believing to be already active enough were the most prevalent barriers to PA. Older adults with higher education level are more physically active and spend less time sitting than those with lower level of education. This study reveals that literacy is an important factor to increase PA levels. Although the most relevant barriers are similar among groups, the prevalence differs by educational level.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar e comparar a intensidade de esforço em duas aulas de step [coreografado (SC) e atlético (SA)]. As 8 participantes da amostra (género feminino, 21,3±1,1 anos) foram submetidas a duas sessões de 45 minutos, com o step a 15cm de altura e cadência musical de 132bpm, com um intervalo de 48h entre sessões. A intensidade de esforço foi avaliada através da monitorização da frequência cardíaca (FC). Foi calculada a FC reserva e determinadas as zonas de intensidade (ACSM, 2011). Foi ainda avaliada a perceção subjetiva de esforço (PSE – escala de Borg). A FC média nas aulas de SC e SA foi de 157±18,3bpm e 158,1±7,1bpm, respetivamente, traduzida numa intensidade média de 69,2±13,5 (SC) e 69,7±6,2 (SA) da FC Reserva, sem diferenças significativas entre as duas vertentes de step (p>0,73). Contudo, na aula de SA as participantes passaram 70±8,8% (p>0,05) do tempo em atividade vigorosa enquanto no SC passaram 50±10,3% (p>0,05). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas relativamente ao tempo despendido noutras zonas de treino, entre modalidades. Na aula de SA (16,67 ± 1), a PSE foi significativamente superior à aula de SC (15,44 ± 0,73). Ambas as modalidades permitem praticar exercício físico de intensidade moderada a vigorosa, concordando com as recomendações do ACSM (2011).

Empowerment is usually defined as a process of promoting the sense of competence and control as a means of capacitating individuals to improve their life conditions. The aim of this study was to describe the psychometric qualities of the Portuguese Rheumatic Disease Empowerment Scale (P-RES-8), an 8-item measure of empowerment for patients with rheumatic disease. The study enrolled 81 patients with rheumatic diseases. Participants filled in the P-RES-8, the Portuguese validated version of the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 (MOS SF-36), and a questionnaire including sociodemographic data and disease-related variables. To evaluate the dimensionality of the P-RES-8 scale, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and its reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s α. The validity of this measure was assessed by analyzing the correlations between empowerment, quality of life, and other relevant variables (education level and illness duration). The P-RES-8 proved to be a reliable 1-dimensional measure of empowerment in patients with rheumatic disease (Cronbach’s α = 0.94). Empowerment was positively related to quality of life. Particularly, the findings showed positive associations between empowerment, assessed by the P-RES-8, and each of the 8 domains of the MOS SF-36. The associations were stronger for mental health and general health perception. The results also revealed that empowerment is positively associated with a higher education and more years after the diagnosis. The findings provide support for the adequacy of the P-RES-8 as a measure of empowerment in patients with rheumatic disease. Moreover, empowerment showed to be an important variable in the assessment of patients’ quality of life.

OBJECTIVETo develop recommendations for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) with biological therapies, endorsed by the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology.METHODSThese treatment recommendations were formulated by Portuguese rheumatologists based on literature evidence and consensus opinion. A draft of the recommendations was first circulated to all Portuguese rheumatologists and their suggestions were incorporated in the draft. At a national meeting the recommendations were discussed and all attending rheumatologists voted on the level of agreement for each recommendation. A second draft was again circulated before publication.RESULTSA consensus was achieved regarding the initiation, assessment of response and switching biological therapies in patients with PsA. Specific recommendations were developed for several disease domains: peripheral arthritis, axial disease, enthesitis and dactylitis.CONCLUSIONThese recommendations may be used for guidance in deciding which patients with PsA should be treated with biological therapies. They cover a rapidly evolving area of therapeutic intervention. As more evidence becomes available and more biological therapies are licensed, these recommendations will have to be updated.

The purpose of this study was to characterize the clinical and serological features of a large cohort of patients with antinuclear antibody (ANA) positive undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD). Consecutive patients with UCTD, followed up at the Rheumatology Clinic of the participating centers, were included. Data from these patients were obtained by clinical evaluation and chart review. All patients were diagnosed as having UCTD on basis of the following criteria: positive ANA plus at least one clinical feature of connective tissue disease, but not fulfilling classification criteria for any differentiated connective tissue disease. One hundred eighty-four patients were studied (female patients—94.5%; mean age at time of evaluation—47 years). The most prevalent manifestations were arthralgia (66%), arthritis (32%), Raynaud’s phenomenon (30%), sicca symptoms (30%), and leukopenia (19%). The prevalence of ANA was 100%, anti-SSA 20%, anti-dsDNA 14%, and anti-SSB 7%. Patients with anti-dsDNA/anti-Sm, anticentromere/anti-Scl70, or anti-SSA/anti-SSB antibodies more frequently presented a set of manifestations close to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis, or Sjögren syndrome, respectively. We analyze a large cohort of UCTD. Seventy-two percent of these UCTD patients present lupus-, scleroderma-, or Sjögren-like features but do not fulfill classification criteria and mostly present a mild disease.