This study investigated the effect of leaf removal at three stages of grape development on the phenolic and volatile profiles of Cabernet Sauvignon and Marselan grapevines for two consecutive years in the Jieshi Mountain region, an area of eastern China with high summer rainfall. The results indicated that cluster-zone leaf removal generally reduced the titratable acidity of both varieties, but did not affect the total soluble solids of grape berries. Leaf-removal treatments increased the anthocyanin and flavonol content of berries in both varieties. However, in Cabernet Sauvignon, leaf removal negatively affected the norisoprenoid compounds, with a more pronounced impact observed when the leaf removal was conducted at an early stage. This negative effect may be related to a decrease in the levels of violaxanthin and neoxanthin, potential precursors of vitisprine and β-damascenone. In contrast, the removal of leaves had no effect on the norisoprenoid aroma of Marselan grapes.

该文通过调查农艺学性状及病虫害分析葡萄品种适应性,结合相应葡萄酒挥发性物质与感官分析(选择合适项目法和定量描述性分析法),探究碣石山产区主栽白色酿酒葡萄品种'霞多丽'、'维欧尼'、'胡桑'、'阿拉奈尔'和'小芒森'的酿酒特点.结果表明,5个品种农艺学性状表现良好,仅'胡桑'抗病性较差,受绿盲蝽侵害较重,需相应防治措施.'霞多丽'和'维欧尼'酯类物质的浓度较高,表现为柑橘、柠檬、菠萝、香蕉和核果香气.'胡桑'萜烯、降异戊二烯和一些酯类物质的浓度较高,表现为甜瓜、哈密瓜、苹果、梨、糖渍水果和花香.'阿拉奈尔'C6/C9类、萜烯、苯类和内酯类物质的浓度较高,表现为青苹果、植物和花香.'小芒森'高级醇、脂肪酸和果香硫醇类物质的浓度较高,表现为百香果、西柚、蜂蜜、坚果、矿物、动物皮毛、肉桂和煤油香气.根据《全球葡萄酒中国鉴评体系》,'小芒森'整体品质得分较高,在碣石山产区可酿造成品质优良的甜型葡萄酒.

The Bohai Bay region is a famous wine-growing area in China, where the rainfall is concentrated in the summer due to the influence of the temperate semi-humid monsoon climate. As such, the vineyard terrain has a significant impact on the flavor quality of the grapes and the resulting wines. To explore the relationship between the 'Cabernet Sauvignon' wine style and terrain, this study takes four different plots in the Jieshi Mountain region to investigate the differences in the aroma profile of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines of two consecutive vintages. Based on two-way ANOVA, there were 25 free and 8 glycosylated aroma compounds in the grapes and 21 and 10 aroma compounds with an odor activity value greater than 0.1 in the wines at the end of alcohol fermentation (AF) and malolactic fermentation (MLF), respectively, that varied among the four plots. Wines from the four plots showed a significant difference in floral and fruity aroma attributes, which were mainly related to esters with high odor activity values. The difference in concentration of these compounds between plots was more pronounced in 2021 than in 2020, and a similar result was shown on the Shannon-Wiener index, which represents wine aroma diversity. It has been suggested that high rainfall makes the plot effect more pronounced. Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that concentrations of (E)-3-hexen-1-ol in grapes and ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl hexanoate, isoamyl acetate, isopentanoic acid, and phenethyl acetate in wines were strongly positively correlated with the concentrations of N, P, K, Fe, and electrical conductivity in soil but negatively correlated with soil pH. This study laid a theoretical foundation for further improving the level of vineyard management and grape and wine quality in the Jieshi Mountain region.