Single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S), is an effective weight-loss surgery for clinically severe obesity and has established safety profiles in inpatient hospital settings. However, its safety in outpatient settings with same-day discharge remains unexplored. The study aimed to evaluate the short-term safety and complication profile of primary SADI-S procedures performed in outpatient settings across multiple centers. A retrospective analysis was performed using data from a prospectively maintained database, encompassing 327 instances of outpatient primary SADI-S procedures conducted between May 2020 and January 2023. Six surgeons performed these procedures at three distinct U.S. surgical centers. No standardized surgical techniques or enhanced recovery after surgery protocols were uniformly applied across these centers. A total of 327 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean preoperative BMI was 45.2 ± 7.2 kg/m2. Preoperative obstructive sleep apnea (26.2

Outpatient bariatric surgery offers reduced hospital stays and healthcare costs, with promising safety outcomes. This study analyzes the short-term results of stand-alone primary and revision bariatric surgeries, alongside concomitant foregut and abdominal surgeries associated with bariatric procedures, to assess their safety and efficacy in an outpatient setting at a free-standing ambulatory center. A retrospective study was conducted on 457 same-day discharge (SDD) bariatric cases performed by a single surgeon at a free-standing ambulatory center between January 2021 and July 2024. The procedures included sleeve gastrectomy (SG), duodenal switch (DS), adjustable gastric band (AGB) removal, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Concomitant foregut and abdominal surgeries associated with bariatric procedures, such as hiatal hernia repair (HHR), cholecystectomy, fundoplication, and ventral hernia repair, were performed when clinically indicated. Of the 457 cases, 97.8

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has consistently demonstrated excellent weight loss and comorbidity resolution. However, outcomes vary based on patient’s BMI. Single anastomosis duodeno-ileostomy with sleeve (SADI-S) is a novel procedure with promising short-term results. The long-term outcomes of SADI-S in patients with BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 are not well described. We aim to compare the safety and efficacy of SADI-S with RYGB in this patient population. We performed a multicenter retrospective study of patients with a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 who underwent RYGB or SADI-S between 2008 and 2023. Patient demographics, peri- and post-operative characteristics were collected. Complication rates were reported at 6, 12, 24, and 60 months postoperatively. A multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate and compare weight loss outcomes between both procedures. A total of 968 patients (343 RYGB and 625 SADI-S; 68.3

A global shift is occurring as hospital procedures move to ambulatory surgical settings. Surgeons have performed outpatient sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in bariatric surgery since 2010. However, prospective trials are needed to ensure its safety before widespread adoption. Purpose The study aimed to present a comprehensive report on the prospective data collection of 30-day outcomes of outpatient primary laparoscopic SG (LSG). This trial seeks to assess whether outpatient LSG is non-inferior to hospital-based surgery in selected patients who meet the outpatient surgery criteria set by the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Materials and Methods This study is funded by the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons and has been approved by the Advarra Institutional Review Board (Pro00055990). Cognizant of the necessity for a prospective approach, data collection commenced after patients underwent primary LSG procedures, spanning from August 2021 to September 2022, at six medical centers across the USA. Data centralization was facilitated through ArborMetrix. Each center has its own enhanced recovery protocols, and no attempt was made to standardize the protocols. Results The analysis included 365 patients with a mean preoperative BMI of 43.7 ± 5.7 kg/m 2 . Rates for 30-day complications, reoperations, readmissions, emergency department visits, and urgent care visits were low: 1.6%, .5%, .2%, .2%, and 0%, respectively. Two patients (0.5%) experienced grade IIIb complications. There were no mortalities or leaks reported. Conclusion The prospective cohort study suggests that same-day discharge following LSG seems safe in highly selected patients at experienced US centers. Graphical Abstract

Sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLT) and glucose transporters (GLUT) have been shown to influence diabetes management by modulating glucose uptake by the intestine. Therefore, alterations in gastrointestinal anatomy during bariatric surgery can change SGLT and GLUT receptor activity. These changes offer an additional mechanism for weight loss and may explain the differential impact of the various bariatric surgical procedures. This review examines the current literature on SGLT and GLUT receptors and their effects on weight loss through genetic studies, pharmacologic inhibition, and how SGLT/GLUT receptors impact surgical physiologic modulation. A better understanding of Type I sodium-glucose cotransport receptors (SGLT-1), GLUT-2, and GLUT-5 could provide insight for improved procedures and allow us to determine the best method to tailor operations to a patient's individual needs.

Surgery causes a physiological and psychological stress response which can lead to a decline in functional capacity (1). The adoption of prehabilitation into existing pathways can improve postoperative outcomes. HoLEP (Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate) is a minimally invasive surgical treatment for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. We aim to assess the feasibility of providing multimodal prehabilitation to patients with an ASA score of 2 or more. The prehabilitation interventions include supervised cardiopulmonary exercise, muscle conditioning, dietary/lifestyle advice and exploration of psychosocial needs. Patients will also receive a medication review by a specialist pharmacist. Compliance is to be assessed with a phonecall 2 weeks into the program and 6 weeks post procedure. Viability of the project will be determined by the ability of the organisation to deliver and sustain the program. The data to be collected will include project costs, time spent, patient satisfaction, length of stay, early and later surgical complications and daycase rate. This project will assess feasibility of perioperative optimisation programmes for non-oncology surgical pathways for maximal patient benefit.

Background Thromboprophylaxis in bariatric surgery is widely debated; however, few large articles evaluate treatment plans and their efficacy. Herein, we make the first large-scale report of the safety and efficacy of apixaban (Eliquis) for thrombus prevention following bariatric surgery. Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of apixaban following bariatric surgery. Setting Three private institutes, USA. Materials and Methods Data from 5017 consecutive bariatric patients that were placed on postoperative apixaban for thromboprophylaxis were used for retrospective analysis. The dose prescribed to patients was 2.5 mg PO BID for a total of 30 days starting on day 3 postoperatively. Results In total, of the 5017 patients, 59.7%, 31.2%, 4.4%, 2.5%, 1.8%, and 0.1% of the patients had undergone sleeve gastrectomy (SG), single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with SG (SADI-S), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), conversion from SG to SADI, small bowel reconstruction, and RYGB reversal, respectively. The 30-day follow-up rate was 95.3%. In total, 1.7% of patients experienced apixaban-related side effects. The most common side effects were menorrhagia and rash. Two (0.03%) side effects developed into Clavien-Dindo grade II complications. Overall, 10 (0.1%) patients experienced thromboembolic complications (five (0.09%) PVTs and five (0.09%) PEs). In each case, the protocol was not followed for extenuating circumstances. There were no deaths or thromboembolic events in cases where the protocol was able to be fully followed. Conclusions In conclusion, 30 days of postoperative apixaban appears to be safe and effective with minimal side effects while preventing thromboembolic events.

Single-anastomosis duodenal ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) is an important emerging procedure in bariatric surgery as an alternative to performing the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or the Roux-en-Y duodenal switch. With this significant weight loss and low weight regain, SADI-S has low complication rates. SADI-S, because of its anatomic configuration, also does not increase ulcer risk in patients, with almost no ulcers observed. Because of the short common channel, malnutrition is a risk. Diabetes resolution is higher than with RYGB. Overall SADI-S is a safe and effective procedure for patients with higher body mass index and patients with diabetes.

PURPOSE:Risk of nutritional disorders (NDs) in bariatric surgical patients has led to guideline recommendations for pre- and post-operative nutrient deficiency screening. The aim of this study was to identify baseline factors associated with incident NDs and, in addition, to explore possible differences in health care spending and use between patients with and without incident NDs following bariatric surgery.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Using data linked with a state-wide bariatric surgical registry and a state-wide claims database, subjects who underwent bariatric surgery between July 1, 2013, and December 31, 2015, were identified. Incident NDs and health care cost and use outcomes following 1 year from surgery were extracted from the claims data. Logistic regression was used to identify baseline factors associated with incident NDs. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression and generalized linear regression were used to estimate health care cost and use outcomes.RESULTS:A total of 3535 patients who underwent bariatric surgery were identified. Of these patients, those without continuous health insurance enrollment (n=1880), having prevalent (pre-surgery) NDs (n=461), and missing baseline BMI (n=41) were excluded. Of patients analyzed (n=1153), about 30% had incident NDs, with a mean (SD) age and BMI at surgery of 46 (12) years and 48 (9.2) kg/m2, respectively. Patients with one incident ND had higher total health care spending (coefficient=$41118, p-value<0.01) and ED visits (IRR=1.86, p-value<0.01).CONCLUSION:Those without pre-operative NDs may have a higher chance of having NDs post-operatively. Taking multivitamins and continues monitoring are necessary to prevent any negative outcomes related to post-operative NDs.

There are no comparative studies on the long-term outcomes after the primary traditional duodenal switch (DS) and single-anastomosis duodeno-ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S). This study aims to compare the long-term outcomes in a matched cohort. This study took place in a single private institute, in the USA. Data from 266 patients who underwent a primary laparoscopic traditional DS or primary laparoscopic SADI-S from September 2011 to December 2015 by four surgeons were used for a retrospective matched cohort. Data were obtained by matching every DS patient to a SADI-S patient of the same age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). In addition, only patients that were out at least 5 years and had a minimum 5-year follow-up were included in the study. The matched cohort included 30 DS and 30 SADI-S patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the preoperative characteristics and baseline comorbidities between both groups. The SADI-S patients had significantly shorter operative time and length of stay. The overall long-term complications, especially the long-term Clavien-Dindo grade IIIb complications, were significantly fewer with SADI-S. At 6 years, the DS patients had statistically higher %EWL; however, the ending BMIs were statistically similar between both groups. There were no significant differences in the long-term comorbidity and nutritional outcomes of both groups. The long-term failure rates were comparable. Most long-term outcomes of SADI-S were either similar or significantly better than DS. Part of the reasons could be the surgeon’s learning curve and the small sample sizes of both groups.

The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is the second most common bariatric procedure in the USA. Although the RYGB is an effective procedure, some patients will not achieve optimal weight loss or will experience significant weight regain. In this video report, we present a step-by-step surgical technique of RYGB limb distalization in a 49-year-old female patient for inadequate weight loss.

Single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) surgery is a modification of the traditional duodenal switch (DS) surgery. SADI-S is relatively a new bariatric surgical procedure and has gone by many names depending on the length of the common channel. In this study, we report our initial experience with this novel technique in the Australian population. The medical records of 91 patients who underwent laparoscopic primary SADI-S surgery by one surgeon at a single Australian center from January 2017 through May 2019 were retrospectively studied. Ninety-one patients were identified for analysis. The mean age and preoperative body mass index (BMI) was 46.2 ± 9 years and 43.2 ± 5.7 kg/m2, respectively. The mean operative time and length of stay were 121.8+/- 25 minutes and 1.4 ± 0.8 days, respectively. At 12 and 24 months, the patients lost an average BMI of 15.2 ± 5.2 kg/m2 and 17.2 ± 5.9 kg/m2, respectively. The short-term and long-term complication rates were 4.3% and 0%, respectively. The mortality rate was 0%. Postoperatively, the obstructive sleep apnea, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and gastroesophageal reflux disease resolution rates were 94, 94, 75, 68, and 13%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between most of the preoperative and postoperative nutritional data. SADI-S appears to be a safe bariatric surgical procedure with favorable outcomes at 2 years in the Australian population.

Background Internal hernias have not been reported with primary laparoscopic single anastomosis duodeno-ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy (LSADI-S). This is the first reported case of an internal hernia following primary LSADI-S and its surgical treatment. Case Presentation In this video case report, we present a case of a 54-year-old woman with a BMI of 53 kg/m2 who had undergone a primary LSADI-S for morbid obesity. The patient underwent an exploratory laparoscopy for chronic nausea and bile reflux. At surgery, we discovered a Petersen’s hernia defect, which was corrected by untwisting the bowel and sewing the space closed (video). A Braun enteroenterostomy was also performed. Conclusions An internal hernia following LSADI-S is rare, despite the unclosed space behind the small bowel mesentery. If they occur, they should not cause ischemia and can be fixed easily using a laparoscopic surgical approach with good postoperative outcomes.

BACKGROUND:Postoperative healthcare cost and use among patients with and without preoperative mental health illness are not well known.OBJECTIVE:This study compared total healthcare spending and use (emergency department [ED] visits and inpatient admissions) after 1 year post operation of those with and without preoperative mental health disorders.SETTING:United States.METHODS:Mental illness disorders were identified using International Classification of Disease-9/10 diagnosis codes in a statewide bariatric surgery registry and in claims databases that were linked to identify the study cohort. Generalized linear regression and zero-inflated negative binomial regression were used for the healthcare cost and use outcomes.RESULTS:Among 3580 registry patients with private insurance, 1610 patients with continuous enrollment and without missing body mass index data were included. Among patients, 56.8% (n = 915) had diagnosed mental health disorders before surgery. Those with mental illness spent more in total cost than those without mental illness (unstandardized coefficient = $18,513, P value < .01) in the first year after surgery. Those with mental illness had a 73% higher rate in ED visits (P value < .01), 83% higher rate in preventable ED use (P value < .01), and a 101% higher rate in hospital admissions (P value < .01) than those without mental illness.CONCLUSIONS:Patients with mental health diagnoses before having bariatric surgery appear to have significant positive association with surgical outcomes relating to postsurgical healthcare cost and utilization. Greater postsurgical surveillance may be warranted for bariatric surgery patients with preoperative mental illness to reduce postoperative ED visits and inpatient admissions.

Approximately 25% of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgical procedures will eventually fail due to insufficient weight loss, weight recidivism, or complications related to the procedure [ [1] Surve A. Zaveri H. Cottam D. et al. Mid-term outcomes of gastric bypass weight loss failure to duodenal switch. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016; 12: 1663-1670 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (29) Google Scholar , [2] Dykstra M.A. Switzer N.J. Sherman V. Karmali S. Birch D.W. Roux en Y gastric bypass: how and why it fails?. Surg Curr Res. 2014; 4: 1000165 Google Scholar ]. The reported incidence of anastomotic complications after RYGB ranges from .1% to 23% [ [3] Surve A. Cottam D. Sanchez-Pernaute A. et al. The incidence of complications associated with loop duodeno-ileostomy after single-anastomosis duodenal switch procedures among 1328 patients: a multicenter experience. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018; 14: 594-601 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (53) Google Scholar ]. The patients who experience an anastomotic complication require an intervention. If the intervention fails, the patient will require either a reversal or conversion to other bariatric procedure [ [1] Surve A. Zaveri H. Cottam D. et al. Mid-term outcomes of gastric bypass weight loss failure to duodenal switch. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016; 12: 1663-1670 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (29) Google Scholar , 4 Surve A. Zaveri H. Cottam D. et al. A video presentation on technique of laparoscopic redo of stenotic gastrojejunostomy with hiatal hernioplasty and right crural release in a patient with previous Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2017; 31: 3031-3032 Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar , 5 Pucher P.H. Lord A.C. Sodergren M.H. Ahmed A.R. Darzi A. Purkayastha S. Reversal to normal anatomy after failed gastric bypass: systematic review of indications, techniques, and outcomes. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016; 12: 1351-1356 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar , 6 Ma P. Ghiassi S. Lloyd A. et al. Reversal of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: largest single institution experience. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2019; 15: 1311-1316 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (18) Google Scholar ].

Introduction Single-anastomosis duodenal switch has been suggested to be an effective bariatric procedure that offers excellent weight loss and by lengthening the common channel the potential to reduce micronutrient deficiencies. Purpose To evaluate the weight loss, comorbidity resolution and the 1-year nutritional outcomes of the single-anastomosis duodenal switch (SADS) procedure. Setting Multiple US Hospitals. Methods From October 2014 to January 2017, 120 patients were enrolled at six sites across the USA and underwent the SADS procedure. Weight loss, comorbidities, quality of life, and adverse events were followed post-procedure for 12 months. Results At 1, 6, and 12 months, 98.3%, 85.5%, and 77.1% of the patients were available for assessment, respectively. At 12 months, patients showed significantly reduced body mass index when compared to baseline (46.8 ± 5.8 vs 29.8 ± 4.4, P < 0.001 respectively). Sixty-five patients had type 2 diabetes at baseline; however, 11 patients lost to follow-up. Of the available data (54 patients), 96.3% of the patients had a resolution of type 2 diabetes by 12 months with a mean A1C reduction from 7.8 ± 1.6 to 5.3 ± 0.7. Additionally, there were reductions in hyperlipidemia, sleep apnea, and hypertension at 12 months. Patient gastroesophageal reflux disease satisfaction and quality of life (SF-36) scores were significantly higher at 12 months post-procedure ( P < 0.001 in all cases) while 12-month protein levels remained at normal values. There were abnormalities of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D at 1 year with all other nutritional markers being not significantly different at 1 year from baseline. There were 10, IIIb, or greater complications according to the Clavien-Dindo scoring system during the study period, not all of which were related to the surgery. Conclusions SADS is a highly efficacious weight loss procedure with significant comorbidity reduction at 1 year. At 1 year, complications and vitamin and mineral deficits appear to be consistent with other malabsorption operations. Long-term follow-up is needed, especially around complications and vitamin deficiencies.

Background The long-term effectiveness of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and single-anastomosis duodeno-ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) is unknown. Purpose Compare the long-term outcomes. Setting Single private institute, USA. Materials and Methods Data from 1254 patients who underwent primary RYGB or SADI-S were used for a retrospective matched cohort. Data were obtained by matching every RYGB patient to a SADI-S patient of the same sex, body mass index (BMI), and weight. Only patients out 5 years and had at least one > 5-year follow-up visit were included. Results The matched cohort included 61 RYGB and 61 SADI-S patients. There was no statistical, demographic difference between the two groups. At 5 years, a 100% follow-up was available in each group. The intraoperative outcomes were significantly better with SADI-S. The 30-day readmission, reoperation, emergency department (ED) visits, and complication rates were statistically similar between the two groups. The long-term complication rates, Clavien-Dindo grade IIIb complications, and number of patients with more than one complication were significantly lower with SADI-S. Weight loss was significantly greater in the SADI-S group at 5 years. The long-term weight-loss failure rate was significantly higher in the RYGB group. The SADI-S procedure was associated with fewer reintervention through 6 years (14.7% patients vs. 39.3% patients, p = 0.001). Conversion or reversal of the procedure was required only in the RYGB group. There also was no significant difference in nutritional outcomes between the two procedures. Conclusions This study showed that problems, including long-term complications, reinterventions, weight-loss failure, and conversion, were more often associated with RYGB than with SADI-S. The SADI-S may be considered one of the viable alternatives to RYGB.